Associations of long-term fine particulate matter exposure with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: results from the ChinaHEART project

2020, Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, Lancet, 396, 1223, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30752-2 Zhang, 2021, All-cause mortality risk and attributable deaths associated with long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 in Chinese adults, Environ Sci Technol, 55, 6116, 10.1021/acs.est.0c08527 Li, 2018, All-cause mortality risk associated with long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 in China: a cohort study, Lancet Public Health, 3, e470, 10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30144-0 Liang, 2020, Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and cardiovascular disease in China, J Am Coll Cardiol, 75, 707, 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.031 Yin, 2017, Long-term fine particulate matter exposure and nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in a large national cohort of Chinese men, Environ Health Perspect, 125, 10.1289/EHP1673 Yang, 2020, Associations of long-term exposure to ambient PM with mortality in Chinese adults: a pooled analysis of cohorts in the China-PAR project, Environ Int, 138, 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105589 Wang, 2020, The impact of long-term PM2.5 exposure on specific causes of death: exposure-response curves and effect modification among 53 million U.S. Medicare beneficiaries, Environ Health, 19, 20, 10.1186/s12940-020-00575-0 Di, 2017, Air pollution and mortality in the Medicare population, N Engl J Med, 376, 2513, 10.1056/NEJMoa1702747 Lepeule, 2012, Chronic exposure to fine particles and mortality: an extended follow-up of the Harvard Six Cities study from 1974 to 2009, Environ Health Perspect, 120, 965, 10.1289/ehp.1104660 Crouse, 2012, Risk of nonaccidental and cardiovascular mortality in relation to long-term exposure to low concentrations of fine particulate matter: a Canadian national-level cohort study, Environ Health Perspect, 120, 708, 10.1289/ehp.1104049 Hystad, 2020, Associations of outdoor fine particulate air pollution and cardiovascular disease in 157 436 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study, Lancet Planet Health, 4, e235, 10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30103-0 Wong, 2015, Satellite-based estimates of long-term exposure to fine particles and association with mortality in elderly Hong Kong residents, Environ Health Perspect, 123, 1167, 10.1289/ehp.1408264 Wang, 2023, Cohort profile: ChinaHEART (health evaluation and risk reduction through nationwide Teamwork) cohort, Int J Epidemiol, 10.1093/ije/dyad074 Li, 2020, Cardiovascular risk factors in China: a nationwide population-based cohort study, Lancet Public Health, 5, e672, 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30191-2 Lu, 2017, Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in China: data from 1.7 million adults in a population-based screening study (China PEACE Million Persons Project), Lancet, 390, 2549, 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32478-9 Wang, 2018, Life expectancy impacts due to heating energy utilization in China: distribution, relations, and policy implications, Sci Total Environ, 610–611, 1047, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.195 Ma, 2022, Full-coverage 1 km daily ambient PM2.5 and O3 concentrations of China in 2005-2017 based on a multi-variable random forest model, Earth Syst Sci Data, 14, 943, 10.5194/essd-14-943-2022 Chen, 2018, A machine learning method to estimate PM2.5 concentrations across China with remote sensing, meteorological and land use information, Sci Total Environ, 636, 52, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.251 Yang, 2005, Mortality registration and surveillance in China: history, current situation and challenges, Popul Health Metrics, 3, 3, 10.1186/1478-7954-3-3 Austin, 2016, Introduction to the analysis of survival data in the presence of competing risks, Circulation, 133, 601, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017719 Desquilbet, 2010, Dose-response analyses using restricted cubic spline functions in public health research, Stat Med, 29, 1037 Hougaard, 1995, Frailty models for survival data, Lifetime Data Anal, 1, 255, 10.1007/BF00985760 Liang, 2022, Associations of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and its constituents with cardiovascular mortality: a prospective cohort study in China, Environ Int, 162, 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107156 Coleman, 2022, Mortality risk associated with greenness, air pollution, and physical activity in a representative U.S. Cohort, Sci Total Environ, 824, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153848 Zhu, 2018, Sources of particulate matter in China: insights from source apportionment studies published in 1987-2017, Environ Int, 115, 343, 10.1016/j.envint.2018.03.037 Lippmann, 2013, National particle component toxicity (NPACT) initiative: integrated epidemiologic and toxicologic studies of the health effects of particulate matter components, Res Rep Health Eff Inst, 177, 5 Stafoggia, 2022, Long-term exposure to low ambient air pollution concentrations and mortality among 28 million people: results from seven large European cohorts within the ELAPSE project, Lancet Planet Health, 6, e9, 10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00277-1 Burnett, 2018, Global estimates of mortality associated with long-term exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 115, 9592, 10.1073/pnas.1803222115 So, 2022, Long-term exposure to air pollution and mortality in a Danish nationwide administrative cohort study: beyond mortality from cardiopulmonary disease and lung cancer, Environ Int, 164, 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107241 Shi, 2022, Low-concentration air pollution and mortality in American older adults: a national cohort analysis (2001-2017), Environ Sci Technol, 56, 7194, 10.1021/acs.est.1c03653 Strak, 2021, Long term exposure to low level air pollution and mortality in eight European cohorts within the ELAPSE project: pooled analysis, BMJ, 374, n1904, 10.1136/bmj.n1904 Sun, 2017, Evaluation on equality and efficiency of health resources allocation and health services utilization in China, Int J Equity Health, 16, 127, 10.1186/s12939-017-0614-y Cohen, 2017, Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2015, Lancet, 389, 1907, 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30505-6 Chen, 2020, Long-term exposure to PM and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Environ Int, 143, 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105974 Wu, 2014, Association of cardiopulmonary health effects with source-appointed ambient fine particulate in Beijing, China: a combined analysis from the Healthy Volunteer Natural Relocation (HVNR) study, Environ Sci Technol, 48, 3438, 10.1021/es404778w Wu, 2013, Blood pressure changes and chemical constituents of particulate air pollution: results from the healthy volunteer natural relocation (HVNR) study, Environ Health Perspect, 121, 66, 10.1289/ehp.1104812 Pope, 2019, Mortality risk and fine particulate air pollution in a large, representative cohort of U.S. adults, Environ Health Perspect, 127 Miller, 2007, Long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of cardiovascular events in women, N Engl J Med, 356, 447, 10.1056/NEJMoa054409 Biddinger, 2022, Association of habitual alcohol intake with risk of cardiovascular disease, JAMA Netw Open, 5, 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3849 Raju, 2020, Indoor air pollution and respiratory health, Clin Chest Med, 41, 825, 10.1016/j.ccm.2020.08.014