Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Mối quan hệ giữa các yếu tố môi trường xây dựng và các ca nhiễm SARS-CoV-2 ở cấp độ khu dân cư tại một khu vực đô thị ở Đức
Tóm tắt
Các kết quả sức khỏe liên quan đến COVID-19 cho thấy các mẫu hình địa lý khác nhau trong các quốc gia. Sự lây truyền của SARS-CoV-2 đòi hỏi sự gần gũi về mặt không gian giữa mọi người, điều này có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi môi trường xây dựng. Chỉ có một vài nghiên cứu phân tích các ca nhiễm SARS-CoV-2 liên quan đến môi trường xây dựng trong các khu vực đô thị với độ phân giải không gian cao. Nghiên cứu này đã xem xét mối liên hệ giữa các yếu tố môi trường xây dựng và các ca nhiễm SARS-CoV-2 trong một khu vực đô thị ở Đức. Các ca nhiễm SARS-CoV-2 đã được xác nhận bằng phản ứng chuỗi polymerase (PCR) của 7866 công dân tại Essen trong khoảng thời gian từ tháng 3 năm 2020 đến tháng 5 năm 2021 đã được phân tích, tổng hợp ở cấp độ khu dân cư. Chúng tôi thực hiện phân tích hồi quy không gian để điều tra mối liên hệ giữa số ca nhiễm SARS-CoV-2 cộng dồn trên 1000 dân (ca. SARS-CoV-2) cho đến ngày 31.05.2021 và các yếu tố môi trường xây dựng. Các ca. SARS-CoV-2 trong các khu dân cư (trung vị: 11.5, IQR: 8.1–16.9) cho thấy một gradient phía bắc-nam rõ rệt do xã hội xác định. Các ước lượng hiệu ứng của các mô hình hồi quy không gian điều chỉnh cho thấy có mối liên hệ tiêu cực với độ xanh đô thị, tức là chỉ số khác biệt thực vật chuẩn hóa (NDVI) (β điều chỉnh = -35.36, 95% CI: -57.68; -13.04), số phòng cho mỗi người (-10.40, -13.79; -7.01), không gian sống cho mỗi người (-0.51, -0.66; -0.36), và các khu dân cư (-0.07, 0.16; 0.01) và khu thương mại (-0.15, -0.25; -0.05). Các khu dân cư có các tòa nhà nhiều tầng (-0.03, -0.12; 0.06) và không gian xanh (0.03, -0.05; 0.11) không cho thấy mối liên hệ đáng kể. Kết quả của chúng tôi cho thấy rằng môi trường xây dựng có vai trò quan trọng đối với sự lây lan của các ca nhiễm SARS-CoV-2, chẳng hạn như các căn hộ rộng rãi hơn hoặc mức độ xanh đô thị cao hơn liên quan đến tỷ lệ nhiễm thấp hơn ở cấp độ khu dân cư. Sự phân bố không đồng đều của những yếu tố này trong nội đô nhấn mạnh sự thiên lệch về sức khỏe môi trường đối với đại dịch COVID-19.
Từ khóa
#COVID-19 #SARS-CoV-2 #môi trường xây dựng #hồi quy không gian #ĐứcTài liệu tham khảo
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