Analysis of Cytokinin Mutants and Regulation of Cytokinin Metabolic Genes Reveals Important Regulatory Roles of Cytokinins in Drought, Salt and Abscisic Acid Responses, and Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis

Plant Cell - Tập 23 Số 6 - Trang 2169-2183 - 2011
Rie Nishiyama1, Yasuko Watanabe1, Yasunari Fujita2, Dung Tien Le1, Mikiko Kojima1, Tomás̆ Werner3, Radomı́ra Vaňková4, Kazuo Shinozaki2, Tatsuo Kakimoto5, Hitoshi Sakakibara1, Thomas Schmülling3, Lam‐Son Phan Tran1
1RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
2Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
3Institute of Biology/Applied Genetics, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
4Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-16502 Prague, Czech Republic
5Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan

Tóm tắt

Abstract Cytokinins (CKs) regulate plant growth and development via a complex network of CK signaling. Here, we perform functional analyses with CK-deficient plants to provide direct evidence that CKs negatively regulate salt and drought stress signaling. All CK-deficient plants with reduced levels of various CKs exhibited a strong stress-tolerant phenotype that was associated with increased cell membrane integrity and abscisic acid (ABA) hypersensitivity rather than stomatal density and ABA-mediated stomatal closure. Expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana ISOPENTENYL-TRANSFERASE genes involved in the biosynthesis of bioactive CKs and the majority of the Arabidopsis CYTOKININ OXIDASES/DEHYDROGENASES genes was repressed by stress and ABA treatments, leading to a decrease in biologically active CK contents. These results demonstrate a novel mechanism for survival under abiotic stress conditions via the homeostatic regulation of steady state CK levels. Additionally, under normal conditions, although CK deficiency increased the sensitivity of plants to exogenous ABA, it caused a downregulation of key ABA biosynthetic genes, leading to a significant reduction in endogenous ABA levels in CK-deficient plants relative to the wild type. Taken together, this study provides direct evidence that mutual regulation mechanisms exist between the CK and ABA metabolism and signals underlying different processes regulating plant adaptation to stressors as well as plant growth and development.

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Plant Cell

Tập 23 Số 6

2169-2183

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