Đánh giá chất lượng nước của các dòng sông đô thị và phát triển các chiến lược loại bỏ phosphate khỏi nước và nước thải: Nghiên cứu giám sát và giảm thiểu tích hợp

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 2 - Trang 1-14 - 2020
Harsha Mahadevan1,2, K. Anoop Krishnan1, Renjith R. Pillai1,3, Sandhya Sudhakaran1,2
1Hydrological Processes Group, National Centre for Earth Science Studies (NCESS), Akkulam, Trivandrum, India
2University of Kerala, Trivandrum, India
3Department of Chemistry, Mar Ivanios College, Nalanchira, Trivandrum, India

Tóm tắt

Trong công trình này, trạng thái chất lượng nước của nguồn nước mặt xung quanh lưu vực sông Karamana, khu vực đô thị Trivandrum, đã được nghiên cứu dựa trên phương pháp chỉ số chất lượng nước (WQI). Tình trạng phú dưỡng của lưu vực được chỉ ra, và chiến lược giảm thiểu thích hợp đã được áp dụng để loại bỏ các dạng phosphate bằng cách sử dụng vật liệu đất sét có cột. Việc lấy mẫu phù hợp đã được thực hiện tại các con sông đô thị, và nhiều thông số lý hóa đã được phân tích để đánh giá chất lượng nước. Giá trị WQI thu được cho các hệ thống sông này nằm trong khoảng 317.7–3005.1, cho thấy rằng nước không phù hợp để sử dụng cho bất kỳ hoạt động sinh hoạt nào mà không qua xử lý. Ngoài ra, nồng độ ion phosphate trong khoảng 1.98–20.52 mg/L cho thấy sự chiếm ưu thế của các dạng phosphate trong nước mặt. Một chiến lược giảm thiểu hợp lý đã được áp dụng để loại bỏ chọn lọc các ion phosphate bằng phương pháp hấp phụ sử dụng đất sét bentonite có cột zirconium (ZPBC) được chuẩn bị bằng kỹ thuật khuấy - lão hóa. Thí nghiệm hấp phụ theo mẻ được thực hiện trên dung dịch phosphate mô phỏng cho thấy, với 2.0 g/L ZPBC, khả năng hấp phụ phosphate tối đa đạt 35.71 mg/g trong 30 phút ở pH 3.0. Dữ liệu thu được được sử dụng để nghiên cứu các mô hình động học và isotherm. Khả năng tái sử dụng của ZPBC đã sử dụng sau năm chu kỳ liên tiếp mà không mất mát đáng kể về khả năng hấp phụ với dung môi Na2CO3 0.025 M đã được xác thực từ nghiên cứu desorption. Một reactor đơn giai đoạn cũng được thiết kế từ dữ liệu isotherm và chứng minh hiệu quả. Tính ứng dụng của chất hấp phụ đối với các anion phosphate đã được kiểm tra thành công trong phòng thí nghiệm bằng cách sử dụng nước mặt thu thập và cho thấy rằng việc loại bỏ hoàn toàn phosphate đã đạt được với 6.0, 8.0 và 10.0 g/L ZPBC.

Từ khóa

#chất lượng nước #phosphate #hấp phụ #nước mặt #xử lý nước #đất sét bentonite

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