Alpha-beta chimeric polypeptide molecular brushes display potent activity against superbugs-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Taubes G. The bacteria fight back. Science, 2008, 321: 356–361 Purrello SM, Garau J, Giamarellos E, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: A review of the currently available treatment options. J glob Antimicrobial Resistance, 2016, 7: 178–186 Hancock REW, Sahl HG. Antimicrobial and host-defense peptides as new anti-infective therapeutic strategies. Nat Biotechnol, 2006, 24: 1551–1557 Boman HG. Antibacterial peptides: Basic facts and emerging concepts. J Intern Med, 2003, 254: 197–215 Zasloff M. Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms. Nature, 2002, 415: 389–395 Nederberg F, Zhang Y, Tan JPK, et al. Biodegradable nanostructures with selective lysis of microbial membranes. Nat Chem, 2011, 3: 409–414 Bai H, Yuan H, Nie C, et al. A supramolecular antibiotic switch for antibacterial regulation. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2015, 54: 13208–13213 Liu K, Liu Y, Yao Y, et al. Supramolecular photosensitizers with enhanced antibacterial efficiency. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2013, 52: 8285–8289 Hu D, Li H, Wang B, et al. Surface-adaptive gold nanoparticles with effective adherence and enhanced photothermal ablation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. ACS Nano, 2017, 11: 9330–9339 Huang Y, Ding X, Qi Y, et al. Reduction-responsive multifunctional hyperbranched polyaminoglycosides with excellent antibacterial activity, biocompatibility and gene transfection capability. Biomaterials, 2016, 106: 134–143 Wei T, Tang Z, Yu Q, et al. Smart antibacterial surfaces with switchable bacteria-killing and bacteria-releasing capabilities. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9: 37511–37523 Hancock REW, Haney EF, Gill EE. The immunology of host defence peptides: Beyond antimicrobial activity. Nat Rev Immunol, 2016, 16: 321–334 Yang Y, He P, Wang Y, et al. Supramolecular radical anions triggered by bacteria in situ for selective photothermal therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2017, 56: 16239–16242 Porter EA, Wang X, Lee HS, et al. Non-haemolytic β-amino-acid oligomers. Nature, 2000, 404: 565 Kuroda K, DeGrado WF. Amphiphilic polymethacrylate derivatives as antimicrobial agents. J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127: 4128–4129 Lienkamp K, Madkour AE, Musante A, et al. Antimicrobial polymers prepared by romp with unprecedented selectivity: A molecular construction kit approach. J Am Chem Soc, 2008, 130: 9836–9843 Song A, Walker SG, Parker KA, et al. Antibacterial studies of cationic polymers with alternating, random, and uniform backbones. ACS Chem Biol, 2011, 6: 590–599 Palermo EF, Sovadinova I, Kuroda K. Structural determinants of antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility in membrane-disrupting methacrylamide random copolymers. Biomacromolecules, 2009, 10: 3098–3107 Jiang Y, Yang X, Zhu R, et al. Acid-activated antimicrobial random copolymers: A mechanism-guided design of antimicrobial peptide mimics. Macromolecules, 2013, 46: 3959–3964 Xiong M, Lee MW, Mansbach RA, et al. Helical antimicrobial polypeptides with radial amphiphilicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2015, 112: 13155–13160 Qian Y, Zhang D, Wu Y, et al. The design,synthesis and biological activity study of nylon-3 polymers as mimics of host defense peptides. Acta Polym Sin, 2016, 1300–1311 Liu R, Suárez JM, Weisblum B, et al. Synthetic polymers active against Clostridium difficile vegetative cell growth and spore outgrowth. J Am Chem Soc, 2014, 136: 14498–14504 Liu R, Chen X, Hayouka Z, et al. Nylon-3 polymers with selective antifungal activity. J Am Chem Soc, 2013, 135: 5270–5273 Liu R, Chen X, Falk SP, et al. Nylon-3 polymers active against drug-resistant Candida albicans biofilms. J Am Chem Soc, 2015, 137: 2183–2186 Liu R, Chen X, Chakraborty S, et al. Tuning the biological activity profile of antibacterial polymers via subunit substitution pattern. J Am Chem Soc, 2014, 136: 4410–4418 Tew GN, Scott RW, Klein ML, et al. De novo design of antimicrobial polymers, foldamers, and small