Approaching the capacity limit of lithium cobalt oxide in lithium ion batteries via lanthanum and aluminium doping

Sun, Y. et al. High-capacity battery cathode prelithiation to offset initial lithium loss. Nat. Energy 1, 15008 (2016).

Pang, Q., Liang, X., Kwok, C. Y. & Nazar, L. F. Advances in lithium–sulfur batteries based on multifunctional cathodes and electrolytes. Nat. Energy 1, 16132 (2016).

Tarascon, J. M. & Armand, M. Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries. Nature 414, 359–367 (2001).

Nitta, N., Wu, F., Lee, J. T. & Yushin, G. Li-ion battery materials: present and future. Mater. Today 18, 252–264 (2015).

Etacheri, V., Marom, R., Elazari, R., Salitra, G. & Aurbach, D. Challenges in the development of advanced Li-ion batteries: a review. Energy Environ. Sci. 4, 3243–3262 (2011).

Kim, J. & Manthiram, A. A manganese oxyiodide cathode for rechargeable lithium batteries. Nature 390, 265–267 (1997).

Lin, F. et al. Surface reconstruction and chemical evolution of stoichiometric layered cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Nat. Commun. 5, 3529 (2014).

Zheng, F. et al. Nanoscale surface modification of lithium-rich layered-oxide composite cathodes for suppressing voltage fade. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 54, 13058–13062 (2015).

Qiu, B. et al. Gas–solid interfacial modification of oxygen activity in layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Nat. Commun. 7, 12108 (2016).

Amatucci, G. G., Tarascon, J. M. & Klein, L. C. CoO2, the end member of the LixCoO2 solid solution. J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 1114–1123 (1996).

Van der Ven, A., Aydinol, M. K., Ceder, G., Kresse, G. & Hafner, J. First-principles investigation of phase stability in LixCoO2. Phys. Rev. B 58, 2975–2987 (1998).

Mizushima, K., Jones, P., Wiseman, P. & Goodenough, J. B. LixCoO2 (0<x<–1): A new cathode material for batteries of high energy density. Mater. Res. Bull. 15, 783–789 (1980).

Whittingham, M. S. Lithium batteries and cathode materials. Chem. Rev. 104, 4271–4301 (2004).

Shim, J. H., Lee, S. & Park, S. S. Effects of MgO coating on the structural and electrochemical characteristics of LiCoO2 as cathode materials for lithium ion battery. Chem. Mater. 26, 2537–2543 (2014).

Kannan, A. M., Rabenberg, L. & Manthiram, A. High capacity surface-modified LiCoO2 cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 6, A16–A18 (2003).

Chen, Z. & Dahn, J. R. Improving the capacity retention of LiCoO2 cycled to 4.5V by heat-treatment. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 7, A11–A14 (2004).

Shim, J.-H., Lee, J., Han, S. Y. & Lee, S. Synergistic effects of coating and doping for lithium ion battery cathode materials: synthesis and characterization of lithium titanate-coated LiCoO2 with Mg doping. Electrochim. Acta 186, 201–208 (2015).

Levasseur, S., Ménétrier, M. & Delmas, C. On the LixCo1−yMgyO2 system upon deintercalation: electrochemical, electronic properties and 7Li MAS NMR studies. J. Power Sources 112, 419–427 (2002).

Nobili, F. et al. Sol–gel synthesis and electrochemical characterization of Mg-/Zr-doped LiCoO2 cathodes for Li-ion batteries. J. Power Sources 197, 276–284 (2012).

Kim, H.-S., Ko, T.-K., Na, B.-K., Cho, W. I. & Chao, B. W. Electrochemical properties of LiMxCo1−xO2 [M = Mg, Zr] prepared by sol–gel process. J. Power Sources 138, 232–239 (2004).

Jang, Y.-I. et al. Synthesis and characterization of LiAlyCo1−yO2 and LiAlyNi1−yO2. J. Power Sources 81–82, 589–593 (1999).

Ceder, G. et al. Identification of cathode materials for lithium batteries guided by first-principles calculations. Nature 392, 694–696 (1998).

Adipranoto, D. S. et al. Neutron diffraction studies on structural effect for Ni-doping in LiCo1−xNixO2. Solid State Ion. 262, 92–97 (2014).

Alcántara, R. et al. X-ray diffraction, 57Fe Mössbauer and step potential electrochemical spectroscopy study of LiFeyCo1−yO2 compounds. J. Power Sources 81–82, 547–553 (1999).

Madhavi, S., Subba Rao, G. V., Chowdari, B. V. R. & Li, S. F. Y. Effect of Cr dopant on the cathodic behavior of LiCoO2. Electrochim. Acta 48, 219–226 (2002).

Stoyanova, R., Zhecheva, E. & Zarkova, L. Effect of Mn-substitution for Co on the crystal structure and acid delithiation of LiMnyCo1−yO2 solid solutions. Solid State Ion. 73, 233–240 (1994).

Gopukumar, S., Jeong, Y. & Kim, K. B. Synthesis and electrochemical performance of tetravalent doped LiCoO2 in lithium rechargeable cells. Solid State Ion. 159, 223–232 (2003).

Sun, Y. K., Han, J. M., Myung, S. T., Lee, S. W. & Amine, K. Significant improvement of high voltage cycling behavior AlF3-coated LiCoO2 cathode. Electrochem. Commun. 8, 821–826 (2006).

Markevich, E., Salitra, G. & Aurbach, D. Influence of the PVdF binder on the stability of LiCoO2 electrodes. Electrochem. Commun. 7, 1298–1304 (2005).

Reimers, J. N. & Dahn, J. Electrochemical and in situ X-ray diffraction studies of lithium intercalation in LixCoO2. J. Electrochem. Soc. 139, 2091–2097 (1992).

Chen, Z., Lu, Z. & Dahn, J. R. Staging phase transitions in LixCoO2. J. Electrochem. Soc. 149, A1604–A1609 (2002).

Wolverton, C. & Zunger, A. First-principles prediction of vacancy order-disorder and intercalation battery voltages in LixCoO2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 606 (1998).

Xia, H., Lu, L., Meng, S. Y. & Ceder, G. Phase transitions and high-voltage electrochemical behavior of LiCoO2 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition. J. Electrochem. Soc. 154, A337–A342 (2007).

Malik, R., Zhou, F. & Ceder, G. Kinetics of non-equilibrium lithium incorporation in LiFePO4. Nat. Mater. 10, 587–590 (2011).

Yin, R.-Z. et al. In situ XRD investigation and thermal properties of Mg doped LiCoO2 for lithium ion batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 159, A253–A258 (2012).

Amatucci, G. G., Tarascon, J. M. & Klein, L. C. Cobalt dissolution in LiCoO2-based non-aqueous rechargeable batteries. Solid State Ion. 83, 167–173 (1996).