Autumn leaf colouration: a new hypothesis involving plant–ant mutualism via aphids

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 95 - Trang 671-676 - 2008
Kazuo Yamazaki1
1Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan

Tóm tắt

Several recent hypotheses on the adaptive significance of autumn leaf colours have focused on specialist aphids. However, these hypotheses have overlooked several factors: the preferential investment by healthy vigorous trees in growth rather than defence against herbivores, variation among aphid species in their responses to bright autumn leaves and plant defences and the occurrence of tritrophic interactions in tree crowns. I incorporate these factors into a hypothesis that autumn leaf colours signal tree quality to myrmecophilous specialist aphids, with the aphids, in turn, attracting aphid-tending ants during the following spring, and the ants defending the trees from other aphids and herbivores. Therefore, bright autumn leaves may have adaptive significance, attracting myrmecophilous specialist aphids and their attending ants and, thus, reducing herbivory and competition among aphids.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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