Assessment of Shortwave Infrared Sea Surface Reflection and Nonlocal Thermodynamic Equilibrium Effects in the Community Radiative Transfer Model Using IASI Data

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology - Tập 30 Số 9 - Trang 2152-2160 - 2013
Yong Chen1, Yong Han2, Paul van Delst3, Fuzhong Weng2
1Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland
2Center for Satellite Applications and Research, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, College Park, Maryland
3IMSG Inc., Rockville, and Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation, College Park, Maryland

Tóm tắt

Abstract The nadir-viewing satellite radiances at shortwave infrared channels from 3.5 to 4.6 μm are not currently assimilated in operational numerical weather prediction data assimilation systems and are not adequately corrected for applications of temperature retrieval at daytime. For satellite observations over the ocean during the daytime, the radiance in the surface-sensitive shortwave infrared is strongly affected by the reflected solar radiance, which can contribute as much as 20.0 K to the measured brightness temperatures (BT). The nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) emission in the 4.3-μm CO2 band can add a further 10 K to the measured BT. In this study, a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is developed for the ocean surface and an NLTE radiance correction scheme is investigated for the hyperspectral sensors. Both effects are implemented in the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM). The biases of CRTM simulations to Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) observations and the standard deviations of the biases are greatly improved during daytime (about a 1.5-K bias for NLTE channels and a 0.3-K bias for surface-sensitive shortwave channels) and are very close to the values obtained during the night. These improved capabilities in CRTM allow for effective uses of satellite data at short infrared wavelengths in data assimilation systems and in atmospheric soundings throughout the day and night.

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Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

Tập 30 Số 9

2152-2160

Thông tin tác giả