Sự khác biệt về tuổi tác và giới tính trong mối liên hệ giữa lòng tự ái và sức khỏe tinh thần ở một mẫu thanh thiếu niên lớn

Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Tập 46 - Trang 840-853 - 2016
Karen Bluth1, Rebecca A. Campo1, William S. Futch2, Susan A. Gaylord1
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, CB 7200, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, USA
2Department of Allied Sciences, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA

Tóm tắt

Thời kỳ thanh thiếu niên là một giai đoạn phát triển đầy thách thức, đánh dấu bởi sự suy giảm trong tình trạng cảm xúc; tuy nhiên, lòng tự ái đã được đề xuất như một yếu tố bảo vệ. Nghiên cứu khảo sát cắt ngang này (N = 765, từ lớp 7 đến lớp 12; 53% nữ; 4% thuộc sắc tộc Hispanic; 64% da trắng và 21% da đen) đã đi sâu vào việc liệu lòng tự ái của thanh thiếu niên có khác nhau theo độ tuổi và giới tính hay không, và thứ hai, mối liên hệ của nó với sức khỏe tinh thần (stress cảm nhận, sự hài lòng trong cuộc sống, sự không chịu đựng căng thẳng, triệu chứng trầm cảm và lo âu) có khác nhau theo độ tuổi và giới tính hay không. Kết quả chỉ ra rằng các bạn nữ lớn tuổi có mức độ lòng tự ái thấp nhất so với các bạn nữ nhỏ tuổi hơn hoặc các bạn nam ở mọi độ tuổi. Lòng tự ái có liên quan đến tất cả các thước đo sức khỏe tinh thần, và giới tính và/hoặc độ tuổi đã điều chỉnh các mối liên hệ với triệu chứng lo âu và trầm cảm. Trong số các thanh thiếu niên lớn tuổi, lòng tự ái có tác dụng bảo vệ lớn hơn đối với triệu chứng lo âu ở các bạn nam so với các bạn nữ. Thêm vào đó, các thanh thiếu niên lớn tuổi có lòng tự ái thấp và trung bình có mức độ triệu chứng trầm cảm cao hơn so với những người có lòng tự ái cao. Những kết quả này có thể thông báo cho việc xác định đối tượng và độ tuổi mà các can thiệp về lòng tự ái có thể được triển khai để bảo vệ thanh thiếu niên khỏi những suy giảm cảm xúc thêm nữa.

Từ khóa

#lòng tự ái #sức khỏe tinh thần #thanh thiếu niên #sự khác biệt giới tính #độ tuổi

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