Association of parental-reported vitamin D supplementation with dental caries of 3-year-old children in Poland: a cross-sectional study
Tóm tắt
The study aimed to assess the association between parental-reported vitamin D supplementation and caries in a national sample of 3-year-olds in Poland. A total of 1900 children, representing all provinces of Poland, were invited. The questionnaires concerned vitamin D supplementation, socio-demographics, and oral health behaviours. Based on dental examination, caries scores (dmft/dmfs), prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and severe ECC (S-ECC) were calculated. The Spearman’s correlation, linear regression and logistic regression were used to assess the association between various factors and caries (p < 0.05). A total of 1638 children were tested. Of this number, 99.1% infants were supplemented with vitamin D. Supplementation had been continued seasonally in 55.2% children. ECC/S-ECC prevalence were significantly lower in children receiving vitamin D (ECC 38.3% vs. 44.7%, OR = 0.77; S-ECC 20.5% vs. 27.1%, OR = 0.69; p < 0.05). Mean dmft/dmfs were lower in those with supplementation (1.54 ± 2.72 vs. 2.24 ± 3.55; 2.40 ± 5.56 vs. 3.72 ± 7.56, respectively; p < 0.001). After controlling for confounding factors, supplementation was not significantly associated with caries; only dt/ds were still associated. Maternal education, sweetened beverages before bedtime, bottle use were significantly associated with S-ECC. Lower caries prevalence was observed in those with vitamin D supplementation. The association between parental-reported vitamin D and ECC/S-ECC was not significant in Polish children. Decayed teeth and supplementation were still associated. Dietary habits can modify the association with caries. There may be an association between vitamin D supplementation and lower caries in children. Parents should supplement their children during periods of significant growth and development.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alazmah A (2017) Early childhood caries: a review. J Contemp Dent Pract 1 18(8):732–737. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2116
Tinanoff N, Baez RJ, Diaz Guillory C, Donly KJ, Feldens CA, McGrath C, Phantumvanit P, Pitts NB, Seow WK, Sharkov N, Songpaisan Y, Twetman S (2019) Early childhood caries epidemiology, aetiology, risk assessment, societal burden, management, education, and policy: Global perspective. Int J Paediatr Dent 29(3):238–248. https://doi.org/10.1111/ipd.12484
Phantumvanit P, Makino Y, Ogawa H, Rugg-Gunn A, Moynihan P, Petersen PE, Evans W, Feldens CA, Lo E, Khoshnevisan MH, Baez R, Varenne B, Vichayanrat T, Songpaisan Y, Woodward M, Nakornchai S, Ungchusak C (2018) WHO global consultation on public health intervention against early childhood caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 46(3):280–287. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12362
Brown T, Creed S, Alexander S, Barnard K, Bridges N (2012) Hancock M (2012) Vitamin D deficiency in children with dental caries - a prevalence study. Arch Dis Child 97(Suppl 1):A103
Dudding T, Thomas SJ, Duncan K, Lawlor DA, Timpson NJ (2015) Re-examining the association between vitamin D and childhood caries. PLoS One 21 10(12):e0143769. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143769
Olczak-Kowalczyk D, Kaczmarek U, Kawala B, Bachanek T, Zadurska M, Gozdowski D, Turska-Szybka A (2016) Oral Health Monitoring. Monitoring the oral health of the Polish population in 2013-2015. Poland. Publishing House of the Warsaw Medical University. ISBN: 978-83-76-37-378-2
Olczak-Kowalczyk D, Kaczmarek U, Bachanek T, Gozdowski D, Strużycka I, Turska-Szybka A (2017) Oral Health Monitoring. Monitoring the oral health of the Polish population in 2016-2020. Poland. Publishing House of the Warsaw Medical University. ISBN-978-83-7637-448-2
Hooley M, Skouteris H, Boganin C, Satur J (2012) Kilpatrick N (2012) Parental influence and the development of dental caries in children aged 0-6 years: a systematic review of the literature. J Dent 40(11):873–885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2012.07.013
Schroth RJ, Rabbani R, Loewen G, Moffatt ME (2016) Vitamin D and dental caries in children. J Dent Res 95(2):173–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034515616335
Black LJ, Jacoby P, Nowson CA, Daly RM, Lucas RM (2016) Predictors of vitamin D-containing supplement use in the australian population and associations between dose and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Nutrients 8(6):356. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8060356