molecules: From discovery to practical applications. Acc Chem Res, 2010, 43: 30–39 Li P, Zhou C, Rayatpisheh S, et al. Cationic peptidopolysaccharides show excellent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and high selectivity. Adv Mater, 2012, 24: 4130–4137 Niu Y, Padhee S, Wu H, et al. Identification of γ-AApeptides with potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Chem Commun, 2011, 47: 12197 Niu Y, Padhee S, Wu H, et al. Lipo-γ-AApeptides as a new class of potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. J Med Chem, 2012, 55: 4003–4009 Padhee S, Hu Y, Niu Y, et al. Non-hemolytic a-AApeptides as antimicrobial peptidomimetics. Chem Commun, 2011, 47: 9729 Yarlagadda V, Akkapeddi P, Manjunath GB, et al. Membrane active vancomycin analogues: A strategy to combat bacterial resistance. J Med Chem, 2014, 57: 4558–4568 Yarlagadda V, Samaddar S, Paramanandham K, et al. Membrane disruption and enhanced inhibition of cell-wall biosynthesis: A synergistic approach to tackle vancomycin-resistant bacteria. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2015, 54: 13644–13649 Choi H, Chakraborty S, Liu R, et al. Single-cell, time-resolved antimicrobial effects of a highly cationic, random nylon-3 copolymer on live Escherichia coli. ACS Chem Biol, 2016, 11: 113–120 Ding X, Duan S, Ding X, et al. Versatile antibacterial materials: An emerging arsenal for combatting bacterial pathogens. Adv Funct Mater, 2018, 362: 1802140 Su Y, Tian L, Yu M, et al. Cationic peptidopolysaccharides synthesized by ‘click’ chemistry with enhanced broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. Polym Chem, 2017, 8: 3788–3800 Pranantyo D, Xu LQ, Hou Z, et al. Increasing bacterial affinity and cytocompatibility with four-arm star glycopolymers and antimicrobial a-polylysine. Polym Chem, 2017, 8: 3364–3373 Lu H, Wang J, Lin Y, et al. One-pot synthesis of brush-like polymers via integrated ring-opening metathesis polymerization and polymerization of amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides. J Am Chem Soc, 2009, 131: 13582–13583 Wang J, Lu H, Ren Y, et al. Interrupted helical structure of grafted polypeptides in brush-like macromolecules. Macromolecules, 2015, 44: 8699–8708 Meereboer NL, Terzic I, Saidi S, et al. Two-dimensional controlled syntheses of polypeptide molecular brushes via N-carboxyanhydride ring-opening polymerization and ring-opening metathesis polymerization. ACS Macro Lett, 2017, 6: 1031–1035 Beers KL, Gaynor SG, Matyjaszewski K, et al. The synthesis of densely grafted copolymers by atom transfer radical polymerization. Macromolecules, 1998, 31: 9413–9415 Cheng G, Böker A, Zhang M, et al. Amphiphilic cylindrical core -shell brushes via a “grafting from” process using atrp. Macromolecules, 2001, 34: 6883–6888 Gerle M, Fischer K, Roos S, et al. Main chain conformation and anomalous elution behavior of cylindrical brushes as revealed by GPC/MALLS, light scattering, and SFM. Macromolecules, 1999, 32: 2629–2637 Li Z, Ma J, Cheng C, et al. Synthesis of hetero-grafted amphiphilic diblock molecular brushes and their self-assembly in aqueous medium. Macromolecules, 2010, 43: 1182–1184 Müllner M, Dodds SJ, Nguyen TH, et al. Size and rigidity of cylindrical polymer brushes dictate long circulating properties in vivo. ACS Nano, 2015, 9: 1294–1304 Neugebauer D, Sumerlin BS, Matyjaszewski K, et al. How dense are cylindrical brushes grafted from a multifunctional macroinitiator? Polymer, 2004, 45: 8173–8179 Runge MB, Bowden NB. Synthesis of high molecular weight comb block copolymers and their assembly into ordered morphologies in the solid state. J Am Chem Soc, 2007, 129: 10551–10560 Xia Y, Kornfield JA, Grubbs RH. Efficient synthesis of narrowly dispersed brush polymers via living ring-opening metathesis polymerization of macromonomers. Macromolecules, 2009, 42: 3761–3766 Zheng G, Pan C. Reversible addition-fragmentation transfer polymerization in nanosized micelles formed in situ. Macromolecules, 2006, 39: 95–102 Xia Y, Olsen BD, Kornfield JA, et al. Efficient synthesis of narrowly dispersed brush copolymers and study of their assemblies: The importance of side chain arrangement. J Am Chem Soc, 2009, 131: 18525–18532 Zhang Y, Yin