Phân tích bảng kiểm kê rừng quốc gia hiện tại của Ấn Độ để thu thập thông tin về đa dạng sinh học

Biodiversity and Conservation - Tập 27 - Trang 3049-3069 - 2018
Arun Kumar Thakur1, Rajesh Kumar1, Raj Kumar Verma2
1Forest Survey of India, Kaulagarh, India
2Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla, India

Tóm tắt

Nghiên cứu này cố gắng xem xét các tham số liên quan đến đa dạng sinh học đã được định hình trong bảng kiểm kê rừng quốc gia (NFI) hiện tại của Ấn Độ so với các tham số được sử dụng trên toàn thế giới như là chỉ số của đa dạng sinh học rừng. Nghiên cứu cho thấy có một số lượng lớn các tham số liên quan đến đa dạng sinh học được cung cấp, bao phủ các thuộc tính cấu trúc của đa dạng sinh học, thành phần loài cây và các thuộc tính chức năng quan trọng khác như gỗ chết và mùn. Mặc dù áp dụng theo cách tiếp cận dựa trên gỗ, vẫn tồn tại một số biến số có thể được sử dụng để thảo luận về các khía cạnh đa dạng sinh học của rừng Ấn Độ. Tuy nhiên, sự so sánh với các tham số được tìm thấy trong tài liệu cho thấy khả năng cải thiện vẫn còn tồn tại trong khả năng của NFI hiện tại để đóng góp cho việc tài liệu hóa và quản lý đa dạng sinh học. Phân tích khoảng trống của chúng tôi chỉ ra rằng việc nâng cao khả năng của NFI hiện tại để tạo ra thông tin tổng thể về đa dạng sinh học là cần thiết một cách khẩn thiết nhằm bảo vệ và bảo tồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên của Ấn Độ.

Từ khóa

#đa dạng sinh học #kiểm kê rừng #Ấn Độ #thông tin đa dạng sinh học #tài nguyên thiên nhiên

Tài liệu tham khảo

AHTEG. 2011. Report of the Ad Hoc technical expert group on indicators for the strategic plan for biodiversity 2011–2020. Technical report, High Wycombe Andrew EE, Kinge TR, Tabi EM, Thiobal N, Mih AM (2013) Diversity and distribution of macrofungi (mushrooms) in the Mount Cameroon region. J Environ Microbiol 3:318–334 Aslan A, Çiçek A, Yazici K, Karagöz Y, Turan M, Akkus F, Yildirim OS (2011) The assessment of lichens as bioindicator of heavy metal pollution from motor vehicles. Afr J Agric Res 6(7):1698–1706 Barford CC, Steven C, Wofsy SC, Goulden ML, Munger JW, Pyle EH, Urbanski SP, Hutyra L, Saleska SR, Fitzjarrald D, Moore K (2001) Factors controlling long- and short-term sequestration of atmospheric CO2 in a mid-latitude forest. Science 294:1688–1691. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1062962 Barrett TM, Gray AN (2010) Potential of a national monitoring program for forests to assess change in high-latitude ecosystems. Biol Conserv 144:1285–1294 Barthlott W, Lauer W, Placke A (1996) Global distribution of species diversity in vascular plants: towards a world map of phytodiversity. Erdkunde 50(4):317–328. https://doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.1996.04.03 Barthlott W, Mutke J, Rafiqpoor MD, Kier G, Kreft H (2005) Global centres of vascular plant diversity. Nova Acta Leopold 92:61–83 Bell FW, Dacosta J, Larocque GR (2016) Considering forest biodiversity indicators within a pressure, state, benefit, and response framework. In: Larocque GR (ed) Ecological forest management handbook. CRC Press, New York, pp 337–350 BIP (2010) Biodiversity indicators and the 2010 target: experiences and lessons learnt from the 2010 biodiversity indicators partnership. Technical report 53. