Tuổi tác và nhiều bệnh kèm theo như là các yếu tố tiên lượng xấu cho COVID-19 ở bệnh nhân chạy thận nhân tạo: một nghiên cứu quốc gia của Liban

BMC Nephrology - Tập 22 - Trang 1-10 - 2021
Mabel Aoun1,2, Rabab Khalil3, Walid Mahfoud4, Haytham Fatfat5, Line Bou Khalil6, Rashad Alameddine7, Nabil Afiouni8, Issam Ibrahim9, Mohamad Hassan10, Haytham Zarzour11, Ali Jebai12, Nina Mourad Khalil12, Luay Tawil13, Zeina Mechref14, Zuhair El Imad14, Fadia Chamma15, Ayman Khalil16, Sandy Zeidan17, Balsam El Ghoul17, Georges Dahdah17, Sarah Mouawad2,18, Hiba Azar19,18, Kamal Abou Chahine20, Siba Kallab21, Bashir Moawad21, Ahmad Fawaz22, Joseph Homsi23, Carmen Tabaja24, Maya Delbani24, Rami Kallab25, Hassan Hoballah26, Wahib Haykal27, Najat Fares28, Walid Rahal29, Wael Mroueh30, Mohammed Youssef31, Jamale Rizkallah32, Ziad Sebaaly32, Antoine Dfouni33, Norma Ghosn33, Nagi Nawfal34, Walid Abou Jaoude35, Nadine Bassil35,36, Therese Maroun35,36, Nabil Bassil35,36, Chadia Beaini37, Boutros Haddad28, Elie Moubarak38, Houssam Rabah3, Amer Attieh9, Serge Finianos19,18, Dania Chelala19,18
1Department of Nephrology, Saint-George Hospital Ajaltoun, Ajaltoun, Lebanon
2Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
3Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
4Saydet Zghorta Hospital, Zgharta, Lebanon
5Mounla Hospital, Tripoli, Lebanon
6Mount-Lebanon Hospital, Hazmiyeh, Lebanon
7Orange Nassau Hospital, Tripoli, Lebanon
8Islamic Hospital, Tripoli, Lebanon
9Youssef Akkar Hospital, Halba, Lebanon
10Dar Al-Chifae Hospital, Tripoli, Lebanon
11Zahraa Hospital, Jnah, Lebanon
12Bahman Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
13Siblin Governmental Hospital, Sebline, Lebanon
14Ain Wazein Medical Village, Ain Wazein, Lebanon
15Serhal Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
16Iklim Hospital, Mazboud, Lebanon
17Centre Hospitalier du Nord, Zghorta, Lebanon
18Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
19Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
20Beqaa Hospital, Zahlé, Lebanon
21Abou Jaoude Hospital, Jal el Dib, Lebanon
22Labib Hospital, Sidon, Lebanon
23Khoury Hospital, Zahle, Lebanon
24Hammoud Hospital University Medical Center, Sidon, Lebanon
25FMC Hospital, Mejdlaya, Lebanon
26Sahel Hospital, Haret Hreik, Lebanon
27Beit Chabeb Hospital, Beit Chabeb, Lebanon
28Saint-Georges Orthodoxe Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
29Rahal Hospital, Akkar, Lebanon
30Jabal Amel Hospital, Tyre, Lebanon
31Dinnieh Hospital, Dinnieh, Lebanon
32Haroun Hospital, Zalka, Lebanon
33Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Notre Dame de Secours Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
34Sacre-Coeur Hospital, Baabda, Lebanon
35Middle-East Institute of Health, Bsalim, Lebanon
36Saint-Joseph Hospital, Dora, Lebanon
37Bellevue Medical Center, Mansourieh, Lebanon
38Hayek Hospital, Al Hayek, Lebanon

Tóm tắt

Bệnh nhân chạy thận nhân tạo mắc COVID-19 có tỷ lệ tử vong cao hơn so với dân số chung. Nhiều yếu tố tiên lượng đã được xác định trong các nghiên cứu từ các quốc gia châu Á, châu Âu hoặc Mỹ. Đây là nghiên cứu quốc gia đầu tiên của Liban đánh giá các yếu tố liên quan đến tỷ lệ tử vong do SARS-CoV-2 ở bệnh nhân chạy thận nhân tạo. Đây là một nghiên cứu quan sát bao gồm tất cả các bệnh nhân chạy thận nhân tạo mãn tính ở Liban có kết quả xét nghiệm dương tính với SARS-CoV-2 từ ngày 31 tháng 3 đến ngày 1 tháng 11 năm 2020. Dữ liệu về nhân khẩu học, các bệnh kèm theo, nhập viện và kết quả được thu thập hồi cứu từ hồ sơ bệnh án của bệnh nhân. Phân tích hồi quy logistic nhị phân được thực hiện để đánh giá các yếu tố rủi ro đối với tỷ lệ tử vong. Tổng cộng có 231 bệnh nhân được đưa vào nghiên cứu. Tuổi trung bình là 61,46 ± 13,99 năm với tỷ lệ giới tính là 128 nam trên 103 nữ. Khoảng một nửa số bệnh nhân là bệnh nhân đái tháo đường, 79,2% có triệu chứng sốt. Tổng cộng có 115 bệnh nhân nhập viện, trong đó 59% trong ngày đầu tiên sau khi chẩn đoán. Hạ oxy là lý do chính dẫn đến nhập viện. Tỷ lệ tử vong là 23,8% sau thời gian trung bình là 6 (IQR, 2 đến 10) ngày. Phân tích hồi quy điều chỉnh cho thấy nguy cơ tử vong cao hơn ở những bệnh nhân lớn tuổi (odds ratio = 1,038; 95% khoảng tin cậy: 1,013, 1,065), bệnh nhân suy tim (odds ratio = 4,42; 95% khoảng tin cậy: 2,06, 9,49), bệnh mạch vành (odds ratio = 3,27; 95% khoảng tin cậy: 1,69, 6,30), có nhiều bệnh kèm theo (odds ratio = 1,593; 95% khoảng tin cậy: 1,247, 2,036), sốt (odds ratio = 6,66; 95% khoảng tin cậy: 1,94, 27,81), CRP trên 100 mg/L (odds ratio = 4,76; 95% khoảng tin cậy: 1,48, 15,30), và viêm phổi (odds ratio = 19,18; 95% khoảng tin cậy: 6,47, 56,83). Nghiên cứu quốc gia này đã xác định tuổi cao hơn, bệnh mạch vành, suy tim, nhiều bệnh kèm theo, sốt và viêm phổi là các yếu tố rủi ro dẫn đến tử vong ở bệnh nhân COVID-19 đang chạy thận nhân tạo mãn tính. Tỷ lệ tử vong được ước tính tương đương với các quốc gia khác và ghi nhận là 23,8%.

Từ khóa

#COVID-19 #chạy thận nhân tạo #yếu tố tiên lượng #tỷ lệ tử vong #nghiên cứu quốc gia Liban

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