Astaxanthin: Nguồn gốc, Quy trình Chiết xuất, Độ bền, Hoạt tính Sinh học và Ứng dụng Thương mại - Một Tổng quan

Marine Drugs - Tập 12 Số 1 - Trang 128-152
Ambati Ranga Rao1, Siew‐Moi Phang2, Sarada Ravi3, G. A. Ravishankar4
1Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [email protected].
2Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [email protected].
3Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [email protected].
4Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. [email protected].

Tóm tắt

Hiện nay, các hợp chất có hoạt tính sinh học được chiết xuất từ các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên đang thu hút đáng kể sự quan tâm, đặc biệt là những hợp chất có thể tác động hiệu quả lên các mục tiêu phân tử, có liên quan đến nhiều bệnh tật khác nhau. Astaxanthin (3,3′-dihydroxyl-β,β′-carotene-4,4′-dione) là một xanthophyll carotenoid, có trong Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella zofingiensis, Chlorococcum và Phaffia rhodozyma. Nó tích lũy đến 3,8% tính trên trọng lượng khô trong H. pluvialis. Dữ liệu được công bố gần đây của chúng tôi về chiết xuất astaxanthin, phân tích, nghiên cứu độ bền và kết quả về hoạt tính sinh học đã được thêm vào bài báo tổng quan này. Dựa trên kết quả của chúng tôi và tài liệu hiện tại, astaxanthin cho thấy hoạt tính sinh học tiềm năng trong các mô hình in vitro và in vivo. Những nghiên cứu này nhấn mạnh tác động của astaxanthin và lợi ích của nó đối với sự chuyển hóa ở động vật và con người. Sinh khả dụng của astaxanthin ở động vật được cải thiện sau khi cho ăn sinh khối Haematococcus như một nguồn cung cấp astaxanthin. Astaxanthin, được sử dụng như một thực phẩm bổ sung dinh dưỡng, chất chống oxy hóa và chất chống ung thư, ngăn ngừa tiểu đường, các bệnh tim mạch và rối loạn thoái hoá thần kinh, đồng thời kích thích miễn dịch. Các sản phẩm astaxanthin được sử dụng trong các ứng dụng thương mại dưới dạng viên nang, si rô, dầu, gel mềm, kem, sinh khối và bột hạt. Các đơn đăng ký bằng sáng chế astaxanthin có sẵn trong các ứng dụng thực phẩm, thức ăn chăn nuôi và thực phẩm chức năng. Bản tổng quan hiện tại cung cấp thông tin cập nhật về các nguồn astaxanthin, quy trình chiết xuất, phân tích, độ bền, hoạt tính sinh học, lợi ích sức khỏe và chú ý đặc biệt đến các ứng dụng thương mại của nó.

Từ khóa

#astaxanthin #carotenoid #hoạt tính sinh học #chiết xuất #sinh khả dụng #chống oxy hóa #bệnh tiểu đường #bệnh tim mạch #rối loạn thoái hoá thần kinh #ứng dụng thương mại

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