Assessment of the dynamics of the Volta river estuary shorelines in Ghana
Tóm tắt
Estuarine shorelines similar to marine coastlines are highly dynamic and may increase disaster risk in vulnerable communities. The situation is expected to worsen with climate change impacts and increasing anthropogenic activities such as upstream water management. This study assessed shoreline changing trends along the Volta river estuary in Ghana as well as the marine coastline using satellite imageries, orthophotos and topographic maps spanning a period of 120 years (1895, 1990, 2000, 2005 and 2015). Linear regression method in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) was used to determine the estuary shoreline migration trend by estimating the shorelines rate of change for the eastern and western sides of the estuary. The rates of change of the marine coastlines on the east and west of the estuary were also estimated. The results show that the eastern and western shoreline of the estuary are eroding at an average rate of about 1.94 m/yr and 0.58 m/yr respectively. The coastlines on the marine side (eastern and western) are eroding at an average rate of about 2.19 m/yr and 0.62 m/yr respectively. Relatively high rates of erosion observed on the eastern estuarine shoreline as well as the coastline could be explained by the reduced sediment supply by the Volta River due to the damming of the Volta River in Akosombo and the sea defence structures constructed to manage erosion problems. The trend is expected to increase under changing oceanographic conditions and increased subsidence in the Volta delta. Effective management approach, such as developing disaster risk reduction strategy, should be adopted to increase the resilience of the communities along the estuarine shoreline and increase their adaptive capacity to climate change hazards and disasters.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Akyeampong E (2001) Between the sea and the lagoon: an eco-social history of the Anlo of southeastern Ghana, c. 1850 to recent times
Allersma E, Tilmans WM (1993) Coastal conditions in West Africa—a review. Ocean Coast Manag 19(3):199–240
Almar R, Kestenare E, Reyns J, Jouanno J, Anthony EJ, Laibi R, Ranasinghe R (2015) Response of the Bight of Benin (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa) coastline to anthropogenic and natural forcing, Part1: Wave climate variability and impacts on the longshore sediment transport. Cont Shelf Res 110:48–59
Angnuureng DB, Almar R, Appeaning Addo K, Senechal N, Castelle B, Laryea SW, Wiafe G (2016) Video observation of waves and shoreline change on the microtidal Jamestown Beach in Ghana. In: Vila-Concejo A, Bruce E, Kennedy DM, McCarroll RJ (eds) Journal of Coastal Research Special Issue No. 75, pp 1022–1026
Angnuureng DB, Appeaning Addo K, Wiafe G (2013) Impact of sea defense structures on downdrift coasts: the case of Keta in Ghana. Acad J Environ Sci 1(6):104–121
Anim DO, Nkrumah PN, David NM (2013) A rapid overview of coastal erosion in. Ghana. 4(2):1–7
Anthony EJ (2015) Patterns of sand spit development and their management implications on deltaic, drift-aligned coasts: the cases of the Senegal and Volta River delta spits, West Africa. In: Sand and gravel spits. Springer International Publishing, Basel, pp 21–36
Anthony EJ, Almar R, Aagaard T (2016) Recent shoreline changes in the Volta River delta, West Africa: the roles of natural processes and human impacts. Afr J Aquat Sci 41(1):81–87
Appeaning AK, Nicholls RJ, Codjoe SNA, Mumuni A (2018) A biophysical and socio-economic review of the Volta Delta, Ghana. J Coast Res. https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-17-00129.1 http://www.jcronline.org/doi/abs/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-17-00129.1?code=cerf-site
Appeaning Addo K (2015) Monitoring sea level rise induced hazards along the coast of Accra in Ghana. Nat Hazards 78(2):1293–1307 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1771-1
Appeaning Addo K, Walkden M, Mills JP (2008) Detection, measurement and prediction of shoreline recession in Accra, Ghana. J Photogram Remote Sensing 63:543–558
Appeaning Addo K, Nicholls RJ, Codjoe SNA, Abu M (2018) A Biophysical and Socioeconomic Review of the Volta Delta, Ghana. J Coast Res In-Press
Armah AK (1991) Coastal erosion in Ghana: Causes, patterns, research, needs and possible solutions. In: Coastal Zone ‘91. ASCE, Long Beach, pp 2463–2473
