Nâng cao khả năng sống sót sau bệnh ung thư vú ở phụ nữ người Mỹ gốc Phi

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 153 - Trang 253-261 - 2015
Steven S. Coughlin1,2, Wonsuk Yoo3, Mary S. Whitehead4, Selina A. Smith3
1Department of Community Health and Sustainability, Division of Public Health, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, USA
2Lowell USA
3Institute of Public and Preventive Health, and Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, USA
4Florida Resources for Empowering Sustainable Health and SISTAAH Talk Breast Cancer Support Group, Miami, USA

Tóm tắt

Những tiến bộ đã xảy ra trong việc sống sót sau bệnh ung thư vú, nhưng đối với nhiều phụ nữ người Mỹ gốc Phi, những thách thức và khoảng trống thông tin liên quan vẫn còn tồn tại. Bài báo này xác định các cơ hội để giải quyết sự chênh lệch trong việc sống sót và chất lượng cuộc sống sau ung thư vú, từ đó nâng cao khả năng sống sót sau bệnh ung thư vú trong nhóm phụ nữ này. Đối với những người sống sót sau bệnh ung thư vú, những tác dụng phụ thường gặp kéo dài lâu sau khi điều trị ung thư bao gồm mệt mỏi, mất sức mạnh, khó ngủ và rối loạn chức năng tình dục. Để giải quyết các vấn đề sức khỏe thể chất và tâm lý, nhiều can thiệp đã được đánh giá, bao gồm tập thể dục và tập thể hình, can thiệp chế độ ăn uống, yoga và giãn stress dựa trên chánh niệm và các nhóm hỗ trợ hoặc trị liệu nhóm. Béo phì đã được liên kết với việc tái phát ung thư vú và sống sót kém hơn. So với những người sống sót người da trắng, phụ nữ sống sót sau ung thư vú người Mỹ gốc Phi có khả năng béo phì cao hơn và ít có khả năng tham gia hoạt động thể chất hơn, mặc dù tập thể dục cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống tổng thể và giúp giảm mệt mỏi do ung thư. Có nhiều thông tin về hiệu quả của những can thiệp này trong việc giảm bức xúc và cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống của những người sống sót sau ung thư vú, nhưng ít nghiên cứu tập trung cụ thể vào phụ nữ người Mỹ gốc Phi có chẩn đoán ung thư vú. Nghiên cứu đã xác định một số yếu tố cá nhân liên quan đến khả năng phục hồi, tăng cường chất lượng cuộc sống và sự thích ứng tích cực với chẩn đoán ung thư vú. Cần có sự hiểu biết tốt hơn về việc sống sót sau ung thư vú ở phụ nữ người Mỹ gốc Phi. Các đánh giá bổ sung về các can thiệp nhằm cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống và khả năng sống sót của những phụ nữ Mỹ gốc Phi sống sót sau ung thư vú là mong muốn.

Từ khóa

#ung thư vú #sống sót sau bệnh #phụ nữ người Mỹ gốc Phi #chất lượng cuộc sống #can thiệp sức khỏe

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