Q, Lu H, et al. Peg-polypeptide dual brush block copolymers: Synthesis and application in nanoparticle surface pegylation. ACS Macro Lett, 2013, 2: 809–813 Gao Q, Yu M, Su Y, et al. Rationally designed dual functional block copolymers for bottlebrush-like coatings: In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antifouling properties. Acta Biomater, 2017, 51: 112–124 Verduzco R, Li X, Pesek SL, et al. Structure, function, self-assembly, and applications of bottlebrush copolymers. Chem Soc Rev, 2015, 44: 2405–2420 Lu X, Tran TH, Jia F, et al. Providing oligonucleotides with steric selectivity by brush-polymer-assisted compaction. J Am Chem Soc, 2015, 137: 12466–12469 Gao AX, Liao L, Johnson JA. Synthesis of acid-labile peg and pegdoxorubicin-conjugate nanoparticles via brush-first romp. ACS Macro Lett, 2014, 3: 854–857 Gao H, Matyjaszewski K. Synthesis of molecular brushes by “grafting onto” method: combination of ATRP and click reactions. J Am Chem Soc, 2007, 129: 6633–6639 Guo J, Hong H, Chen G, et al. Theranostic unimolecular micelles based on brush-shaped amphiphilic block copolymers for tumortargeted drug delivery and positron emission tomography imaging. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2014, 6: 21769–21779 Hörtz C, Birke A, Kaps L, et al. Cylindrical brush polymers with polysarcosine side chains: A novel biocompatible carrier for biomedical applications. Macromolecules, 2015, 48: 2074–2086 Jin X, Sun P, Tong G, et al. Star polymer-based unimolecular micelles and their application in bio-imaging and diagnosis. Biomaterials, 2018, 178: 738–750 Li H, Liu H, Nie T, et al. Molecular bottlebrush as a unimolecular vehicle with tunable shape for photothermal cancer therapy. Biomaterials, 2018, 178: 620–629 Liao L, Liu J, Dreaden EC, et al. A convergent synthetic platform for single-nanoparticle combination cancer therapy: Ratiometric loading and controlled release of cisplatin, doxorubicin, and camptothecin. J Am Chem Soc, 2014, 136: 5896–5899 Müllner M, Mehta D, Nowell CJ, et al. Passive tumour targeting and extravasation of cylindrical polymer brushes in mouse xenografts. Chem Commun, 2016, 52: 9121–9124 Sowers MA, McCombs JR, Wang Y, et al. Redox-responsive branched-bottlebrush polymers for in vivo MRI and fluorescence imaging. Nat Commun, 2014, 5: 5460 von Erlach T, Zwicker S, Pidhatika B, et al. Formation and characterization of DNA-polymer-condensates based on poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) grafted poly(l-lysine) for non-viral delivery of therapeutic DNA. Biomaterials, 2011, 32: 5291–5303 Zeng X, Wang L, Liu D, et al. Poly(l-lysine)-based cylindrical copolypeptide brushes as potential drug and gene carriers. Colloid Polym Sci, 2016, 294: 1909–1920 Liu R, Masters KS, Gellman SH. Polymer chain length effects on fibroblast attachment on nylon-3-modified surfaces. Biomacromolecules, 2012, 13: 1100–1105 Liu R, Chen X, Gellman SH, et al. Nylon-3 polymers that enable selective culture of endothelial cells. J Am Chem Soc, 2013, 135: 16296–16299 Liu R, Chen X, Falk SP, et al. Structure–activity relationships among antifungal nylon-3 polymers: identification of materials active against drug-resistant strains of Candida albicans. J Am Chem Soc, 2014, 136: 4333–4342 Hou Y, Wang Y, Wang R, et al. Harnessing phosphato-platinum bonding induced supramolecular assembly for systemic cisplatin delivery. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9: 17757–17768 Qian Y, Qi F, Chen Q, et al. Surface modified with a host defense peptide-mimicking ?-peptide polymer kills bacteria on contact with high efficacy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2018, 10: 15395–15400 Chakraborty S, Liu R, Hayouka Z, et al. Ternary nylon-3 copolymers as host-defense peptide mimics: Beyond hydrophobic and cationic subunits. J Am Chem Soc, 2014, 136: 14530–14535 Zhang D, Zhang S, Ma P, et al. Synthetic peptidyl polymer displaying potent activity against gram positive bacteria. J Funct Polym, 2018, DOI: 10.14133/j.cnki.1008-9357.20180410001 Hovakeemian SG, Liu R, Gellman SH, et al. Correlating antimicrobial activity and model membrane leakage induced by nylon-3 polymers and detergents. Soft Matter, 2015, 11: 6840–6851