Steroid đồng hóa - Androgen

Sports Medicine - Tập 19 - Trang 326-340 - 2012
Charles E. Yesalis1, Michael S. Bahrke2
1Health Policy and Administration and Exercise and Sport Science, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
2Division of Epidemiology-Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Chicago, USA

Tóm tắt

Việc sử dụng thuốc để cải thiện hiệu suất thể chất đã được quan sát trong hàng nghìn năm. Ngày nay, người ta vẫn tiếp tục sử dụng nhiều loại chất khác nhau, bao gồm các steroid đồng hóa - androgen, với hy vọng nâng cao hiệu suất và ngoại hình của mình. Các thông tin đồn đại về việc sử dụng steroid đồng hóa phi y tế của các vận động viên và những người không phải vận động viên vẫn tồn tại; tuy nhiên, các ước tính chính xác hiện đã có dựa trên kết quả của các khảo sát hệ thống. Mặc dù phần lớn cộng đồng thể thao chấp nhận rằng steroid đồng hóa có thể nâng cao hiệu suất và ngoại hình, quy mô của tác động này cũng như các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến các hiệu ứng này vẫn chưa hoàn toàn được hiểu rõ và tài liệu hóa. Việc hoàn thiện kiến thức của chúng ta về các tác động ergogenic của steroid đồng hóa không phải là không có giá trị; tuy nhiên, bằng chứng khoa học hiện có kết hợp với một số lượng lớn các lời kể cá nhân cho thấy không đáng để dành nhiều nguồn lực cho lĩnh vực nghiên cứu này vào thời điểm hiện tại. Các tác động ngắn hạn đến sức khỏe của steroid đồng hóa đã được nghiên cứu và xem xét ngày càng nhiều, và trong khi việc sử dụng steroid đồng hóa đã liên quan đến một số tác động bất lợi và thậm chí nguy hiểm đến tính mạng, tỉ lệ các tác động nghiêm trọng được báo cáo cho đến nay là cực kỳ thấp. Các tác động dài hạn của việc sử dụng steroid đồng hóa vẫn chưa được biết đến. Đáng tiếc là, sự thiếu thông tin khoa học về các tác động sức khỏe lâu dài đã cản trở, nếu không nói là ngăn cản, việc xây dựng các chiến lược giáo dục sức khỏe hiệu quả và phòng chống lạm dụng thuốc. Do đó, nỗ lực nên được mở rộng trong các lĩnh vực phòng ngừa và giáo dục.

Từ khóa

#steroid đồng hóa #hiệu suất thể chất #sức khỏe #phòng chống lạm dụng thuốc

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