Antimelanogenic potential of brewer's spent grain extract through modulation of the MAPK/MITF axis

Mussatto, 2014, Brewer’s spent grain: a valuable feedstock for industrial applications, J. Sci. Food Agric., 94, 1264, 10.1002/jsfa.6486 Mussatto, 2006, Brewers’ spent grain: generation, characteristics and potential applications, J. Cereal Sci., 43, 1, 10.1016/j.jcs.2005.06.001 McCarthy, 2013, The hydroxycinnamic acid content of barley and brewers’ spent grain (BSG) and the potential to incorporate phenolic extracts of BSG as antioxidants into fruit beverages, Food Chem., 141, 2567, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.048 McCarthy, 2013, In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of brewers’ spent grain protein rich isolate and its associated hydrolysates, Food Res. Int., 50, 205, 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.10.022 Yang, 2001, Inhibition of carcinogenesis by dietary polyphenolic compounds, Annu. Rev. Nutr., 21, 381, 10.1146/annurev.nutr.21.1.381 Taofiq, 2017, Hydroxycinnamic acids and their derivatives: cosmeceutical significance, challenges and future perspectives, a review, Molecules, 22, 10.3390/molecules22020281 Brenner, 2008, The protective role of melanin against UV damage in human skin, Photochem. Photobiol., 84, 539, 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00226.x Slominski, 2004, Melanin pigmentation in mammalian skin and its hormonal regulation, Physiol. Rev., 84, 1155, 10.1152/physrev.00044.2003 Bonaventure, 2013, Cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling the migration of melanocytes and melanoma cells, Pigment Cell Melanoma Res., 26, 316, 10.1111/pcmr.12080 Hushcha, 2021, microRNAs in the regulation of melanogenesis, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22, 10.3390/ijms22116104 Hwang, 2007, Inhibitory effects of plant extracts on tyrosinase, L-DOPA oxidation, and melanin synthesis, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A, 70, 393, 10.1080/10937400600882871 Arora, 2021, Involvement of adenylate cyclase/cAMP/CREB and SOX9/MITF in melanogenesis to prevent vitiligo, Mol. Cell. Biochem., 476, 1401, 10.1007/s11010-020-04000-5 Wu, 2000, C-kit triggers dual phosphorylations, which couple activation and degradation of the essential melanocyte factor Mi, Genes Dev., 14, 301, 10.1101/gad.14.3.301 Kim, 2003, Sphingosine-1-phosphate decreases melanin synthesis via sustained ERK activation and subsequent MITF degradation, J. Cell Sci., 116, 1699, 10.1242/jcs.00366 Choi, 2022, Decursin prevents melanogenesis by suppressing MITF expression through the regulation of PKA/CREB, MAPKs, and PI3K/Akt/GSK-3beta cascades, Biomed. Pharmacother., 147, 112651, 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112651 Kim, 2020, JNK suppresses melanogenesis by interfering with CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3-dependent MITF expression, Theranostics, 10, 4017, 10.7150/thno.41502 Pellegrini, 1999, Screening of dietary carotenoids and carotenoid-rich fruit extracts for antioxidant activities applying 2,2 '-azinobis(3-ethylenebenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid radical cation decolorization assay, Oxidants Antioxid. Pt A, 299, 379, 10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99037-7 Kim, 2015, Ginsenoside F1 attenuates hyperpigmentation in B16F10 melanoma cells by inducing dendrite retraction and activating rho signalling, Exp. Dermatol., 24, 150, 10.1111/exd.12586 Su, 2013, Inhibition of Melanogenesis by Gallic acid: possible involvement of the PI3K/Akt, MEK/ERK and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in B16F10 cells, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 14, 20443, 10.3390/ijms141020443 Lee, 2020, Anti-melanogenic effects of extracellular vesicles derived from plant leaves and stems in mouse melanoma cells and human healthy skin, J. Extracell Vesicles, 9, 1703480, 10.1080/20013078.2019.1703480 Kim, 2019, Amino acids disrupt calcium-dependent adhesion of stratum corneum, PLoS One, 14, 10.1371/journal.pone.0215244 Francisco, 2009, Development of a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) procedure for the simultaneous determination of phenolic compounds in peanut skin extracts, Food Chem., 117, 356, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.03.110 Quifer-Rada, 2015, A comprehensive characterisation of beer polyphenols by high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS), Food Chem., 169, 336, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.154 Jo, 