Alemtuzumab for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis after disease-modifying therapy: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial

Rudick, 2004, Defining interferon beta response status in multiple sclerosis patients, Ann Neurol, 56, 548, 10.1002/ana.20224

Prosperini, 2009, 1-year MRI scan predicts clinical response to interferon beta in multiple sclerosis, Eur J Neurol, 16, 1202, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02708.x

Rudick, 2009, Current approaches to the identification and management of breakthrough disease in patients with multiple sclerosis, Lancet Neurol, 8, 545, 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70082-1

Cox, 2005, Lymphocyte homeostasis following therapeutic lymphocyte depletion in multiple sclerosis, Eur J Immunol, 35, 3332, 10.1002/eji.200535075

Jones, 2009, IL-21 drives secondary autoimmunity in patients with multiple sclerosis, following therapeutic lymphocyte depletion with alemtuzumab (Campath-1H), J Clin Invest, 119, 2052

Thompson, 2010, B-cell reconstitution and BAFF after alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) treatment of multiple sclerosis, J Clin Immunol, 30, 99, 10.1007/s10875-009-9327-3

Moreau, 1994, Preliminary evidence from magnetic resonance imaging for reduction in disease activity after lymphocyte depletion in multiple sclerosis, Lancet, 344, 298, 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91339-0

Coles, 2006, The window of therapeutic opportunity in multiple sclerosis: evidence from monoclonal antibody therapy, J Neurol, 253, 98, 10.1007/s00415-005-0934-5

Coles, 1999, Pulsed monoclonal antibody treatment and autoimmune thyroid disease in multiple sclerosis, Lancet, 354, 1691, 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)02429-0

Coles, 1999, Monoclonal antibody treatment exposes three mechanisms underlying the clinical course of multiple sclerosis, Ann Neurol, 46, 296, 10.1002/1531-8249(199909)46:3<296::AID-ANA4>3.0.CO;2-#

Fox, 2012, A single-arm, open-label study of alemtuzumab in treatment-refractory patients with multiple sclerosis, Eur J Neurol, 19, 307, 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03507.x

2008, Alemtuzumab vs. interferon beta 1a in early multiple sclerosis, N Engl J Med, 359, 1786, 10.1056/NEJMoa0802670

Cohen, 2012, Alemtuzumab versus interferon beta 1a as first-line treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial, Lancet, 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61769-3

Polman, 2005, Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the “McDonald Criteria”, Ann Neurol, 58, 840, 10.1002/ana.20703

Kurtzke, 1983, Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS), Neurology, 33, 1444, 10.1212/WNL.33.11.1444

Cutter, 1999, Development of a multiple sclerosis functional composite as a clinical trial outcome measure, Brain, 122, 871, 10.1093/brain/122.5.871

Cohen, 2001, Use of the multiple sclerosis functional composite as an outcome measure in a phase 3 clinical trial, Arch Neurol, 58, 961, 10.1001/archneur.58.6.961

Hochberg, 1987

Lin, 2000, Semiparametric regression for the mean and rate functions of recurrent event, J R Stat Soc (Series B), 62, 711, 10.1111/1467-9868.00259

Lin, 1989, The robust inference for the Cox proportional hazards model, J Am Stat Assoc, 84, 1074, 10.1080/01621459.1989.10478874

Lachin, 1992, Some large-sample distribution-free estimators and tests for multivariate partially incomplete data from two populations, Stat Med, 11, 1151, 10.1002/sim.4780110903

Wei, 1984, Two-sample asymptotically distribution-free tests for incomplete multivariate observations, J Am Stat Assoc, 79, 653, 10.1080/01621459.1984.10478093

Moreau, 1996, Transient increase in symptoms associated with cytokine release in patients with multiple sclerosis, Brain, 119, 225, 10.1093/brain/119.1.225

Hill-Cawthorne, 2012, Long term lymphocyte reconstitution after alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 83, 298, 10.1136/jnnp-2011-300826

Rio, 2006, Defining the response to interferon-beta in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients, Ann Neurol, 59, 344, 10.1002/ana.20740

Rudick, 2006, Natalizumab plus interferon beta 1a for relapsing multiple sclerosis, N Engl J Med, 354, 911, 10.1056/NEJMoa044396

Cohen, 2010, Oral fingolimod or intramuscular interferon for relapsing multiple sclerosis, N Engl J Med, 362, 402, 10.1056/NEJMoa0907839

Panitch, 2002, Randomized, comparative study of interferon beta 1a treatment regimens in MS: the EVIDENCE Trial, Neurology, 59, 1496, 10.1212/01.WNL.0000034080.43681.DA

Limmroth, 2007, Quality Assessment in Multiple Sclerosis Therapy (QUASIMS): a comparison of interferon beta therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, J Neurol, 254, 67, 10.1007/s00415-006-0281-1

Halpern, 2011, Adherence and persistence among multiple sclerosis patients after one immunomodulatory therapy failure: retrospective claims analysis, Adv Ther, 28, 761, 10.1007/s12325-011-0054-9

Clark, 2012, Skin effector memory T cells do not recirculate and provide immune protection in alemtuzumab-treated CTCL patients, Sci Transl Med, 4, 117ra7, 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003008

Coles, 2012, Alemtuzumab more effective than interferon beta 1a at 5-year follow-up of CAMMS223 Clinical Trial, Neurology, 78, 1069, 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31824e8ee7