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Tác động cải thiện của vi khuẩn thúc đẩy sự phát triển thực vật chịu mặn đối với sự tăng trưởng và các tính chất sinh lý của cây lúa (Oryza sativa) trong điều kiện căng thẳng muối
Tóm tắt
Để phát triển nông nghiệp bền vững trên đất mặn, cần khai thác một cách rộng rãi các vi khuẩn thúc đẩy sự phát triển thực vật (PGP) sống ở những vùng có độ mặn cao và các vi khuẩn cộng sinh khác. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả của các vi khuẩn rễ lúa địa phương chịu mặn đối với việc thúc đẩy sự phát triển của cây trồng trong điều kiện căng thẳng muối. Tổng cộng có 188 chủng vi khuẩn đã được sàng lọc để đánh giá khả năng chịu mặn và chín chủng có khả năng chịu nồng độ 12% NaCl (w/v) đã được lựa chọn. Nhận diện sinh hóa và phân tử cho thấy các vi khuẩn chịu mặn thuộc về các loài Bacillus sp, Exiguobacterium sp, Enterobacter sp, Lysinibacillus sp, Stenotrophomonas sp, Microbacterium sp, và Achromobacter sp. Việc tăng nồng độ NaCl từ 2 lên 4% làm giảm các hoạt động PGP như sản xuất IAA, tan P, tan K và khử nitrat. Tác động của việc cấy ghép vi khuẩn chịu mặn vào sự tăng trưởng và các đặc tính sinh lý khác nhau của cây lúa (Oryza sativa) đã được nghiên cứu. Kết quả cho thấy độ mặn ảnh hưởng đến chiều dài rễ và thân của các cây đối chứng; tuy nhiên, các chủng vi khuẩn cấy ghép đã được phát hiện có tác dụng thúc đẩy sự tăng trưởng của lúa trong điều kiện căng thẳng độ mặn. Hơn nữa, các chất cấy ghép vi khuẩn đã làm tăng đáng kể tổng lượng diệp lục, proline, phenol tổng cộng và thiệt hại oxy hóa như rò rỉ điện phân và chỉ số ổn định màng trong điều kiện căng thẳng muối. Nghiên cứu này gợi ý rằng các vi khuẩn PGP chịu mặn có thể được sử dụng để trồng O. sativa trên các đất nông nghiệp có độ mặn cao.
Từ khóa
#vi khuẩn thúc đẩy phát triển thực vật #cây lúa #chịu mặn #đất mặn #căng thẳng muốiTài liệu tham khảo
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