Anti-inflammatory effect of oleuropein on microglia through regulation of Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission

Arthur, 2013, Mitogen-activated protein kinases in innate immunity, Nat. Rev. Immunol., 13, 679, 10.1038/nri3495 Barbaro, 2014, Effects of the olive-derived polyphenol oleuropein on human health, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 15, 18508, 10.3390/ijms151018508 BK, 2001 Blasi, 1990, Immortalization of murine microglial cells by a v-raf/v-myc carrying retrovirus, J. Neuroimmunol., 27, 229, 10.1016/0165-5728(90)90073-V Block, 2007, Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 8, 57, 10.1038/nrn2038 Cereghetti, 2008, Dephosphorylation by calcineurin regulates translocation of Drp1 to mitochondria, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 105, 15803, 10.1073/pnas.0808249105 Cribbs, 2007, Reversible phosphorylation of Drp1 by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and calcineurin regulates mitochondrial fission and cell death, EMBO Rep., 8, 939, 10.1038/sj.embor.7401062 Distelmaier, 2012, Trolox-sensitive reactive oxygen species regulate mitochondrial morphology, oxidative phosphorylation and cytosolic calcium handling in healthy cells, Antioxid. Redox Signal., 17, 1657, 10.1089/ars.2011.4294 Echeverria, 2009, Sorafenib inhibits nuclear factor kappa B, decreases inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and restores working memory in APPswe mice, Neuroscience, 162, 1220, 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.05.019 Gehrmann, 1995, Microglia: intrinsic immuneffector cell of the brain, Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev., 20, 269, 10.1016/0165-0173(94)00015-H Gonzalez-Scarano, 1999, Microglia as mediators of inflammatory and degenerative diseases, Annu. Rev. Neurosci., 22, 219, 10.1146/annurev.neuro.22.1.219 Guo, 2015, Protective role of PGC-1alpha in diabetic nephropathy is associated with the inhibition of ROS through mitochondrial dynamic remodeling, PLoS One, 10 Hayden, 2011, NF-kappaB in immunobiology, Cell Res., 21, 223, 10.1038/cr.2011.13 Hoang, 2009, Neuronal NOS and cyclooxygenase-2 contribute to DNA damage in a mouse model of Parkinson disease, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 47, 1049, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.07.013 Hoffmann, 2003, Elevation of basal intracellular calcium as a central element in the activation of brain macrophages (microglia): suppression of receptor-evoked calcium signaling and control of release function, J. Neurosci., 23, 4410, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-11-04410.2003 Hu, 2014, Subneurotoxic copper(II)-induced NF-kappaB-dependent microglial activation is associated with mitochondrial ROS, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 276, 95, 10.1016/j.taap.2014.01.020 Jacobs, 1998, Structure of an IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB complex, Cell, 95, 749, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81698-0 Kim, 1999, In vitro inducible nitric oxide synthesis inhibitory active constituents from Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Planta Med., 65, 656, 10.1055/s-2006-960840 Kim, 2004, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin mediates the expression of iNOS through IKK and NF-kappaB activity in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 314, 695, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.153 Kim, 2009, Desmethylanhydroicaritin inhibits NF-kappaB-regulated inflammatory gene expression by modulating the redox-sensitive PI3K/PTEN/Akt pathway, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 602, 422, 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.10.062 Kim, 2010, Real-time in vivo bioluminescence imaging of lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer in mouse testis, Theriogenology, 73, 129, 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.07.028 Knott, 2008, Mitochondrial fragmentation in neurodegeneration, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 9, 505, 10.1038/nrn2417 Kreutzberg, 1995, Microglia, the first line of defence in brain pathologies, Arzneimittelforschung, 45, 357 Liesa, 2009, Mitochondrial dynamics in mammalian health and disease, Physiol. Rev., 89, 799, 10.1152/physrev.00030.2008 Marchetti, 2015, Oleuropein-enriched olive leaf extract affects calcium dynamics and impairs viability of malignant mesothelioma cells, Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., 2015, 908493, 10.1155/2015/908493 Omar, 2010, Oleuropein in olive and its pharmacological effects, Sci. Pharm., 78, 133, 10.3797/scipharm.0912-18 Park, 2013, Mitochondrial dynamics modulate the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in microglial cells, J. Neurochem., 127, 221, 10.1111/jnc.12361 Park, 2015, Mitochondrial ROS govern the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory response in microglia cells by regulating MAPK and NF-kappaB pathways, Neurosci. Lett., 584, 191, 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.10.016 Park, 2016, Peroxiredoxin 5 (Prx5) decreases LPS-induced microglial activation through regulation of Ca2+/calcineurin-Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 99, 392, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.08.030 Pawate, 2004, Redox regulation of glial inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide and interferongamma, J. Neurosci. Res., 77, 540, 10.1002/jnr.20180 Perry, 2010, Microglia in neurodegenerative disease, Nat. Rev. Neurol., 6, 193, 10.1038/nrneurol.2010.17 Ransohoff, 2009, Microglial physiology: unique stimuli, specialized responses, Annu. Rev. Immunol., 27, 119, 10.1146/annurev.immunol.021908.132528 Romero, 2016, Antihypertensive effects of oleuropein-enriched olive leaf extract in spontaneously hypertensive rats, Food Funct., 7, 584, 10.1039/C5FO01101A Roth, 2014, Dynamin related protein 1-dependent mitochondrial fission regulates oxidative signalling in T cells, FEBS Lett., 588, 1749, 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.03.029 Sanmartin, 2012, The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine prevents the mitochondrial fragmentation induced by soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers, Neurodegener. Dis., 10, 34, 10.1159/000334901 Sudjana, 2009, Antimicrobial activity of commercial Olea europaea (olive) leaf extract, Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 33, 461, 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.10.026 Takenaka, 2000, Secoiridoid glucosides from Fraxinus americana, Phytochemistry, 55, 275, 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)00319-8 Torres, 2003, Mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in redox signaling, Front. Biosci., 8, d369, 10.2741/999 Verma, 1995, Rel/NF-kappa B/I kappa B family: intimate tales of association and dissociation, Genes Dev., 9, 2723, 10.1101/gad.9.22.2723 Vijitruth, 2006, Cyclooxygenase-2 mediates microglial activation and secondary dopaminergic cell death in the mouse MPTP model of Parkinson's disease, J. Neuroinflammation, 3, 6, 10.1186/1742-2094-3-6 Visioli, 2002, Biological properties of olive oil phytochemicals, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 42, 209, 10.1080/10408690290825529 Ye, 2015, Carboxylic acid fullerene (C60) derivatives attenuated neuroinflammatory responses by modulating mitochondrial dynamics, Nanoscale Res. Lett., 10, 953, 10.1186/s11671-015-0953-9 Zare, 2012, Oleuropein, chief constituent of olive leaf extract, prevents the development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance through inhibition of morphine-induced L-type calcium channel overexpression, Phytother. Res., 26, 1731, 10.1002/ptr.4634