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Mối liên hệ giữa việc tiếp xúc ngắn hạn với PM2.5 và tình trạng rối loạn vi sinh mũi, viêm và stress oxy hóa: Nghiên cứu nhóm trên những người trưởng thành trẻ khỏe mạnh
Tóm tắt
Vật chất hạt mịn (PM2.5) là yếu tố tác động môi trường chính và là mối đe dọa lớn đối với sức khỏe cộng đồng. Tuy nhiên, ảnh hưởng của việc tiếp xúc với PM2.5 đối với vi sinh mũi của con người và những hệ quả sinh lý bệnh của nó vẫn chưa được hiểu rõ. Nghiên cứu này nhằm khám phá các mối liên hệ giữa việc tiếp xúc với PM2.5 với các chỉ số của vi sinh mũi và các dấu hiệu sinh học của viêm mũi và stress oxy hóa. Chúng tôi đã tiến hành một nghiên cứu nhóm với 75 sinh viên tại thành phố Tân Hương, tỉnh Hà Nam, Trung Quốc, từ tháng 9 đến tháng 12 năm 2017. Các dấu hiệu sinh học của viêm mũi và stress oxy hóa bao gồm interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, yếu tố hoại tử khối u-α (TNF-α), 8-epi-prostaglandin F2 alpha (8-epi-PGF2α) và các chỉ số về sự đa dạng và loại hình vi sinh mũi đã được đo lường. Các mô hình hỗn hợp tuyến tính và phân tích sinh thông tin đã được thực hiện để đánh giá mối liên hệ giữa nồng độ PM2.5 với các dấu hiệu sinh học và chỉ số nêu trên. Kết quả cho thấy sự gia tăng 1 μg/m3 PM2.5 liên quan đến sự gia tăng 13,15% (khoảng tin cậy 95%: 5,53–20,76%) và 78,98% (khoảng tin cậy 95%: 21,61–136,36%) trong TNF-α vào lag2 và lag0. Các chỉ số về sự đa dạng của vi sinh vật và loại hình bao gồm sự công bằng, chỉ số Shannon, khả năng hình thành biofilm, và tính dung nạp với stress oxy hóa đều giảm ở các mức độ khác nhau theo sự gia tăng của PM2.5. Đáng chú ý, mười ba loài vi sinh vật khác biệt trong các lớp Clostridia, Bacilli và Gammaproteobacteria đã được xác định là các taxon chính và tám trong số đó có liên quan đến TNF-α, IL-6 hoặc 8-epi-PGF2α. Hơn nữa, thích ứng với môi trường là con đường chức năng quan trọng nhất của vi sinh mũi liên quan đến việc tiếp xúc với PM2.5. Tóm lại, việc tiếp xúc ngắn hạn với PM2.5 có liên quan đến viêm mũi, giảm đa dạng vi sinh vật và thay đổi loại hình vi sinh vật.
Từ khóa
#PM2.5 #Nghiên cứu nhóm #Viêm #Stress oxy hóa #Vi sinh vật mũiTài liệu tham khảo
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