Đánh giá lượng nước ngầm biển (SGD) như một nguồn Radium hòa tan và các chất dinh dưỡng cho vùng nước ven biển Moorea (Polynésie thuộc Pháp)

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 39 - Trang 1651-1668 - 2016
Karen L. Knee1,2, Elizabeth D. Crook2,3, James L. Hench4, James J. Leichter5, Adina Paytan2
1Department of Environmental Science, American University, Washington, USA
2Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
3Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, USA
4Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, USA
5Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, USA

Tóm tắt

Công trình nghiên cứu trước đây đã ghi nhận lượng lớn nước ngọt và chất dinh dưỡng từ việc xả nước ngầm biển (SGD) vào vùng nước ven biển của một số đảo đại dương có nguồn gốc núi lửa. Tuy nhiên, trên phần lớn các đảo như vậy, bao gồm cả Moorea (Polynésie thuộc Pháp), SGD chưa được nghiên cứu. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã sử dụng đồng vị radium (Ra) và độ mặn để điều tra SGD và các đầu vào chất dinh dưỡng liên quan tại năm địa điểm ven biển và Vịnh Paopao ở bờ bắc Moorea. Hoạt động Ra có mặt cao nhất trong nước ngầm ven biển, trung bình trong nước bề mặt đại dương ven biển, và thấp nhất trong nước bề mặt ngoài khơi, cho thấy nước ngầm có hàm lượng Ra cao đang xả vào đại dương ven biển. Trung bình, nồng độ nitrat và nitrit (N + N), phosphate, amoni và silica trong nước ngầm lần lượt cao hơn 12, 21, 29 và 33 lần so với nồng độ trong nước bề mặt đại dương ven biển, cho thấy rằng sự xả nước ngầm có thể là một nguồn chất dinh dưỡng quan trọng cho đại dương ven biển. Cân bằng khối lượng Ra và độ mặn cho thấy hầu hết hoặc tất cả SGD tại các địa điểm này là nước mặn và có khả năng nguồn gốc từ một lớp sâu hơn, chưa được lấy mẫu của nước biển tuần hoàn giàu Ra. SGD có độ mặn cao này có thể ít bị ảnh hưởng bởi các nguồn nuôi trồng trên cạn, chẳng hạn như phân bón, nước thải và chất thải động vật, so với nước ngầm khí quyển; tuy nhiên, xu hướng chất dinh dưỡng-độ mặn chỉ ra rằng nó vẫn có thể có nồng độ nitrat và phosphate cao hơn nhiều so với nước tiếp nhận ven biển. Nồng độ chất dinh dưỡng trong nước đại dương ven biển hầu như giống hệt với những gì được đo ở ngoài khơi, điều này cho thấy rằng các khoản trợ cấp chất dinh dưỡng từ SGD được sử dụng một cách hiệu quả.

Từ khóa

#nước ngầm biển #Radium #chất dinh dưỡng #Moorea #Polynésie thuộc Pháp #xả nước ngầm

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