Những tiến bộ trong các khung mạng hợp kim titan ba chiều được chế tạo bằng phương pháp nung chảy bằng chùm electron cho các thiết bị y sinh: khía cạnh cơ học và sinh học

Krishna Chaitanya Nune1, Shujun Li2, R. Devesh Kumar Misra1
1Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, USA
2Institute of Metals Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China

Tóm tắt

Chúng tôi làm sáng tỏ mối quan hệ giữa quy trình, cấu trúc và tính chất trong các vật liệu sinh học hợp kim titan ba chiều (3D) có thể cấy ghép được, được xử lý bằng phương pháp nung chảy bằng chùm electron (EBM) dựa trên nguyên lý của sản xuất phụ gia. Các phương pháp truyền thống trong chế biến thiết bị y sinh, bao gồm đổ khuôn đông lạnh và nung kết, bị hạn chế do những khó khăn trong việc thích nghi tại vị trí tiếp nhận và sự khác biệt về cấu trúc vi mô/vĩ mô, tính chất cơ học và vật lý so với mô mềm tiếp nhận. Trong mối liên quan này, EBM có ưu điểm vượt trội trong việc xử lý các thiết kế phức tạp theo từng bệnh nhân, có thể được lấy từ chụp cắt lớp vi tính (CT) tại vị trí khuyết tật hoặc thông qua một chương trình thiết kế hỗ trợ máy tính (CAD). Bài tổng quan này giới thiệu và tóm tắt sự tiến triển và lý do cơ bản đã thúc đẩy việc in 3D các khung sinh học cho tái sinh mô. Tổng quan bao gồm hai phần nhằm đạt được các chức năng tối ưu. Phần đầu tiên tập trung vào việc đạt được các chức năng tối ưu về tính chất cơ học của các khung hợp kim titan 3D được chế tạo bằng EBM với các đặc điểm khác nhau dựa trên thiết kế, ô đơn vị, các thông số xử lý, tốc độ quét, độ xốp và xử lý nhiệt. Phần thứ hai tập trung vào việc cải thiện các phản ứng sinh học của các khung 3D này và ảnh hưởng của việc sửa đổi bề mặt đối với sự tương tác giữa tế bào và vật liệu. Tổng quan kết thúc với thảo luận về các thử nghiệm lâm sàng của các khung xốp 3D này minh họa tiềm năng của chúng trong việc đáp ứng nhu cầu hiện tại của ngành công nghiệp y sinh.

Từ khóa

#Hợp kim titan #Chế tạo bằng chùm electron #Khung sinh học #In 3D #Tái sinh mô.

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