Atmospheric light absorption—A review
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ackerman, 1981, Absorption of visible radiation in atmospheres containing mixtures of absorbing and non-absorbing particles, Appl. Opt., 20, 3661, 10.1364/AO.20.003661
Andreae, 1983, Soot carbon and excess fine potassium long range transport of combustion derived aerosols, Science, 220, 1148, 10.1126/science.220.4602.1148
Andreae, 1988, Biomass burning emissions and associated haze layers over Amazonia, J. geophys. Res., 93, 1509, 10.1029/JD093iD02p01509
Adams, 1988, Real time in situ measurements of optical absorption in the visible via photoacoustic spectroscopy: evaluation of photoacoustic cells, Appl. Opt., 27, 4052, 10.1364/AO.27.004052
Asano, 1980, Light scattering by randomly oriented particles, Appl. Opt., 18, 1190
Balkan, 1988, Atmospheric radiation, 140
Batten, 1985, Spectral optical constants of soot from reflection measurements, Appl. Opt., 24, 1193, 10.1364/AO.24.001193
Boden, 1990
Bergstrom, 1973, Extinction and absorption coefficients of the atmospheric aerosol as a function of particle size, Contr. Atmos. Phys., 46, 223
Blanchet, 1981, The influence of the refractive index and the size spectrum on atmospheric heating due to aerosols, Contr. Atmos. Phys., 54, 143
Bohren, 1983
Busen, 1987, Radiation budget of the boundary layer. Part I: measurement of absorption of solar radiation by atmospheric particles and water vapor, Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 60, 229
Cachier, 1986, Long range transport of continentally derived particulate carbon in the marine atmosphere: evidence from stable carbon isotopic studies, Tellus, 38B, 161, 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1986.tb00184.x
Cachier, 1989, Carbonaceous aerosols from different tropical biomass burning sources, Nature, 340, 371, 10.1038/340371a0
Chen, 1990, Light scattering and absorption by fractal agglomerates and coagulations of smoke aerosols, J. Mod. Opt., 27, 171, 10.1080/09500349014550251
Chylek, 1986, Effect of graphitic carbon on albedo of clouds, J. atmos. Sci., 41, 3074
Chylek, 1981, Optical properties and mass concentration of carbonaceous smokes, Appl. Opt., 20, 2980, 10.1364/AO.20.002980
Chylek, 1988, Scattering of electromagnetic waves by composite spherical particles: experiments and effective medium approximations, Appl. Opt., 27, 2936, 10.1364/AO.27.002396
Clarke, 1982, Integrating sandwich. A new method of measurement for the light absorption coefficient for atmospheric particles, Appl. Opt., 21, 3011, 10.1364/AO.21.003011
Clarke, 1982, Effects of filter internal reflection coefficient on light absorption measurements using the integrating plate method, Appl. Opt., 21, 3021, 10.1364/AO.21.003021
Clarke, 1989, Aerosol light absorption by soot in remote environments, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 10, 161, 10.1080/02786828908959231
Clarke, 1985, Snow in the arctic snow pack, a cause for perturbations in radiative transfer, Atmospheric Environment, 19, 3045
Clarke, 1987, Aerosol light absorption measurement techniques: analysis and intercomparison, Atmospheric Environment, 21, 1455, 10.1016/0004-6981(67)90093-5
Clemens, 1875, Atlantic Monthly
Countess, 1981, Chemical analysis of size segregated samples of Denver's ambient particulates, J. Air Pollut. Control Ass., 31, 247, 10.1080/00022470.1981.10465216
Creighton, 1990, Soiling by atmospheric aerosols in an urban industrial area, J. Air Waste Man. Ass., 40, 1285, 10.1080/10473289.1990.10466783
Cuddihy, 1984, Health risks for light duty diesel vehicles, Envir. Sci. Technol., 18, 14, 10.1021/es00119a720
Dalzell, 1969, Optical constants of soot and their application to heat flux calculations, J. Heat Transf., 91, 100, 10.1115/1.3580063
de la Vega, 1987, Balanca de masa en aerosoles atmosphericos de Santiago de Chile, Bol. Soc. Chil. Quim., 32, 187
Del Monte, 1984, Urban stone sulphatisation and oil fired carbonaceous particles, Sci. total Envir., 36, 369, 10.1016/0048-9697(84)90289-4
Duce, 1983, Organic material in the global troposphere, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 4, 921, 10.1029/RG021i004p00921
Fischer, 1973, Mass absorption coefficients of natural aerosol particles in the 0.4 to 2.4 μm wavelength interval, Contr. Atmos. Phys., 46, 89
Fredriksson, 1988, Differential absorption lidar for pollution mapping, 308
Fröhlich, 1988, Techniques for the measurement of spectral radiation, 401
Foot, 1979, Spectrophone measurements of the absorption of solar radiation by aerosol, Q. Jl R. Met. Soc., 105, 275, 10.1002/qj.49710544318
Gast, 1960, Thermal radiation, 16.21
