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Ô nhiễm không khí ở Kenya: một bài tổng quan
Tóm tắt
Sự đô thị hóa nhanh chóng, sự gia tăng tương ứng về sở hữu phương tiện và việc tiếp tục sử dụng nhiên liệu rắn như một nguồn năng lượng đã dẫn đến sự suy thoái chất lượng không khí ở Kenya. Tuy nhiên, không có nguồn dữ liệu chính thức nào về ô nhiễm không khí trong nước này được công bố công khai. Bài viết này cung cấp cái nhìn tổng quan về các nghiên cứu đã được công bố báo cáo nồng độ của các chất ô nhiễm môi trường phổ biến, phác thảo các chủ đề chính và xác định các khoảng trống dữ liệu. Tổng quan này cho thấy rằng kể từ những năm 1980, nồng độ bụi (PM) ở một số địa điểm tại Nairobi, chẳng hạn như khu vực công nghiệp, đã ở mức nguy hiểm cao. Gần như tất cả các nghiên cứu được đưa vào đều cho thấy nồng độ bụi ở Nairobi vi phạm các hướng dẫn của Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới (WHO). Hơn nữa, nồng độ carbon đen (BC) ở Nairobi nằm trong số những mức cao nhất trên thế giới, cho thấy cần có những phương tiện sạch hơn trong thành phố. Có rất ít nghiên cứu được thực hiện để đo mức nồng độ ô nhiễm khí ở Kenya. Dựa trên những phát hiện này, các chính sách nhằm giảm ô nhiễm không khí ở Kenya và các chiến lược giám sát nhằm lấp đầy các khoảng trống hiện có được đưa ra.
Từ khóa
#ô nhiễm không khí #Kenya #chất ô nhiễm #chất lượng không khí #bụi (PM) #carbon đen (BC) #chính sách môi trườngTài liệu tham khảo
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