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal Brack CL (2007) National forest inventories and biodiversity monitoring in Australia. Plant Biosyst 141(1):104–112 Bryant GL, Dundas SJ, Fleming PA (2012) Tree hollows are of conservation importance for a near-threatened python species. J Zool 286:81–92 BSI (2016) Botanical survey of India. http://bsienvis.nic.in/KidsCentre/What%20is%20Floral%20Diversity_3933.aspx. Accessed 25 Aug 2016 Butchart SHM, Walpole M, Collen B (2010) Global biodiversity: indicators of recent declines. Science 328(5982):1164–1168 CBD (2008) Convention on Biological Diversity. What is forest biological diversity? http://www.cbd.int/forest/what.shtml. Accessed 25 Aug 2016 Chirici G, Winter S, McRoberts RE (eds) (2011) National forest inventories: contributions to forest biodiversity assessments. Springer, Berlin and Heidelberg Corona P, Chirici G, McRoberts RE, Winter S, Barbati A (2011) Contribution of large-scale forest inventories to biodiversity assessment. For Ecol Manage 262:2061–2069 Dewalt SJ, Schnitzer SA, Chave J, Bongers F, Burnham RJ, Cai Z, Chuyong G, Clark DB, Ewango CEN, Gerwing JJ, Gortaire E, Hart T, Ibarra-Manriquez G, Ickes K, Kenfack D, Macia MJ, Makana JR, Martinez-Ramos M, Mascaro J, Moses S, Muller-Landau HC, Parren MPE, Parthasarathy N, Perez-Salicrup DR, Putz FE, Rumero-Saltos H, Thomas D (2010) Annual rainfall and seasonality predict pan-tropical patterns of liana density and basal area. Biotropica 42:309–317 EEA (2007) Halting the loss of biodiversity by 2010: proposal for a first set of indicators to monitor progress in Europe. Technical report. 11. European Environment Agency, Copenhagen Eilu G, Obua J (2005) Tree condition and natural regeneration in disturbed sites of Bwindi impenetrable forest National Park, Southwestern Uganda. Trop Ecol 46:99–111 FAO (2007) World bamboo resources. World Bamboo Resources, Rome FAO (2011) Assessing forest degradation—towards the development of globally applicable guidelines. Forest Resources Assessment. Working Paper 177, Rome Feld CK, da Silva PM, Sousa JP (2009) Indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem services: a synthesis across ecosystems and spatial scales. Oikos 118(12):1862–1871 Franklin JF, Cromack KJ, Denison, W, Mckee A, Maser C, Sedell J, Swanson F and Juday G (1981) Ecological characteristics of old-growth Douglas-fir forests. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report PNW-1 18. Portland. 48 pp FSI (2011a) Forest survey of India: India state of forest report 2011. FSI, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, Dehradun FSI (2011b) Atlas forest types of India. Forest survey of India (MoEF) FSI (2015) Forest survey of India: India state of forest report 2015. FSI, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, Dehradun Gao T, Nielsen AB, Hedblo M (2015) Reviewing the strength of evidence of biodiversity for forest ecosystem in Europe. Ecol Ind 57:420–434 GBO3 (2010) Global biodiversity outlook 3. Secretariat of the convention on biological diversity (2010) Global biodiversity outlook 3. Montréal, 94 pages GBO4 (2014) Global biodiversity outlook 4. Secretariat of the convention on biological diversity (2014) Global biodiversity outlook 4. Montréal, 155 pages GEO BON (2017) GEO BON strategy for development of essential biodiversity variables version 2.0. http://geobon.org/Downloads/Other_documents/Essential_Biodiversity_Variable_Strategy_v2.pdf. Accessed on 6 Feb 2016 Humphrey JW, Sippola AL, Lemperiere G, Dobelin B, Alexender KNA, Butler JE (2003) Deadwood as indicator in European forests: from theory to operational guidance. In: EFI Proceedings. Conference “Monitoring and indicators of forest biodiversity in Europe- from ideas to operationality”, Florence, Italy, Novemebr 2003 IIFM (2005) National workshop on refining indicators of Bhopal-India process and implementation strategy of C&I for SFM in India. Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal, p 2005 IUCN (2012). International union for conservation of nature. Red List categories and criteria: version 3.1. 2nd edn. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN. iv + 32 pp Khumbongmayum AD, Khan ML, Tripathi RS (2005) Survival and growth of seedlings of a few tree species in the four sacred groves of Manipur, Northeast India. Curr Sci 88:1781–1788 Kier G, Mutke J, Dinerstein E, Ricketts TH, Küper W, Kreft H, Barthlott W (2005) Global patterns of plant diversity and floristic knowledge. J Biogeogr 32:1107–1116 Kolb TE, Wagner MR, Covington WW (1994) Concepts of forest health: utilitarian and ecosystem perspectives. J Forest 92(7):10–15 Kuldeep S, Bhattacharya P (2015) Lichen as a bio-indicator tool for assessment of climate and air pollution vulnerability: review. 2015. Int Res J Environ Sci 4(12):107–117 Lindenmayer DB (1999) Future directions for biodiversity conservation in managed forests: indicator species, impact studies and monitoring programs. For Ecol Manage 115(2/3):277–287 Lindenmayer DB, Cunningham RB, Tanton MT, Smith AP, Nix HA (1990) The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, southeast Australia: I. Factors influencing the occupancy of trees with hollows. Biol Conserv 54:111–131 Lindenmayer DB, Franklin JF, Fisher J (2006) General management principles and a checklist of strategies to guide forest biodiversity conservation. Biol Conserv 131:433–445 Loetsch F, Haller KE (1964) Forest inventory: statistics of forest inventory and information from aerial photographs, vol 1. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München, p 436 Malik ZA (2014) Phytosociological behaviour, anthropogenic disturbances and regeneration status along an altitudinal gradient in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS) and its adjoining areas. Garhwal, Uttarakhand: PhD thesis HNB Garhwal University Srinagar Malik ZA, Pandey R, Bhatt AB (2016) Anthropogenic disturbances and their impact on vegetation in Western Himalaya, India. J Mt Sci 13:69–82 McElhinny C, Gibbons P, Brack C, Bauhus J (2005) Forest and woodland stand structural complexity, its definition and measurement. For Ecol Manage 218:1–24 Merganič J, Merganičová K, Marušák R, Audolenská V(2012) Plant diversity of Forests. In: Blanco JA (ed) Forest ecosystems-more than just trees. ISBN: 978-953-51-0202-1, InTech. http://www.intechopen.com/books/forest-ecosystems-more-than-just-trees/plant-diversity-of-forests Merganič J, Marušák R, Merganičová K, Stolariková R, Tipmann L (2013) Relation between selected indicators of forest stand diversity and quality of timber production in young stands aged up to 40 years. J For Sci 59(12):503–513 Motz K, Sterba H, Pommerening A (2010) Sampling measures of tree diversity. For Ecol Manage 260:1985–1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.08.046 Naidu MT, Kumar OA (2016) Tree diversity, stand structure, and community composition of tropical forests in Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India. J Asia-Pac Biodivers 9(3):328–334 Newton AC and Kapos V (2002) Biodiversity indicators in national forest. Unasylva 210, Vol. 53 Noss RF (1990) Indicators for monitoring biodiversity: a hierarchical approach. Conserv Biol 4(4):355–364 Noss RF (1999) Assessing and monitoring forest biodiversity: a suggested framework and indicators. For Ecol Manage 115:135–146 Pande HK and Arora S (2014) CBD Fifth National Report © Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. www.cbd.int/doc/world/in/in-nr-05-en.pdf. Accessed 15 Oct 2016 Parthasarathy N, Muthuramkumar S, Muthumperumal C, Vivek P, Ayyappan N, Reddy MS (2015) Liana composition and diversity among tropical forest types of peninsular India. In: Schnitzer SA, Bongers F, Burnham RJ, Putz FE (eds) Ecology of lianas. Wiley, Hoboken Pereira HM, Ferrier S, Walters M (2013) Essential biodiversity variables. Science 339:277–278 Perez-Salicrup DR, Schnitzer S, Putz FE (2004) Community ecology and management of lianas. For Ecol Manage 190:1–2 Pons TL, Helle G (2011) Identification of anatomically non-distinct annual rings in tropical trees using stable isotopes. Trees 25:83–93 Pragasan LA, Parthasarathy N (2005) Litter production and nutrient return in tropical dry deciduous teak forest of Satpura plateu in Central India. Curr Sci 88(8):25 Reddy CS (2008) Catalogue of invasive alien flora of India. Life Sci J 5:84–89 Reddy CS, Jha CS, Dadhwal VK (2013a) Assessment and monitoring of long-term forest cover changes in Odisha, India using remote sensing and GIS. Environ Monit Assess 185:4399–4415 Reddy CS, Sreelekshmi S, Jha CS, Dadhwal VK (2013b) National assessment of forest fragmentation in India: landscape indices as measures of the effects of fragmentation and forest cover change. Ecol Eng 60:453–464 Reddy CS, Khuroo AA, Krishna PH, Saranya KRL, Jha CS, Dadhwal VK (2014) ) Threat evaluation 722 for biodiversity conservation of forest ecosystems using geospatial techniques: a case study. 723. Ecol Eng 69:287–303 Romijn E, Lantican CB, Herold M, Lindquist E, Ochieng R, Wijaya A, Murdiyarso D, Verchot L (2015) Assessing change in national forest monitoring capacities of 99 tropical countries. For Ecol Manage 352:109–123 Roy PS, Kushwaha SPS, Murhty MSR, Roy A, Kushwaha D, Reddy CS, Behera MD, Mathur VB, Padalia H, Saran S, Singh S, Jha CS, Porwal MC (2012) Biodiversity characterisation at landscape level: National Assessment, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Dehradun, India, pp. 140. ISBN 81-901418-8-0 Sabatini FM, Burrascano S, Lombardi SF, Chirici G, Blasi C (2015) An index of structural complexity for Apennine beech forests. iForest 8:314–323 Sarbhoy AK, Agarwal DK, Varshney JL (1996) Fungi of India (1982–1992). CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, p 350 Schnitzer SA, Putz FE, Bongers F, Kroening K (2015) The past, present, and potential future of liana ecology. In: Schnitzer SA, Bongers F, Burnham RJ, Putz FE (eds) Ecology of Lianas. Wiley, Hoboken Seidling W, Travaglini D, Meyer P, Waldner P, Fischer R, Granke O, Chirici G, Corona P (2014) Dead wood and stand structure relationship for forest plots across Europe. Forest 7:269–281 Seppelt RD (1995) Phytogeography of continental Antactic lichens. Lichenologist 27:417–431 Sharma CM, Mishra AK, Prakash O (2014) Assessment of forest structure and woody plant regeneration on ridge tops at upper Bhagirathi Basin in Garhwal Himalaya. Trop Plant Res 1:62–71 Singh S (2005) Pteridophytic flora of central India. PhD Thesis, Dr. Hari Singh Gaur Vishwavidhalaya. Sagar, MP, India. 