Gerber, 1979, Absorption of 632.8 nm radiation by maritime aerosols near Europe, J. atmos. Sci., 36, 2502, 10.1175/1520-0469(1979)036<2502:AONRBM>2.0.CO;2
Gerber, 1982, Optical techniques for the measurement of light absorption by particulates
Groblicki, 1981, Visibility reducing species in the Denver ‘Brown Cloud’ — I. Relationships between extinction and chemical composition, Atmospheric Environment, 15, 2473, 10.1016/0004-6981(81)90063-9
Grassl, 1988, What are the radiative and climatic consequences of the changing atmospheric aerosol particles?, 187
Guzzi, 1984, Water vapor absorption in the visible and near infrared: results of field measurements, Appl. Opt., 23, 1853, 10.1364/AO.23.001853
Hänel, 1987, Radiation budget of the boundary layer: Part II, simultaneous measurement of the mean solar volume absorption and extinction coefficients of particles, Contr. Atmos. Phys., 60, 241
Hänel, 1988, Single scattering albedo, asymmetry parameters apparent refractive index and apparent soot content of dry atmospheric particles, Appl. Opt., 27, 2295, 10.1364/AO.27.002287
Hänel, 1989, Calorimetric measurement of optical absorption, Appl. Opt., 28, 510, 10.1364/AO.28.000510
Hansen, 1984, The aethalometer—an instrument for real time measurement of optical absorption by aerosol particles, Sci. total Envir., 36, 191, 10.1016/0048-9697(84)90265-1
Hansen, 1988, Global climatic change as predicted by the Goddard Space Studies 3 dimensional model, J. geophys. Res., 93, 9341, 10.1029/JD093iD08p09341
Hansen, 1988, Aerosol black carbon measurements at the South Pole. Initial results 1986–1988, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 1193, 10.1029/GL015i011p01193
Heintzenberg, 1982, Size segregated measurements of particulate elemental carbon and aerosol light absorption at remote arctic locations, Atmospheric Environment, 16, 2461, 10.1016/0004-6981(82)90136-6
Heintzenberg, 1982, Measurement of light absorption and elemental carbon in atmospheric samples from remote locations, 368
Heintzenberg, 1989, Fine particles in the global troposphere. A review, Tellus, 41B, 149, 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1989.tb00132.x
Heintzenberg, 1987, Chemically resolved submicrometric size distribution and external mixing of the Arctic haze aerosols, Tellus, 39B, 374, 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1987.tb00200.x
Hodkinson, 1966, Calculation of the color and visibility in urban atmospheres polluted by gaseous NO2, Int. J. Air. Wat. Pollut., 10, 137
Horvath, 1986, Experimental investigation of the validity of the Lambert Beer law at high particle concentrations, J. Aerosol Sci., 19, 847
Horvath, 1989, The absorption coefficient of the Vienna aerosol: comparison of two methods, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 10, 506, 10.1080/02786828908959291
Horvath, 1990, Experimental determination of the accuracy of light absorption measurements with the integrating plate method, J. Aerosol Sci., 21, s525, 10.1016/0021-8502(90)90296-A
Horvath, 1986, Determination of the size dependent light absorption coefficient of aerosols, J. Aerosol Sci., 17, 258, 10.1016/0021-8502(86)90079-0
Horvath, 1988, Diesel emissions in Vienna, Atmospheric Environment, 22, 1255, 10.1016/0004-6981(88)90152-7
Horvath, 1989, Temporal and spatial variations of the Vienna aerosol, Sci. total Envir., 83, 127, 10.1016/0048-9697(89)90010-7
Horvath, 1989, The relationship between outdoor and indoor soot concentration in an urban environment, J. Aerosol Sci., 20, 1273, 10.1016/0021-8502(89)90815-X
Jaenicke, 1988, Properties of atmospheric aerosols, 417
Kattawar, 1976, Electromagnetic scattering from a spherical polydispersion of coated spheres, Appl. Opt., 15, 1996, 10.1364/AO.15.001996
Kerker, 1969
Kortüm, 1969
Koschmieder, 1924, Theorie der horizontalen Sichtweite, Beitr. Physik Atmos., 12, 171
Kratz, 1985, Solar absorption by atmospheric water vapor: a comparison of models, Tellus, 37B, 53, 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1985.tb00055.x
Kreiner, 1985, Vergleichende Messungen von Massengröβenverteilungen, Massenkonzentrationen und Absorptionskoeffizienten sowie des Beitrages von graphitischen Kohlenstoff zum atmosphärischen aerosol, Ph.D. dissertation
Lewis, 1986, Measurement of light absorption extinction in Denver, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 5, 325, 10.1080/02786828608959097
Lin, 1973, Absorption coefficient of atmospheric aerosols: a method for measurement, Appl. Opt., 12, 1356, 10.1364/AO.12.001356
Lyubotseva, 1982, Aerosol absorption within the wavelength interval 0.25 to 0.8 μm, Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR Fiz. Atmos. Okeana, 18, 922
McElhoe, 1984, Remote measurements of sulfur dioxide emissions using an ultraviolet light sensitive video system, J. Air. Pollut. Control Ass., 26, 42
