An overview on the activation of reactivity of natural pozzolans

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering - Tập 28 Số 5 - Trang 778-786 - 2001
Caijun Shi

Tóm tắt

Natural pozzolan is one of the oldest construction materials. Lime-pozzolan cements have been used for several thousands of years and have an excellent reputation for their durability. Pozzolans are being widely used as a cement replacement in Portland cement concrete. The use of pozzolans has the advantage of lower costs and better durability, but the disadvantage of a longer setting time and a slower early strength development. Different techniques have been tried to increase the reactivity of natural pozzolans to overcome these disadvantages. This paper has reviewed various methods used to activate the pozzolanic activity of natural pozzolans. All activation methods can be classified into three catalogues: thermal, mechanical, and chemical activation. A comparison based on strength–cost relationship indicates that the chemical activation method is the most effective and cheapest one.Key words: activation, reactivity, natural pozzolans, pozzolanic reaction, calcination, elevated temperature curing, chemical activators, strength, cost.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Alexander G.B., 1957, Journal of Physical Chemistry, 61, 1563, 10.1021/j150557a024

Alexander K.M., 1955, Australian Journal of Applied Science, 6, 224

Alexander K.M., 1955, Australian Journal of Applied Science, 6, 327

Alexander K.M., 1955, Australian Journal of Applied Science, 6, 334

Alexander K.M., 1960, Journal of American Concrete Institute, 57, 557

Berry E.E., 1988, Proceedings of Materials Research Society, 55

Bhardwaj M.C., 1980, Indian Concrete Journal, 54, 134

Chatterjee M.K., 1967, Transaction of Indian Ceramic Society, 26, 65, 10.1080/0371750X.1967.10855587

Costa U., 1974, IL Cemento., 74, 131

Costa U., 1977, Il Cemento., 77, 105

Day R.L., 1994, Cement and Concrete Research, 24, 1485, 10.1016/0008-8846(94)90162-7

Druy F.W. Jr., 1954, Mineral Information Service, 7, 1

Greenberg S.A., 1958, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 69, 1573

Greenberg S.A., 1961, Journal of Physical Chemistry, 65, 12, 10.1021/j100819a005

Hazra P.C., 1987, Part, 4, 675

Heath C. O. Jr., 1953, Oregon State College Engineering Experiment Station Bulletin, 34, 5

Hemmings R.T., 1988, Materials Research Society Proceedings, 113, 3, 10.1557/PROC-113-3

Hemmings R.T., 1989, Proceedings of Materials Research Society, 136, 141, 10.1557/PROC-136-141

Jawed I., 1978, Cement and Concrete Research, 8, 37, 10.1016/0008-8846(78)90056-X

Jawed I., 1983, World Cement, 325

Malinowski R., 1991, Concrete International, 13, 62

Malquori G., 1960, Washington, 983

Millers J.G., 1970, Clay and Clay Minerals, 18, 313, 10.1346/CCMN.1970.0180603

O'Connor T.L., 1958, Journal of Physical Chemistry, 65, 1195, 10.1021/j150568a008

Price W.H., 1975, Journal of American Concrete Institute, 65, 225

Rossi G., 1976, Il Cemento, 76, 215

Scian A.N., 1991, Cement and Concrete Research, 21, 51, 10.1016/0008-8846(91)90030-L

Shi C., 1993, Cement and Concrete Research, 23, 824, 10.1016/0008-8846(93)90036-9

Shi C., 1993, Cement and Concrete Research, 23, 1389, 10.1016/0008-8846(93)90076-L

Shi C., 2000, Cement and Concrete Research, 30, 51, 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00205-7

Shi C., 2000, Cement and Concrete Research, 30, 607, 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00214-3

Shi C., 2001, Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 813, 10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00481-1

Shi, 1993, Advances in Cement Research, 5, 1, 10.1680/adcr.1993.5.17.1

Shi C., 1992, New Delhi, 298

Techner S., 1951, Clay Minerals Bulletin, 1, 145, 10.1180/claymin.1951.001.5.04