Assessing Physical Performance in Older Adults during Isolation or Lockdown Periods: Web-Based Video Conferencing as a Solution
Tóm tắt
During the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face assessments were limited. Fortunately, older adults have access to web-technology (60%). Thus, we aimed to explore if assessing physical performance remotely is as reliable and valid as in person. At the end of the first lockdown, 15 older adults agreed to perform two similar evaluations in remote and face-to-face conditions. Functional capacities [5-repetitions Sit-to-Stand (STS); unipodal balance, 4-m walking speed (normal (NWS); fast (FWS)), 3-m Timed-Up and Go (normal (nTUG); fast (fTUG))] and muscle power and endurance were assessed. Fast walking speed was moderately reliable. Unipodal balance, NWS and nTUG were highly reliable (ICC>0.7). fTUG, STS, muscle endurance and power were extremely reliable (ICC>0.9). For absolute reliability, SEM varied from 15.54 to 5.14%. Finally, the MDC varied from 43.07 to 14.21%. Assessing functional capacities and muscle function remotely is as reliable and valid as a face-to-face assessment and should be considered as a clinical practice.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Keller K, Engelhardt M. Strength and muscle mass loss with aging process. Age and strength loss. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2014;3:346–350.
Janssen I, Heymsfield SB, Ross R. Low relative skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) in older persons is associated with functional impairment and physical disability. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:889–896.
Malmstrom TK, Miller DK, Simonsick EM, Ferrucci L, Morley JE (2016) SARC-F: a symptom score to predict persons with sarcopenia at risk for poor functional outcomes. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 7:28–36.
Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Orav JE, Kanis JA, Rizzoli R, Schlögl M, Staehelin HB, Willett WC, Dawson-Hughes B. Comparative performance of current definitions of sarcopenia against the prospective incidence of falls among community-dwelling seniors age 65 and older. Osteoporos Int 2015;26:2793–2802.
Schaap LA, van Schoor NM, Lips P, Visser M. Associations of Sarcopenia Definitions, and Their Components, With the Incidence of Recurrent Falling and Fractures: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018;73:1199–1204.
Zhang X, Zhang W, Wang C, Tao W, Dou Q, Yang Y Sarcopenia as a predictor of hospitalization among older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatrics 2018;18:188.
Chambonniere C, Lambert C, Tardieu M, Fillon A, Genin P, Larras B, Melsens P, Baker JS, Pereira B, Tremblay A, Thivel D, Duclos M. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior of Elderly Populations during Confinement: Results from the FRENCH COVID-19 ONAPS Survey. Exp Aging Res: 2021;1-13.
Aubertin-Leheudre M, Rolland Y. The Importance of Physical Activity to Care for Frail Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020;21:973–976.
Martel D, Lauzé M, Agnoux A, Fruteau de Laclos L, Daoust R, Émond M, Sirois M-J, Aubertin-Leheudre M. Comparing the effects of a home-based exercise program using a gerontechnology to a community-based group exercise program on functional capacities in older adults after a minor injury. Exp Gerontol 2018;108:41–47.
Lauzé M, Martel DD, Aubertin-Leheudre M. Feasibility and Effects of a Physical Activity Program Using Gerontechnology in Assisted Living Communities for Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017;18:1069–1075.
Government of Canada SC. Evolving Internet Use Among Canadian Seniors. Available at: https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/11f0019m/11f0019m2019015-eng.htm. Accessed June 14, 2021.
Roccaforte WH, Burke WJ, Bayer BL, Wengel SP. Validation of a telephone version of the mini-mental state examination. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992;40:697–702.
Springer BA, Marin R, Cyhan T, Roberts H, Gill NW. Normative values for the unipedal stance test with eyes open and closed. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2007;30:8–15.
Peters DM, Fritz SL, Krotish DE. Assessing the reliability and validity of a shorter walk test compared with the 10-Meter Walk Test for measurements of gait speed in healthy, older adults. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2013;36:24–30.
Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed ‘Up & Go’: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991;39:142–148.
Shumway-Cook A, Brauer S, Woollacott M. Predicting the probability for falls in community-dwelling older adults using the Timed Up & Go Test. Phys Ther 2000;80:896–903.
Guralnik JM, Simonsick EM, Ferrucci L, Glynn RJ, Berkman LF, Blazer DG, Scherr PA, Wallace RB. A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol 1994;49:M85–94.
Takai Y, Ohta M, Akagi R, Kanehisa H, Kawakami Y, Fukunaga T. Sit-to-stand test to evaluate knee extensor muscle size and strength in the elderly: a novel approach. J Physiol Anthropol 2009;28:123–128.
Jones CJ, Rikli RE, Beam WC. A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. Res Q Exerc Sport 1999;70:113–119.
Giavarina D. Understanding Bland Altman analysis. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2015;25:141–151.
Koo TK, Li MY. A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. J Chiropr Med 2016; 2005;15:155–163.
Weir JP. Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. J Strength Cond Res 19:231–240.
Cejudo A, Sainz de Baranda P, Ayala F, Santonja F. Test-retest reliability of seven common clinical tests for assessing lower extremity muscle flexibility in futsal and handball players. Phys Ther Sport 2015;16:107–113.
Haley SM, Fragala-Pinkham MA. Interpreting change scores of tests and measures used in physical therapy. Phys Ther 2006;86:735–743.
Phelan EA, Ritchey K. Fall Prevention in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Ann Intern Med 2018;169:ITC81–ITC96.
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Landi F, Schneider SM, Zúñiga C, Arai H, Boirie Y, Chen L-K, Fielding RA, Martin FC, Michel J-P, Sieber C, Stout JR, Studenski SA, Vellas B, Woo J, Zamboni M, Cederholm T. Prevalence of and interventions for sarcopenia in ageing adults: a systematic review. Report of the International Sarcopenia Initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS). Age Ageing 2014;43:748–759.
Topinková E. Aging, disability and frailty. Ann Nutr Metab 52 Suppl 2008;1:6–11.
Guralnik JM, Simonsick EM, Ferrucci L, Glynn RJ, Berkman LF, Blazer DG, Scherr PA, Wallace RB. A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol 1994;49:M85–94.
Mesquita R, Wilke S, Smid DE, Janssen DJ, Franssen FM, Probst VS, Wouters EF, Muris JW, Pitta F, Spruit MA. Measurement properties of the Timed Up & Go test in patients with COPD. Chron Respir Dis 2016;13:344–352.