Munasinghe LL, Willows N, Yuan Y, Veugelers PJ (2015) The prevalence and determinants of use of vitamin D supplements among children in Alberta, Canada: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 16;15:1063. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2404-z
Hujoel PP (2013) Vitamin D and dental caries in controlled clinical trials: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 71(2):88–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2012.00544.x
Theodoratou E, Tzoulaki I, Zgaga L, Ioannidis JP (2014) Vitamin D and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised trials. BMJ 1;348:g2035. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g2035
Singleton R, Day G, Thomas T, Schroth R, Klejka J, Lenaker D (2019) Berner J (2019) Association of maternal vitamin D deficiency with early childhood caries. J Dent Res 98(5):549–555. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034519834518
Bucak İH, Çalışır M, Almis H, Ozturk AB, Turgut M (2016) Early childhood caries with the perspective of pediatrician. J Clin Anal Med 7:614–617
Schroth RJ, Jeal NS, Kliewer E, Sellers EA (2012) The relationship between vitamin D and severe early childhood caries: a pilot study. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 82(1):53–62. https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000094
Schroth RJ, Levi JA, Sellers EA, Friel J, Kliewer E, Moffatt ME (2013) Vitamin D status of children with severe early childhood caries: a case-control study. BMC Pediatr 25;13:174. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-174
Schroth RJ, Lavelle C, Tate R, Bruce S, Billings RJ, Moffatt ME (2014) Prenatal vitamin D and dental caries in infants. Pediatrics 133(5):e1277–e1284. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-2215
Botelho J, Machado V, Proença L, Delgado AS, Mendes JJ (2020) Vitamin D deficiency and oral health: a comprehensive review. Nutrients 19;12(5):1471. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051471
Almoudi MM, Hussein AS, Abu Hassan MI, Schroth RJ (2019) Dental caries and vitamin D status in children in Asia. Pediatr Int 61(4):327–338. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.13801
Chhonkar A, Gupta A, Arya V (2018) Comparison of vitamin D level of children with severe early childhood caries and children with no caries. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 11(3):199–204. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1511
Ślebioda Z, Szponar E, Dorocka-Bobkowska B (2016) Vitamin D and its relevance in the etiopathogenesis of oral cavity diseases. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 64(5):385–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-016-0384-z
Bishop E, Ismailova A, Dimeloe SK, Hewison M, White JH (2020) Vitamin D and immune regulation: antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory. JBMR Plus 22. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm4.10405
Holick MF (2017) The vitamin D deficiency pandemic: approaches for diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 18(2):153–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-017-9424-1
Płudowski P, Karczmarewicz E, Bayer M, Carter G, Chlebna-Sokół D, Czech-Kowalska J, Dębski R, Decsi T, Dobrzańska A, Franek E, Głuszko P, Grant WB, Holick MF, Yankovskaya L, Konstantynowicz J, Książyk JB, Księżopolska-Orłowska K, Lewiński A, Litwin M, Lohner S, Lorenc RS, Lukaszkiewicz J, Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Milewicz A, Misiorowski W, Nowicki M, Povoroznyuk V, Rozentryt P, Rudenka E, Shoenfeld Y, Socha P, Solnica B, Szalecki M, Tałałaj M, Varbiro S, Żmijewski MA (2013) Practical guidelines for the supplementation of vitamin D and the treatment of deficits in Central Europe - recommended vitamin D intakes in the general population and groups at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Endokrynol Pol 64(4):319–327. https://doi.org/10.5603/ep.2013.0012
Płudowski P, Ducki C, Konstantynowicz J, Jaworski M (2016) Vitamin D status in Poland. Pol Arch Med Wewn 9;126(7-8):530-9. https://doi.org/10.20452/pamw.3479
Łanowy P, Mocny Pachońska K, Trzcionka A, Tanasiewicz M (2019) Vitamin D - is there a correlation between vitamin D level in serum and caries? - review of the literature with analysis of survey among Polish adults about supplementation of vitamin D. J. Educ. Health Sport 9(5):467–475. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3233483http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6960
Wójcik D, Szalewski L, Pietryka-Michałowska E, Borowicz J, Pels E, Beń-Skowronek I (2019) Vitamin D3 and dental caries in children with growth hormone deficiency. Int J Endocrinol 21;2019:2172137. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2172137
