Biến đổi trong sắc tố quang hợp, protein và các thành phần thẩm thấu ở các giống bông công nghiệp khi chịu stress hạn ngắn thời gian tiếp theo là phục hồi

Plant Biotechnology Reports - Tập 1 - Trang 37-48 - 2007
Asish Kumar Parida1, Vipin S. Dagaonkar1, Manoj S. Phalak1, G. V. Umalkar1, Laxman P. Aurangabadkar1
1Biotechnology Division, Ankur Agricultural Research Laboratory, Nagpur, India

Tóm tắt

Để đánh giá cơ chế chịu hạn ở cây bông, các phản ứng sinh hóa gây ra do hạn hán ngắn hạn đã được quan sát ở hai giống bông (Gossypium hirsutum L.) có khả năng chịu nước khác nhau. Hạt của hai giống, GM 090304 (chịu hạn vừa phải) và Ca/H 631 (nhạy cảm với độ ẩm thấp), đã được gieo trong chậu chứa đất, cát và mùn với tỷ lệ 1:1:1, và được tưới nước mỗi ngày xen kẽ cho đến 45 ngày sau khi gieo, khi mỗi giống bị áp đặt một chu kỳ stress nước bằng cách ngừng tưới nước trong 7 ngày. Chu kỳ stress ngừng lại bằng cách tưới nước lại cho các cây bị stress trong 7 ngày. Lá của giống bông chịu hạn (GM 090304) duy trì lượng nước tương đối cao hơn dưới stress nước so với giống nhạy cảm với hạn hán (Ca/H 631). Các mức thành phần sinh hóa như chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein tổng số, proline tự do, axit amin tự do tổng số, đường, tinh bột và polyphenol đã được đo trong quá trình stress cũng như thời gian phục hồi. Hàm lượng chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein và tinh bột giảm trong cây bị stress so với đối chứng và có xu hướng tăng trở lại khi cây hồi phục khỏi stress. Mức độ giảm hàm lượng chlorophyll, carotenoid và protein dưới stress hạn cao hơn ở giống nhạy cảm (Ca/H 631) so với giống chịu hạn vừa phải (GM 090304). Tuy nhiên, hàm lượng proline, axit amin tự do tổng số, đường tổng thể, đường khử và polyphenol đã tăng lên trong cây bị stress và có xu hướng giảm trong thời gian phục hồi. Sự tăng lên do hạn của axit amin tự do tổng số, proline, đường và polyphenol là đáng kể hơn ở giống chịu hạn vừa (GM 090304) so với giống nhạy cảm (Ca/H 631). Những kết quả này gợi ý rằng proline, đường và polyphenol hoạt động như là các chất hòa tan tương thích chính trong cây bông nhằm duy trì cân bằng thẩm thấu, bảo vệ macromolecule tế bào, giải độc cho tế bào, và quét gốc tự do dưới điều kiện stress nước.

Từ khóa

#bông #chịu hạn #stress nước #chlorophyll #protein #proline #polyphenol

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