Antimicrobial effects of o-cymen-5-ol and zinc, alone & in combination in simple solutions and toothpaste formulations

International Dental Journal - Tập 61 - Trang 33-40 - 2011
Robert L. Pizzey1, Robert E. Marquis2, David J. Bradshaw1
1GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, Weybridge, UK
2University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, USA.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Könönen, 2000, Development of oral bacterial flora in young children, Ann Med, 32, 107, 10.3109/07853890009011759 Aas, 2005, Defining the normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity, J Clin Microbiol, 43, 5721, 10.1128/JCM.43.11.5721-5732.2005 Keijser, 2008, Pyrosequencing analysis of the oral microflora of healthy adults, J Dent Res, 87, 1016, 10.1177/154405910808701104 Papaioannou, 2009, The microbiota on different oral surfaces in healthy children, Oral Microbiol Immunol, 24, 183, 10.1111/j.1399-302X.2008.00493.x Mager, 2003, Effects of periodontitis and smoking on the microbiota of oral mucous membranes and saliva in systemically healthy subjects, J Clin Periodontol, 30, 1031, 10.1046/j.0303-6979.2003.00418.x Marsh, 1989, Host defenses and microbial homeostasis: role of microbial interactions, J Dent Res, 68, 1567 Marsh, 2006, The oral microflora--friend or foe? Can we decide?, Int Dent J, 56, 233, 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2006.tb00107.x Bradshaw, 1994, Metabolic cooperation in oral microbial communities during growth on mucin, Microbiology, 140, 3407, 10.1099/13500872-140-12-3407 Carlsson, 1997, Bacterial metabolism in dental biofilms, Adv Dent Res, 11, 75, 10.1177/08959374970110012001 van der Hoeven, 1990, Utilization of mucin by oral Streptococcus species, Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 57, 165, 10.1007/BF00403951 Wei, 1999, Proteolysis and utilization of albumin by enrichment cultures of subgingival microbiota, Oral Microbiol Immunol, 14, 348, 10.1034/j.1399-302X.1999.140603.x Dreizen, 1984, Oral candidiasis, Am J, Med, 77, 28 Soysa, 2008, Antimicrobials as a contributory factor in oral candidosis – a brief overview, Oral Dis, 14, 138, 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2006.01357.x Gustafsson, 1954, The Vipeholm dental caries study; the effect of different levels of carbohydrate intake on caries activity in 436 individuals observed for five years, Acta Odontol Scand, 11, 232, 10.3109/00016355308993925 Zero, 2004, Sugars - the arch criminal?, Caries Res, 38, 277, 10.1159/000077767 Banas, 2004, Virulence properties of Streptococcus mutans, Front Biosci, 9, 1267, 10.2741/1305 De Stoppelaar, 1970, The effect of carbohydrate restriction on the presence of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and iodophilic polysaccharide-producing bacteria in human dental plaque, Caries Res, 4, 114, 10.1159/000259633 Dennis, 1975, Variations in microbial and biochemical components of four-day plaque during a four-week controlled diet period, J Dent Res, 54, 716, 10.1177/00220345750540040401 Minah, 1981, Sucrose-induced ecological response of experimental dental plaques from caries-free and caries-susceptible human volunteers, Infect Immun, 34, 662, 10.1128/IAI.34.3.662-675.1981 Staat, 1975, Effects of dietary sucrose levels on the quantity and microbial composition of human dental plaque, J Dent Res, 54, 872, 10.1177/00220345750540042801 Bowden, 1978, Microbial Analyses Related to Caries Susceptibility, 83 Aas, 2008, Bacteria of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children and young adults, J Clin Microbiol, 46, 1407, 10.1128/JCM.01410-07 Takahashi, 2008, Caries ecology revisited: microbial dynamics and the caries process, Caries Res, 42, 409, 10.1159/000159604 Beighton, 2005, The complex oral microflora of high-risk individuals and groups and its role in the caries process, Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 33, 248, 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2005.00232.x Löe, 1965, Experimental gingivitis in man, J Periodontol, 36, 177, 10.1902/jop.1965.36.3.177 Socransky, 1998, Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque, J Clin Periodontol, 25, 134, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x Kumar, 2005, Identification of candidate periodontal pathogens and beneficial species by quantitative 16S clonal analysis, J Clin Microbiol, 43, 3944, 10.1128/JCM.43.8.3944-3955.2005 Wade, 2011, Has the use of molecular methods for the characterization of the human oral microbiome changed our understanding of the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, J Clin Periodontol, 38, 7, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01679.x Kornman, 2008, Mapping the pathogenesis of periodontitis: a new look, J Periodontol, 79, 1560, 10.1902/jop.2008.080213 Lang, 2009, Gingivitis as a risk factor in periodontal disease, J Clin Periodontol, 36, 3, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01415.x Marinho, 2008, Evidence-based effectiveness