Adult Endogenous Dopaminergic Neuroregeneration Against Parkinson’s Disease: Ideal Animal Models?

Neurotoxicity Research - Tập 39 - Trang 504-532 - 2020
Yuganthini Vijayanathan1,2, Siong Meng Lim1, Maw Pin Tan2, Fei Ting Lim1, Abu Bakar Abdul Majeed1, Kalavathy Ramasamy1
1Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group and Brain Degeneration and Therapeutics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Tóm tắt

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The etiology of PD remains an enigma with no available disease modifying treatment or cure. Pharmacological compensation is the only quality of life improving treatments available. Endogenous dopaminergic neuroregeneration has recently been considered a plausible therapeutic strategy for PD. However, researchers have to first decipher the complexity of adult endogenous neuroregeneration. This raises the need of animal models to understand the underlying molecular basis. Mammalian models with highly conserved genetic homology might aid researchers to identify specific molecular mechanisms. However, the scarcity of adult neuroregeneration potential in mammals obfuscates such investigations. Nowadays, non-mammalian models are gaining popularity due to their explicit ability to neuroregenerate naturally without the need of external enhancements, yet these non-mammals have a much diverse gene homology that critical molecular signals might not be conserved across species. The present review highlights the advantages and disadvantages of both mammalian and non-mammalian animal models that can be essentially used to study the potential of endogenous DpN regeneration against PD.

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