Ant chromosomes I. — The genusFormica
Tóm tắt
Chromosome numbers of 14 species and mitotic chromosomes of 12 species of the genusFormica are presented. Six species of the subgenusServiformica have 54 chromosomes in the diploid set, one species has 52 chromosomes. Seven species of the subgeneraFormica, Coptoformica, andRaptiformica have 52 chromosomes in the diploid set. The range of lengths of the chromosomes is (for all species) between about 0.7 and 1.5 μ. Most of the chromosomes are medio- or submediocentric. In four species, the amount of DNA per nucleus was determined by Feulgen measurements. Four different values were obtained, the highest inFormica (Raptiformica) sanguinea, medium values inFormica (Formica) polyctena andFormica (Formica) lugubris (these two species have similar amounts of DNA), and the lowest value inFormica (Serviformica) fusca. Together with morphological and ecological results, our data indicate that the subgenusServiformica is well-separated from the other three subgenera and is the most primitive one. The comparison of the chromosome numbers and the DNA amounts per nucleus in the genusFormica and betweenFormica andLasius show once more that these two characters can evolve independently.
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