of topical fluorides, Adv Dent Res, 20, 3, 10.1177/154407370802000102 ten Cate, 1999, Current concepts on the theories of the mechanism of action of fluoride, Acta Odontol Scand, 57, 325, 10.1080/000163599428562 Marquis, 2003, Fluoride and organic weak acids as modulators of microbial physiology, FEMS Microbiol Rev, 26, 493, 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2003.tb00627.x Ohrn, 2009, Prevention and therapeutic approaches to gingival inflammation, J Clin Periodontol, 36, 20, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01418.x Hull, 1980, Chemical inhibition of plaque, J Clin Periodontol, 7, 431, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1980.tb02150.x Kornman, 1986, The role of supragingival plaque in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. A review of current concepts, J Clin Periodontol, 21, 5 Marsh, 1992, Microbiological aspects of the chemical control of plaque and gingivitis, J Dent Res, 71, 1431, 10.1177/00220345920710071501 Brading, 2003, The oral environment: the challenge for antimicrobials in oral care products, Int Dent J, 53, 353, 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2003.tb00910.x Stephen, 1990, Control of gingivitis and calculus by a dentifrice containing a zinc salt and triclosan, J Periodontol, 61, 674, 10.1902/jop.1990.61.11.674 Garcia-Godoy, 1990, Effect of a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride dentifrice on plaque formation and gingivitis: a 7-month clinical study, Am J Dent, 3, S15 FDA. Triclosan: What Consumers Should Know. http://www.fda.gov/forconsumers/consumerupdates/ucm205999.htm. 2011 Perlich, 1995, The clinical effect of a stabilized stannous fluoride dentifrice on plaque formation, gingivitis and gingival bleeding: a six-month study, J Clin Dent, 6, 54 2003, 21 CFR Part 356 [Docket No. 81N–033P] RIN 0910–AA01 Oral Health Care Drug Products for Over-the-Counter Human Use; Antigingivitis/Antiplaque Drug Products; Establishment of a Monograph, Federal Register, 68, 2231 Celho, 2000, Essential oils in an antiplaque and antigingivitis dentifrice: a 6-month study, Am J Dent, 13, 5C Phan, 2004, Physiologic actions of zinc related to inhibition of acid and alkali production by oral streptococci in suspensions and biofilms, Oral Microbiol Immunol, 19, 31, 10.1046/j.0902-0055.2003.00109.x Sheng, 2005, Multi-target antimicrobial actions of zinc against oral anaerobes, Arch Oral Biol, 50, 747, 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2005.01.003 Young, 2001, Effects of metal salts on the oral production of volatile sulfur-containing compounds (VSC), J Clin Periodontol, 28, 776, 10.1034/j.1600-051X.2001.280809.x Newby, 2008, Control of oral malodour by dentifrices measured by gas chromatography, Arch Oral Biol, 53, S19, 10.1016/S0003-9969(08)70005-0 Burnett, 2011, In vitro effects of novel toothpaste actives on components of oral malodour, Int Dent J, 61, 67, 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2011.00052.x 1999, Methods for Determining Bactericidal Activity of Antimicrobial Agents; Approved Guideline M26A, Approved Guideline, 19, 11 Odds, 2003, Synergy, antagonism, and what the chequerboard puts between them, J Antimicrob Chemother, 52, 1, 10.1093/jac/dkg301 Johnson, 2004, Combination antifungal therapy, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 48, 693, 10.1128/AAC.48.3.693-715.2004 European Committee for Standardisation. European standard EN 1276. Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics. Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics used in food, industrial, domestic, and industrial areas. Test method and requirements (phase 2, step 1). European Committee for Standardisation 1997. Percival, 1999, Effect of temperature on growth, hemagglutination, and protease activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Infect Immun, 67, 1917, 10.1128/IAI.67.4.1917-1921.1999 Fakhry-Smith, 1997, Clearance of sodium lauryl sulphate from the oral cavity, J Clin Periodontol, 24, 313, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00763.x Cummins, 1992, Delivery of antiplaque agents from dentifrices, gels, and mouthwashes, J Dent Res, 71, 1439, 10.1177/00220345920710071601 Marsh, 2003, Plaque as a biofilm: pharmacological principles of drug delivery and action in the sub- and supragingival environment, Oral Dis, 9, 16, 10.1034/j.1601-0825.9.s1.4.x Marsh, 2010, Controlling the oral biofilm with antimicrobials, J Dent, 38, S11, 10.1016/S0300-5712(10)70005-1 Kakar, 2011, A randomised clinical trial to assess maintenance of gingival health by a novel dentifrice containing 0.1%w/w o-cymen-5-ol and 0.6%w/w zinc chloride, Int Dent J, 61, 13, 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2011.00044.x Kakar, 2011, A randomised clinical trial to assess maintenance of gingival health by a novel gel to foam dentifrice containing 0.1%w/w o-cymen-5-ol, 0.6%w/w zinc chloride, Int Dent J, 61, 21, 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2011.00045.x