2022, By-product of Korean liquor fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibits skin whitening activity, Food Sci. Biotechnol., 31, 587, 10.1007/s10068-022-01062-7 Chung, 2019, Quantitative analysis of melanin content in a three-dimensional melanoma cell culture, Sci. Rep., 9, 780, 10.1038/s41598-018-37055-y MacRae, 2015, Zebrafish as tools for drug discovery, Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 14, 721, 10.1038/nrd4627 Sugimoto, 2004, Inhibitory effects of alpha-arbutin on melanin synthesis in cultured human melanoma cells and a three-dimensional human skin model, Biol. Pharm. Bull., 27, 510, 10.1248/bpb.27.510 Ikram, 2020, Recovery of major phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of highland barley brewer's spent grains extracts, J. Food Process. Preserv., 44, 10.1111/jfpp.14308 Zainal Arifin, 2023, Utilization of food waste and by-products in the fabrication of active and intelligent packaging for seafood and meat products, Foods, 12, 10.3390/foods12030456 Peng, 2023, Recycling municipal, agricultural and industrial waste into energy, fertilizers, food and construction materials, and economic feasibility: a review, Environ. Chem. Lett., 21, 10.1007/s10311-022-01551-5 Klimek, 2017, Utilizing brewer’s-spent-grain in wood-based particleboard manufacturing, J. Clean. Prod., 141, 812, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.09.152 San Martin, 2020, Brewers’ spent yeast and grain protein hydrolysates as second-generation feedstuff for aquaculture feed, Waste Biomass Valoriz, 11, 5307, 10.1007/s12649-020-01145-8 Amoriello, 2020, Technological properties and consumer acceptability of bakery products enriched with brewers' spent grains, Foods, 9, 10.3390/foods9101492 Ferreira, 2023, Anti-melanogenic potential of natural and synthetic substances: application in zebrafish model, Molecules, 28, 10.3390/molecules28031053 Camp, 2001, Tyrosinase gene expression in zebrafish embryos, Dev. Genes Evol., 211, 150, 10.1007/s004270000125 Gulzar, 2023, Expression of defense genes and free radical scavenging on pre supplementation of silicon to Alternaria solani inoculated Lycopersicon esculentum plants, Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol., 123, 10.1016/j.pmpp.2022.101929 Huang, 2014, Supercritical fluid extract of Lycium chinense miller root inhibition of melanin production and its potential mechanisms of action, BMC Complement. Altern. Med., 14, 10.1186/1472-6882-14-208 Chan, 2014, Fermented broth in tyrosinase- and melanogenesis inhibition, Molecules, 19, 13122, 10.3390/molecules190913122 Mitsunaga, 2015, Effect of quercetin derivatives on melanogenesis stimulation of melanoma cells, J. Wood Sci., 61, 351, 10.1007/s10086-015-1476-9 Karg, 1993, Hydrogen peroxide as an inducer of elevated tyrosinase level in melanoma cells, J. Invest. Dermatol., 100, 209S, 10.1038/jid.1993.78 Lee, 2015, Hesperidin, a popular antioxidant inhibits Melanogenesis via Erk1/2 mediated MITF degradation, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 16, 18384, 10.3390/ijms160818384 Kim, 2014, Mitochondrial dynamics regulate melanogenesis through proteasomal degradation of MITF via ROS-ERK activation, Pigment Cell Melanoma Res., 27, 1051, 10.1111/pcmr.12298 Ko, 2019, H2O2 promotes the aging process of melanogenesis through modulation of MITF and Nrf2, Mol. Biol. Rep., 46, 2461, 10.1007/s11033-019-04708-8 Bardaweel, 2018, Reactive oxygen species: the dual role in physiological and pathological conditions of the human body, Eurasian J. Med., 50, 193, 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.17397 Kim, 2018, Effect of 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose on alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis in human melanocytes and a skin-equivalent model, J. Cell. Biochem., 119, 7643, 10.1002/jcb.27112 Maeda, 1996, Arbutin: mechanism of its depigmenting action in human melanocyte culture, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 276, 765 Lister, 2002, Development of pigment cells in the zebrafish embryo, Microsc. Res. Tech., 58, 435, 10.1002/jemt.10161 Jeon, 2023, Antimelanogenic effects of curcumin and its dimethoxy derivatives: mechanistic investigation using B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos, Foods, 12(5) Kimmel, 1995, Stages of embryonic development of the zebrafish, Dev. Dyn., 203, 253, 10.1002/aja.1002030302 Yoon, 2015, Differential effects of Methoxylated p-Coumaric Acids on melanoma in B16/F10 cells, Prev. Nutr. Food Sci., 20, 73, 10.3746/pnf.2015.20.1.73