Association of SARS-CoV-2 Seropositive Antibody Test With Risk of Future Infection

Stadlbauer, 2020, Repeated cross-sectional sero-monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in New York City., Nature

Wajnberg, 2020, Robust neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection persist for months., Science, 370, 1227, 10.1126/science.abd7728

Gudbjartsson, 2020, Humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in Iceland., N Engl J Med, 383, 1724, 10.1056/NEJMoa2026116

Long, 2020, Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections., Nat Med, 26, 1200, 10.1038/s41591-020-0965-6

Ibarrondo, 2020, Rapid decay of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in persons with mild Covid-19., N Engl J Med, 383, 1085, 10.1056/NEJMc2025179

Pray, 2020, COVID-19 outbreak at an overnight summer school retreat—Wisconsin, July–August 2020., MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep., 69

Tillett, 2021, Genomic evidence for reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: a case study., Lancet Infect Dis, 21, 52, 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30764-7

Iwasaki, 2021, What reinfections mean for COVID-19., Lancet Infect Dis, 21, 3, 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30783-0

Hoang, 2020, Recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 in patients recovered from COVID-19., J Med Virol, 92, 2366, 10.1002/jmv.v92.11

Li, 2020, Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding: not a rare phenomenon., J Med Virol, 92, 2286, 10.1002/jmv.v92.11

AlJishi, 2021, Intermittent viral shedding in respiratory samples of patients with SARS-CoV-2: observational analysis with infection control implications., J Hosp Infect, 107, 98, 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.09.011

Lee, 2020, Associations of viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) shedding patterns with clinical illness and immune responses in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection., Clin Transl Immunology, 9, 10.1002/cti2.1160

Li, 2020, Duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding and factors associated with prolonged viral shedding in patients with COVID-19., J Med Virol

Morone, 2020, Incidence and persistence of viral shedding in COVID-19 post-acute patients with negativized pharyngeal swab: a systematic review., Front Med (Lausanne), 7, 562, 10.3389/fmed.2020.00562

Surkova, 2020, False-positive COVID-19 results: hidden problems and costs., Lancet Respir Med, 8, 1167, 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30453-7

Agarwal, 2020, Long-term SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding and its temporal association to IgG seropositivity., Cell Death Discov, 6, 138, 10.1038/s41420-020-00375-y

Meschi, 2020, Performance evaluation of Abbott ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassay in comparison with indirect immunofluorescence and virus microneutralization test., J Clin Virol, 129, 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104539

Sherman, 2016, Real-world evidence—what is it and what can it tell us?, N Engl J Med, 375, 2293, 10.1056/NEJMsb1609216

von Elm, 2007, The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies., Ann Intern Med, 147, 573, 10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010

Sethuraman, 2020, Interpreting diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2., JAMA, 323, 2249, 10.1001/jama.2020.8259

Ainsworth, 2020, Performance characteristics of five immunoassays for SARS-CoV-2: a head-to-head benchmark comparison., Lancet Infect Dis, 20, 1390, 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30634-4

Theel, 2020, Performance characteristics of four high-throughput immunoassays for detection of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2., J Clin Microbiol, 58, 10.1128/JCM.01243-20

Polack, 2020, Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine., N Engl J Med, 383, 2603, 10.1056/NEJMoa2034577

Lumley, 2020, Antibody status and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care workers., N Engl J Med

Pottegård, 2020, Considerations for pharmacoepidemiological analyses in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic., Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 29, 825, 10.1002/pds.v29.8

Camm, 2018, Strengths and weaknesses of “real-world” studies involving non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants., Open Heart, 5, 10.1136/openhrt-2018-000788

Makady, 2017, What is real-world data? a review of definitions based on literature and stakeholder interviews., Value Health, 20, 858, 10.1016/j.jval.2017.03.008

Miksad, 2018, Harnessing the power of real-world evidence (RWE): a checklist to ensure regulatory-grade data quality., Clin Pharmacol Ther, 103, 202, 10.1002/cpt.946

Ward? H, Atchison? CJ, Whitaker? M, ? Antibody prevalence for SARS-CoV-2 in England following first peak of the pandemic: REACT2 study in 100,000 adults.? medRxiv. Published online August 21, 2020. doi:10.1101/2020.08.12.20173690

Zuo? J, Dowell? A, Pearce? H, ? Robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell immunity is maintained at 6 months following primary infection.? bioRxiv. Published online January 1, 2020. doi:10.1101/2020.11.01.362319

Addetia? A, Crawford? KH, Dingens? A, ? Neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection from SARS-CoV-2 in humans during a fishery vessel outbreak with high attack rate.? Journ Clin Microbiol. 2020;58(11):e02107-20. doi:10.1128/JCM.02107-20

Jeremias? S. First case of COVID-19 reinfection detected in the US. American Journal of Managed Care. October 12, 2020. Accessed November 11, 2020. https://www.ajmc.com/view/first-case-of-covid-19-reinfection-detected-in-the-us

Boomerang? JVL. Albany County resident reinfected with COVID-19 months after recovery. Casper Star-Tribune Online. October 29, 2020. Accessed November 11, 2020. https://trib.com/news/state-and-regional/health/albany-county-resident-reinfected-with-covid-19-months-after-recovery/article_b88aeff7-091e-5afb-9ee3-1b5715e9e219.html

US Food and Drug Administration. EUA authorized serology test performance. December 7, 2020. Accessed December 7, 2020. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-emergency-use-authorizations-medical-devices/eua-authorized-serology-test-performance

US Food and Drug Administration. Real-world evidence. November 24, 2020. Accessed December 28, 2020. https://www.fda.gov/science-research/science-and-research-special-topics/real-world-evidence

Hopkins? JS. Pfizer’s Covid-19 vaccine proves 90% effective in latest trials. Wall Street Journal. November 9, 2020. Accessed November 9, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/covid-19-vaccine-from-pfizer-and-biontech-works-better-than-expected-11604922300

National Institutes of Health. Promising interim results from clinical trial of NIH-Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. November 15, 2020. Accessed December 11, 2020. https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/promising-interim-results-clinical-trial-nih-moderna-covid-19-vaccine