Agency and Organization: Toward a Cyborg-Consciousness

Human Relations - Tập 51 - Trang 1209-1226 - 1998
Martin Wood

Tóm tắt

The presumption that agency is primarily thefunction or personification of a naturalized humanactant can be traced through a Western intellectualtradition which draws upon a dualistic conception of the self as a unified, productive, sovereignsubject, and an independent, external, physical other.In this paper, I problematize the prevalence of suchCartesian differentiation. I review an alternative, postfoundational actant ontology, then tracethe resemblances in the work on situated knowledges.These orientations challenge the hierarchical divisionbetween the internal self and the external other and instead emphasize the relational, material,and performative nature of human being . Drawing on thenotion of proximal thinking, I suggest that formalorganizations can productively be described as relational spaces, containing multiple andcomplex frontiers, frames and interfaces, with(in) whichostensibly differentiated and individualistic attitudestoward agency give way to the variety and possibility of the self-in-between; a cyborg-consciousnessable to withstand the tension of partial identities andcontradictory voices.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Anzaldúa, G. Borderlands/la frontera: Towards the new mestiza. San Francisco: Aunt Lute Books, 1987. Bateson, G. Steps to an ecology of mind. New York: Ballantine, 1972. Berger, J. Ways of seeing. London: British Broadcasting Company and Penguin Books, 1972. Blackler, F. Knowledge and the theory of organizations: Organizations as activity systems and the reframing of management. Journal of Management Studies, 1993, 6, 863–882. Bohm, D. Wholeness and the implicate order. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1980. Brigham, M., & Corbett, M. Virtual worlds, virtual organizing: An ethnography of actor-(net)working.Unpublished paper, 1997. Brown, J. S., & Duguid, P. Organizational learning and communities-of-practice: Towards a unified view of working, learning, and innovation. Organization Science, 1991, 2(1), 40–55. Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, January/February 1989, 32–41. Burrell, G. Linearity, Text and Death. Paper presented at the European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management Conference on Organising in a Multi-Voiced World: Social Construction, Innovation and Organizational Change, Leuven, Belgium, June 4-6, 1997. Callon, M. Some elements of a sociology of translation: domestication of the scallops and the fishermen of St Brieuc Bay. In Law, J. (Ed.), Power, action and belief: A new sociology of knowledge? Sociological review monograph 32, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986, pp. 196–233. Callon, M., Law, J. & Rip, A. (Eds.). Mapping the dynamics of science and technology: Sociology of science in the real world. London: Macmillan, 1986. Cooper, R. Systems and organizations: Distal and proximal thinking. Systems Practice, 1992, 5(4), 373–377. Cooper, R. Modernism, postmodernism and organizational analysis 3: The contribution of Jacque s Derrida. Organization Studies, 1989, 10(4), 479–502. Cooper, R., & Law, J. Organization: Distal and proximal views. In Bacharach, S. (Ed.), Research in the sociology of organizations. Greenwich: CT, JAI Press, 1995, pp. 237–274. Dachler, P., & Hosking, D. M. The primacy of relations in socially constructing organizational realities. In Hosking, D. M., Dackler, H. P., and Gergen, K. J. (Eds.), Management and organization: Relational alternatives to individualism. Avebury: Aldershot, 1995, pp. 1–28. Derrida, J. Writing differences. (Translated, Alan Bass) London: Routledge, 1978. Foucault, M. Discipline and pu nish: The birth of the prison. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1979. Fujimura, J. H. Crafting science: Standardised package s, boundary objects, and “translation.” In Pickering, A. (Ed.), Science as practice and culture.Chicago, Chicago University Press, 1992, pp. 168–211. Garfinkel, H. Studies in ethnomethodology(2nd Ed.) Cambridge: Polity, 1984. Goffman, E. The presentation of the self in everyday life. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971. Haines, A., & Jones, R. Implementing findings of research. British Medical Journal, 1994, 4(June), 1488–1492. Hall, S. The question of cultural identity. In Hall, S., Held, D., & McGrew, T. (Eds.), Modernity and its futures. Cambridge: Polity, 1992, pp. 274–325. Haraway, D. A manifesto for cyborgs: Science, technology, and socialist feminism in the 1980's. Socialist Review, 1985, 80, 65–107. Haraway, D. Situated knowledges: The science question in feminsim and the privilege of partial perspective. Feminist Studies, 1988, 14(3), 575–599. Haraway, D. Simians, cyborgs and women: The reinvention of nature.London, Free Association Books, 1991. Hughes, T. P. The seamless web: Technology, science, etce tera, etce tera. Social Studies of Science, 1986, 16, 281–292. Latour, B. Science in action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1987. Lave, J., & Wenger, E. Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Law, J. On the methods of long-distance control: Vesse ls, navigation and the Portuguese route to India. In Law, J. (Ed.), Power, action and belief: A new sociology of knowledge? Sociological review monograph 32. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986, pp. 234–263. L, J. Notes on the theory of the actor-network: Ordering, strategy, and heterogeneity. Systems Practice, 1992, 5(4), 379–393. Law, J. Organising modernity. Oxford: Blackwell, 1994. Lomas, J., Sisk, J. E., & Stocking, B. From evidence to practice in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. The Millbank Quarterly, 1993, 71(3), 405–410. Mol, A., & Berg, M. Principles and practice of medicine. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 1994, 18(2), 247–265. Parker, M. Cyberorganisation: Judgement Day. Paper presented at the International Organizations Conference on Modes of Organizing: Power/Knowledge Shifts. University of Warwick, April 3-4, 1997. Polanyi, M. The tacit dimension. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1966. Selander, M. Discursive Closure and Opening: A Theoretical and Methodological Approach for Studying Organising in a Local Setting. 2nd International Conference on Organizational Discourse: Talk, Text and Tropes. London, England, July 24-26, 1996. Smith, R. What clinical information do doctors need? British Medical Journal, 1996, 26(October), 1062–1068. Star, S. L. Power, technology and the phenomenology of conventions: On being allergic to onions. In Law, J. (Ed.), A sociology of monsters: Essays on power, technology and domination. Sociological Review Monograph 38. London: Routledge, 1991, pp. 26–56. Star, S. L. The trojan door: Organizations and the open black box. Systems Practice, 1992, 5(4), 395–410. Star, S. L., & Griesemer, J. R. Institutional ecology, “translations, ” and boundary objects: Amateurs and professionals in Berkeley's museum of ve rtebrate zoology, 1907-39. Social Studies of Science, 1989, 19, 387–420. Vattimo, G. The transparent society. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1992. Williamson, P. From dissemination to use: Management and organizational barriers to the application of health services research findings. Health Bulletin, 1992, 50(1, January), 78–87. Wood, M., Ferlie, E., & Fitzgerald, L. Translating Across Clinical Worlds: A Note on Organising in a Borderland. Paper presented at the European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management Conference on Organising in a Multi-Voiced World: Social Construction, Innovation and Organizational Change, Leuven, Belgium, June 4-6, 1997.