Association between Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Proximal Single Subcortical Infarction in Comparison with Distal Single Subcortical Infarction

Wardlaw, 2013, Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to aging and neurodegeneration, Lancet Neurol, 12, 822, 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70124-8 Moran, 2012, Cerebral small vessel disease: a review of clinical, radiological, and histopathological phenotypes, Int J Stroke, 7, 36, 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00725.x Fisher, 1965, Lacunes: small, deep cerebral infarcts, Neurology, 15, 774, 10.1212/WNL.15.8.774 Fisher, 1969, The arterial lesions underlying lacunes, Acta Neuropathol, 12, 1, 10.1007/BF00685305 Fisher, 1979, Capsular infarcts: the underlying vascular lesions, Arch Neurol, 36, 65, 10.1001/archneur.1979.00500380035003 Caplan, 1989, intracranial branch atheromatous disease: a neglected, understudied, and underused concept, Neurology, 304, 78 Nah, 2010, Diversity of single small subcortical infarctions according to infarct location and parent artery disease: analysis of indicators for small vessel disease and atherosclerosis, Stroke, 41, 2822, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.599464 Baumgartner, 2003, Ischemic lacunar stroke in patients with and without potential mechanism other than small-artery disease, Stroke, 34, 653, 10.1161/01.STR.0000058486.68044.3B Wen, 2013, Heterogeneity of single small subcortical infarction can be reflected in lesion location, Neurol Sci, 34, 1109, 10.1007/s10072-012-1187-6 Zhang, 2014, Distal single subcortical infarction had a better clinical outcome compared with proximal single subcortical infarction, Stroke, 45, 2613, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.005634 2014, An International Atherosclerosis Society Position Paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia–full report, J Clin Lipidol, 8, 29, 10.1016/j.jacl.2013.12.005 Wang, 2014, Prevalence and outcomes of symptomatic intracranial large artery stenoses and occlusions in China: the Chinese Intracranial Atherosclerosis (CICAS) Study, Stroke, 45, 663, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.003508 Ay, 2005, An evidence-based causative classification system for acute ischemic stroke, Ann Neurol, 58, 688, 10.1002/ana.20617 Cho, 2010, Perforator territory infarction in the lenticulostriate arterial territory: mechanisms and lesion patterns based on the axial location, Eur Neurol, 63, 107, 10.1159/000276401 Cho, 2007, Is 15 mm size criterion for lacunar infarction still valid? A study on strictly subcortical middle cerebral artery territory infarction using diffusion-weighted MRI, Cerebrovasc Dis, 23, 14, 10.1159/000095753 Ference, 2018, Impact of Lipids on Cardiovascular Health: JACC Health Promotion Series, J Am Coll Cardiol, 72, 1141, 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.06.046 Lammie, 2010, Hypertensive cerebral small vessel disease and stroke, Brain Pathology, 12, 358 Jackson, 2010, Differing risk factor profiles of ischemic stroke subtypes: evidence for a distinct lacunar arteriopathy?, Stroke, 41, 624, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.558809 Jackson, 2005, Are lacunar strokes really different? a systematic review of differences in risk factor profiles between lacunar and nonlacunar infarcts, Stroke, 36, 891, 10.1161/01.STR.0000157949.34986.30 Goldstein, 2008, Hemorrhagic stroke in the stroke prevention by aggressive reduction in cholesterol levels study, Neurol, 70, 2364, 10.1212/01.wnl.0000296277.63350.77 Odden, 2016, Achieved blood pressure and outcomes in the secondary prevention of small subcortical strokes trial, Hypertension, 67, 63, 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06480 Mok, 2003, Small subcortical infarct and intracranial large artery disease in Chinese, J Neurol Sci, 216, 55, 10.1016/S0022-510X(03)00213-2 Kim, 2014, Ischemic stroke subtype classification: an Asian viewpoint, J Stroke, 16, 8, 10.5853/jos.2014.16.1.8 Shi, 2016, Update on cerebral small vessel disease: a dynamic whole-brain disease, Stroke Vasc Neurol, 1, 83, 10.1136/svn-2016-000035 Fisher CM. Lacunar strokes and infarcts: A review Neurology1982;32:871–876. Halkes, 2006, Large subcortical infarcts: clinical features, risk factors, and long-term prognosis compared with cortical and small deep infarcts, Stroke, 37, 1828, 10.1161/01.STR.0000226993.88307.ff Djulejic, 2012, Morphometric analysis, region of supply and microanatomy of the lenticulostriate arteries and their clinical significance, J Clin Neurosci, 19, 1416, 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.10.025 Yoon, 2013, Single subcortical infarction and atherosclerotic plaques in the middle cerebral artery: high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging findings, Stroke, 44, 2462, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001467