470003 Singh S, Malik ZA, Sharma CM (2016) Tree species richness, diversity, and regeneration status in different oak (Quercus spp.) dominated forests of Garhwal Himalaya, India. J Asia-Pac Biodivers 9(3):293–300 Spanos KA, Feest A, Petrakis PV, Evangelia N. Daskalokou EN (2010) Salient Points on the assessment of Forest Biodiversity. http://www.globalsciencebooks.info/Online/GSBOnline/images/2010/BBB_4(SI1)/BBB_4(SI1)1-7o.pdf. Accessed 11 Mar 2016 Spurr SH (1952) Forest inventory. Ronald Press, New York, p 476 Staudhammer CL, LeMay VM (2001) Introduction and evaluation of possible indices of stand structural diversity. Can J For Res 31:1105–1115 Sterba H (2008) Diversity indices based on angle count sampling and their interrelationships when used in forest inventories. Forestry 81:587–597 Tewari VP, Kleinn C (2015) Considerations on capacity building for national forest assessments in developing countries—with a case study of India. Int For Rev 17(2):244–254 Tittensor DP, Walpole M, Hill SLL, Boyce DG, Britten GL, Burgess ND, Butchart SHM, Leadley PW, Regan EC, Alkemade R, Baumung R, Bellard C, Bouwman L, Bowles-Newark NJ, Chenery AM, Cheung WWL, Christensen V, Cooper HD, Crowther AR, Dixon MJR, Galli A, Gaveau V, Gregory RD, Gutierrez NL, Hirsch TL, Hoft R, Januchowski-Hartley SR, Karmann M, Krug CB, Leverington FJ, Loh J, Lojenga RK, Malsch K, Marques A, Morgan DHW, Mumby PJ, Newbold T, Noonan-Mooney K, Pagad SN, Parks BC, Pereira HM, Robertson T, Rondinini C, Santini L, Scharlemann JPW, Schindler S, Sumaila UR, Teh LSL, van Kolck J, Visconti P, Ye Y (2014) A mid-term analysis of progress towards international biodiversity targets. Science 8(346):24–244. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1257484 Tkacz B, Riitters K, Percy KE (2013) Forest monitoring methods in the United States and Canada: an overview. In: Ferretti M, Fischer R (eds) Forest monitoring—methods for terrestrial investigations in Europe with an overview of North America and Asia. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 139–167 Tomppo E, Gschwantner T, Lawrence M, McRoberts RE (eds) (2010) National forest inventories. Pathways for Common Reporting. Springer, Berlin and Heidelberg Turak E, Brazill-Boast J, Cooney T, Drielsma M, DelaCruz J, Dunkerley G, Fernandez M, Ferrier S, Gill M, Jones H, Koen T, Leys J, McGeoch M, Mihoub J, Scanes P, Schmeller D, Williams K (2016) Using the essential biodiversity variables framework to measure biodiversity change at national scale. Biol Conserv. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2016.08.019 Virtanen R (2000) Effects of grazing on above-ground biomass on a mountain snowbed, NW Finland. Oikos 90:295–300 Vukojevic V, Sabovljevic M, Sabovljevic A, Mihajlovic N, Draˇzic G, Vuˇcinic Z (2009) Determination of heavy metal deposition in the county of Obrenovac (Serbia) using mosses as bioindicators. IV. Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), and Nickel (Ni). Arch Biol Sci 61:835–845 Winter S, Chirici G, Mcroberts RE, Hauk E, Tomppo E (2008) Possibilities for harmonizing national forest inventory data for use in forest biodiversity assessments. Forestry 81(1):33–44. https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpm042 Woods CL, Cardelús CL, DeWalt SJ (2015) Microhabitat associations of vascular epiphytes in a wet tropical forest canopy. J Ecol 103:421–430 Xu C, Sano M, Yoshimura K, Nakatsuka T (2014) Oxygen isotopes as a valuable tool for measuring annual growth in tropical trees that lack distinct annual rings. Geochem J 48:371–378 Zhao X, Corral-Rivas J, Zhang C, Temesgen H, Gadow K (2014) Forest observational studies-an essential infrastructure for sustainable use of natural resources. For Ecosyst 1:8. https://doi.org/10.1186/2197-5620-1-8 Zotz G, Vollrath B (2003) The epiphyte vegetation of the palm Socratea exorrhiza—correlations with tree size, tree age and bryophyte cover. J Trop Ecol 19:81–90