Mie, 1909, Beiträge zur Optik trüber Medien, speziell kolloidaler Metallösungen, Ann. Phys., 25, 377
Middleton, 1968
Muggauer, 1987, Emissionsfaktoren für Einzelöfen, Energie Umwelt Aktuell., 11, 8
Muhlbaier Dash, 1989, Atmospheric aerosol particles in the Detroit urban area. Wintertime sources and sinks, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 10, 236, 10.1080/02786828908600508
Nelson, 1980, Fractality of sooty smoke: implications for the severity of nuclear winter, Nature, 339, 611, 10.1038/339611a0
Newby, 1990, The sources and economic implications of building soiling in urban areas, Sci. total Envir., 100, 347, 10.1016/0048-9697(91)90385-R
Ogren, 1984, Wet deposition of elemental carbon and sulfate in Sweden, Tellus, 36B, 262, 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1984.tb00246.x
Ogren, 1981, Measurements of the absorption coefficient of stratospheric aerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 8, 9, 10.1029/GL008i001p00009
Ouimette, 1982, The extinction coefficient of multi component aerosols, Atmospheric Environment, 16, 2405, 10.1016/0004-6981(82)90131-7
Patterson, 1983, Optical properties of the crustal aerosol: relation to chemical and physical characteristics, J. geophys. Res., 86, 3236, 10.1029/JC086iC04p03236
Patterson, 1982, Diffuse reflectance and diffuse transmission measurements of aerosol absorption at the first international workshop on light absorption by aerosol particles, Appl. Opt., 21, 387, 10.1364/AO.21.000387
Patterson, 1984, Absorption characteristics of forest fire particulate matter, Atmospheric Environment, 11, 2541, 10.1016/0004-6981(84)90027-1
Penner, 1990, Cloud albedo, greenhouse effects, atmospheric chemistry, and climatic change, J. Air Waste Man. Ass., 40, 456, 10.1080/10473289.1990.10466699
Pluchino, 1980, The optical properties of agglomerated acetylene smoke particles at 0.5145 μm and at 10.6 μm wavelength, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 70, 230
Puxbaum, 1983, Untersuchungen der Schadstoffvorbelastung für Wien, 42
Quenzel, 1969, Einfluß der Aerosolgrößenverteilung auf die Meßgenauigkeit von Streulichtmessungen, Gerl. Beitr. Geophys., 3, 251
Ramsey-Bell, 1985, Comparison of three methods for measuring light absorption by collected aerosols, Appl. Opt., 24, 2397, 10.1364/AO.24.002397
Reist, 1989, An interactive model for predicting scattering functions of polydisperse aerosols
Roessler, 1984, Photoacoustic insight on diesel exhaust particles, Appl. Opt., 23, 1148, 10.1364/AO.23.001148
Rosen, 1983, Optical transmission through aerosol deposits on diffusively reflective filters: a method for measuring the absorbing component of aerosol particles, Appl. Opt., 22, 1256, 10.1364/AO.22.001265
Rosen, 1982, Graphitic carbon in urban environments and in the Arctic, 368
Scheff, 1990, Characterization and source identification of respirable particulate matter in Athens, Greece, Atmospheric Environment, 24A, 203, 10.1016/0960-1686(90)90457-X
Seinfeld, 1986, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Air Pollution, 297
Shengji, 1986, The measurement of the absorption coefficient of the atmospheric aerosol, Acta Met. Sinica, 44, 321
Shettle, 1979, Models for the aerosols of the lower troposphere and the effect of humidity variations on their optical properties
Sloane, 1988, Contribution of soot and NO2 to the discoloration or urban skies, Atmospheric Environment, 22, 2021, 10.1016/0004-6981(88)90091-1
Solomon, 1986, A chemical characterization of wintertime haze in Phoenix, Arizona, Atmospheric Environment, 20, 207, 10.1016/0004-6981(86)90221-0
Su, 1989, Problems of soot pollution and environmental effects in northern China, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 10, 231, 10.1080/02786828908959261
Twohy, 1989, Light absorbing materials extracted from cloud droplets and its effect on cloud albedo, J. geophys. Res., 94, 8623, 10.1029/JD094iD06p08623
Twomey, 1980, Direct visual photometric technique for estimating absorption in collected samples, Appl. Opt., 19, 1740, 10.1364/AO.19.001740
Van de Hulst, 1957
Van de Hulst, 1981
Waldram, 1945, Measurement of the photometric properties of the upper atmosphere, Q. Jl R. Soc., 71, 319, 10.1002/qj.49707130910
Walter, 1980, An assessment of suspended particulates in relation to health, Atmospheric Environment, 22, 965
Wang, 1979, Scattering by non spherical inhomogeneous objects, Appl. Opt., 18, 1190, 10.1364/AO.18.001190
Zerull, 1976, Scattering measurements of dielectric and absorbing nonspherical particles, Beitr. Z. Phys. Atmos., 49, 169
Zerull, 1977, Scattering measurements of irregular particles vs Mie theory, 112, 191