Arthurton R, Korateng K, Forbes T, Snoussi M, Kitheka J, Robinson J, Monteiro P (2000) Coastal and marine environments. Environmental state-and-trends: 20-year retrospective, chapter 5(2):155–191
Bio A, Bastos L, Granja H, Henriques R, Madeira S, Rodrigues D (2015) Methods for coastal monitoring and erosion risk assessment: two. Portuguese Case Stud 15(1):47–63 https://doi.org/10.5894/rgci490
Boateng I (2009). Development of Integrated Shoreline Management Planning: A Case Study of Keta, Ghana Development of Integrated Shoreline Management Planning: A Case Study of Keta , Ghana. Federation of International surveyors Working Week 2009 (TS 4E, Eilat, Isreal), pp. 3–8
Boateng I (2012) An application of GIS and coastal geomorphology for large scale assessment of coastal erosion and management: A case study of Ghana. J Coast Conserv 16(3):383–397 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-012-0209-0
Bollen M, Trouw K, Lerouge F, Gruwez V, Bolle A, Hoffman B, Mercelis P (2011) Design of a coastal protection scheme for Ada at the Volta-River mouth (Ghana). Coastal Eng Proc 1(32):36
Codjoe SNA, Nyamedor HF, Sward J, Dovie DB (2017) Environmental hazards and migration intentions in a coastal area in Ghana: a case of sea flooding. Popul Environ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-017-0284-0
Danquah JA, Attippoe JA, Ankrah JS (2014) Assessment of residential satisfaction in the resettlement towns of the Keta Basin in Ghana. Int J Civil Engin Construc Estate Manag 2(3):26–45
Dar IA, Dar MA (2009) Prediction of Shoreline Recession Using Geospatial Technology: A Case Study of Chennai Coast, Tamil Nadu, India. J Coast Res 25(6):1276–1286
Ericson JP, Vörösmarty CJ, Dingman SL, Ward LG, Meybeck M (2006) Effective sea-level rise and deltas: causes of change and human dimension implications. Glob Planet Chang 50(1):63–82
Goussard JJ, Ducrocq M (2014) West African coastal area: Challenges and outlook. In: Diop S, Barusseau JP, Descamps C (eds) The Land/Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone of West and Central Africa. Springer, Cham, pp 9–21
Graham D, Sault M, Bailey JC (2003) National Ocean Service Shoreline - Past, Present, and Future. J Coast Res SI(38):14–32
Ibrahim B, Wisser D, Barry B, Fowe T, Aduna A (2016) Hydrological predictions for small ungauged watersheds in the Sudanian zone of the Volta basin in West Africa. J Hydrol 4:386–397
Ile IU, Garr EQ, Ukpere WI (2014) Monitoring infrastructure policy reforms and rural poverty reduction in Ghana: the case of Keta Sea Defence Project. Mediterr J Soc Sci 5(3):633–633
Jayson-Quashigah P-N, Addo A, Kwasi BA, Wiafe G (2019) Assessment of sediment change in the Volta Delta coast in Ghana using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Drone) approach. Ocean Coastal Manag J https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104952
Jayson-Quashigah P-N, Appeaning Addo K, Kodzo KS (2013) Medium resolution satellite imagery as a tool for monitoring shoreline change. Case study of the Eastern coast of Ghana. J Coast Res Spec Is 65:511–516 https://doi.org/10.2112/SI65-087.1
Jayson-Quashigah P-N, Appeaning Addo K, Wiafe G, Amisigo B (2018) Assessing beach volume dynamics using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): A Case Study of Ningo in the Volta Delta. CBAS-SDP Conefernce proceedings
Kannan R, Ramanamurthy MV, K. A. (2016) Shoreline Change Monitoring in Nellore Coast at East Coast at Pradesh District Using Remote Sensing and GIS. J Fisheries Livestock Prod 153(2):2–5 https://doi.org/10.4172/2332-2608
Karley N (2009) Flooding and physical planning in urban areas in west africa: situational analysis of accra, ghana. Theor Empirical Res Urban Manag 4(13):25–41 Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/24872616
Leatherman SP, Whitman D, Zhang K (2005) Airborne Laser Terrain Mapping and Light Detection and Ranging. In: Schwartz ML (ed) Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, the Netherlands, pp 21–23
Logah FY, Amisigo AB, Obuobie E, Kankam-Yeboah K (2017) Floodplain hydrodynamic modelling of the Lower Volta River in Ghana. J Hydrol 14:1–9
Lumor, King, International Climate Change Policies (2015). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2609787 or https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2609787