Demographic Yearbook of Poland (2017) https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/roczniki-statystyczne/roczniki-statystyczne/rocznik-demograficzny-2017,3,11.html; https://stat.gov.pl/theme-area/statistical-vintage/vintageandstatistical/year-demographic-2017,3,11.html
World Health Organization. Oral Health Surveys –Basic Methods. 5th Edition (2013) World Health Organization, Geneva
American Academy on Pediatric Dentistry; American Academy of Pediatrics (2008, Latest Revision 2016) Policy on early childhood caries (ECC): classifications, consequences, and preventive strategies. Available from: https://www.aapd.org/media/Policies_Guidelines/P_ECCClassifications.pdf
Wagner Y, Heinrich-Weltzien R (2016) Evaluation of an interdisciplinary preventive programme for early childhood caries: findings of a regional German birth cohort study. Clin Oral Investig 20(8):1943–1952. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1685-z
Day RE, Krishnarao R, Sahota P, Christian MS (2019) We still don’t know that our children need vitamin D daily: a study of parents’ understanding of vitamin D requirements in children aged 0-2 years. BMC Public Health 15;19(1):1119. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7340-x
Mensink GB, Fletcher R, Gurinovic M, Huybrechts I, Lafay L, Serra-Majem L, Szponar L, Tetens I, Verkaik-Kloosterman J, Baka A, Stephen AM (2013) Mapping low intake of micronutrients across Europe. Br J Nutr 110(4):755–773. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451200565X
Spiro A, Buttriss JL (2014) Vitamin D: An overview of vitamin D status and intake in Europe. Nutr Bull 39(4):322–350. https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12108
Black LJ, Walton J, Flynn A, Kiely M (2014) Adequacy of vitamin D intakes in children and teenagers from the base diet, fortified foods and supplements. Public Health Nutr 17(4):721–731. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980013000359
Dratva J, Merten S, Ackermann-Liebrich U (2006) Vitamin D supplementation in Swiss infants. Swiss Med Wkly 22;136(29-30):473-81
Schroth RJ, Christensen J, Morris M, Gregory P, Mittermuller BA (2020 Nov) Rockman-Greenberg C (2020) The influence of prenatal vitamin D supplementation on dental caries in infants. J Can Dent Assoc. 86:k13
Marshall TA, Levy SM, Broffitt B, Warren JJ, Eichenberger-Gilmore JM, Burns TL, Stumbo PJ (2003) Dental caries and beverage consumption in young children. Pediatrics 112(3 Pt 1):e184–e191. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.112.3.e184
Pacey A, Nancarrow T, Egeland GM (2010) Prevalence and risk factors for parental-reported oral health of Inuit preschoolers: Nunavut Inuit Child Health Survey, 2007-2008. Rural Remote Health 10(2):1368
Kühnisch J, Thiering E, Heinrich-Weltzien R, Hellwig E, Hickel R, Heinrich J (2017) Fluoride/vitamin D tablet supplementation in infants-effects on dental health after 10 years. Clin Oral Investig 21(7):2283–2290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-2021-y
Grant WB (2011) A review of the role of solar ultraviolet-B irradiance and vitamin D in reducing risk of dental caries. Dermatoendocrinol 3(3):193–198. https://doi.org/10.4161/derm.3.3.15841
Gyll J, Ridell K, Öhlund I, Karlsland Åkeson P, Johansson I, Lif Holgerson P (2018) Vitamin D status and dental caries in healthy Swedish children. Nutr J 16;17(1):11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0318-1
Herzog K, Scott JM, Hujoel P, Seminario AL (2016) Association of vitamin D and dental caries in children: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2006. J Am Dent Assoc 147(6):413–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2015.12.013
Cagetti MG, Wolf TG, Tennert C, Camoni N, Lingström P, Campus G (2020) The role of vitamins in oral health. a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health.3;17(3):938. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030938
Silva MJ, Kilpatrick NM, Craig JM, Manton DJ, Leong P, Burgner DP, Scurrah KJ (2019) Genetic and early-life environmental influences on dental caries risk: a twin study. Pediatrics 143(5):e20183499. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-3499
Whitton C, Nicholson SK, Roberts C, Prynne CJ, Pot GK, Olson A, Fitt E, Cole D, Teucher B, Bates B, Henderson H, Pigott S, Deverill C, Swan G, Stephen AM (2011) National Diet and Nutrition Survey: UK food consumption and nutrient intakes from the first year of the rolling programme and comparisons with previous surveys. Br J Nutr 106(12):1899–1914. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114511002340
Hujoel PP, Lingstrom P (2017) Nutrition, dental caries and periodontal disease: A narrative review. J. Clin. Periodontol 44:S79–S84. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12672