Ly CK (1980) The role of the Akosombo Dam on the Volta river in causing coastal erosion in central and eastern Ghana (West Africa). Mar Geol 37(3–4):323–332 https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(80)90108-5
Ly CK (1981) Sources of beach sand from the central and eastern coasts of Ghana, West Africa. In: Marine Geology 44.3, pp 229–240 issn: 0025-3227. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(81)90051-7. url: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0025322781900517
Mercer J, Kelman I, Taranis L, Suchet-Pearson S (2010) Framework for integrating indigenous and scientific knowledge for disaster risk reduction. Disasters 34(1):214–239 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.03613666.2009.01126.x
Morton RA, Miller TA, Moore LJ (2004) National assessment of shoreline change: Part 1: Historical shoreline changes and associated coastal land loss along the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2004–1043, p 44 (http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1043)
Mumuni KA (2016) An Assessment Of The Effects Of The Bagre Hydro Dam Spillage On Ghana-Burkina Faso Relations (Doctoral dissertation, University of Ghana)
Nairn RB, Dibajnia M (2004) Design and Construction of a Large Headland System, Keta Sea Defence Project, West Africa. J Coast Res 33:294–314
Nairn RB, MacIntosh KJ, Hayes MO, Nai G, Anthonio SL, Valley WS (1999) Coastal erosion at Keta Lagoon, Ghana—Large scale solution to a large scale problem. Coast Eng 1998:3192–3205
Natesan U, Parthasarathy A, Vishnunath R, Kumar GEJ, Ferrer VA (2015) Monitoring Longterm Shoreline Changes along Tamil Nadu, India Using Geospatial Techniques. Aquatic Procedia 4(Icwrcoe):325–332 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqpro.2015.02.044
Nicholls RJ, Hutton CW, Lázár AN, Allan A, Adger WN, Adams H, Salehin M (2016) Integrated assessment of social and environmental sustainability dynamics in the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna delta, Bangladesh. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 183:370–381
Oguntunde P, Friesen J, van de Giesen N, Savenije HHG (2006) Hydroclimatology of the Volta River basin in West Africa:Trends and variability from 1901 to 2002. Phys Chem Earth 31(18):1180–1188
Oyedotun TDT (2014) Shoreline Geometry: DSAS as a Tool for Historical Trend Analysis. Geomorphological Techniques (Online Edition) 2:1–12
Pont D, Day JW, Hensel P, Franquet E, Torre F, Rioual P, Ibanez C, Coulet E (2002) Response scenarios for the deltaic plain of the Rhone in the face of an accelerated rate of sea-level rise with special attention to Salicornia-type environments. Estuaries 25:337–358
Rodgers C, van de Giesen N, Laube W, Vlek PL, Youkhana E (2006) The GLOWA Volta Project: A framework for water resources decision-making and scientific capacity building in a transnational West African basin. In: Integrated assessment of water resources and global change. Springer, Netherlands, pp 295–313
Rossi G (1989) L'érosion du littoral dans le Golfe du Bénin: un exemple de perturbation d'un équilibre morphodynamique. Z Geomorphol, N F Suppl Band 73:139–165
Syvitski JP, Kettner AJ, Overeem I, Hutton EW, Hannon MT, Brakenridge GR, Nicholls RJ (2009) Sinking deltas due to human activities. Nat Geosci 2(10):681–686 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo629
Thieler ER, Himmelstoss EA, Zichichi JL, Ergul A (2009) Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 4.0-An Ar- cGIS extension for calculating shoreline change, US Geologi- cal Survey Open File Report 2008–1278, US Geological Survey, USA
Van de Giesen N, Liebe J, Jung G (2010) Adapting to climate Change in the Volta Basin, West Africa. Curr Sci 98(8):1033–1037
van der Linden WJM, Cloetingh SAPL, Kaasschieter JPH, Vandenberghe J, van de Graaff WJE, van der Gun, J. A. M. (Eds.). (2013) Coastal lowlands: Geology and geotechnology. Springer Science & Business Media
Van TT, Binh TT (2008) Shoreline Change Detection to Serve Sustainable Management of Coastal Zone in Cuu Long Estuaries. In: International Symposium on Geoinformatics for Spatial Infrastructure Development in Earth and Allied Sciences, pp 1–6
Wiafe G, Boateng I, Appeaning Addo K, Quashigah PN, Ababio SD, Laryea S (2013) Handbook of Coastal Processes and Management in Ghana. The Choir Press, Gloucestershire
WRC (2007) Water Resources Commission Annual Report. WRC, Accra