Additional Ganglion Plexus Ablation During Thoracoscopic Surgical Ablation of Advanced Atrial Fibrillation

Kirchhof, 2016, 2016 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS, Eur Heart J, 37, 2893, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw210 Calkins, 2018, 2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary, Europace, 20, 157, 10.1093/europace/eux275 Verma, 2015, Approaches to catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation, N Engl J Med, 372, 1812, 10.1056/NEJMoa1408288 Srivatsa, 2018, CAABL-AF (California Study of Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation): mortality and stroke, 2005 to 2013, Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 11, e005739, 10.1161/CIRCEP.117.005739 Wokhlu, 2010, Long-term quality of life after ablation of atrial fibrillation the impact of recurrence, symptom relief, and placebo effect, J Am Coll Cardiol, 55, 2308, 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.040 Patterson, 2005, Triggered firing in pulmonary veins initiated by in vitro autonomic nerve stimulation, Heart Rhythm, 2, 624, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.02.012 Krul, 2014, Disparate response of high-frequency ganglionic plexus stimulation on sinus node function and atrial propagation in patients with atrial fibrillation, Heart Rhythm, 11, 1743, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.04.041 Pokushalov, 2009, Selective ganglionated plexi ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, Heart Rhythm, 6, 1257, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.05.018 Pokushalov, 2010, Left atrial ablation at the anatomic areas of ganglionated plexi for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 33, 1231, 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2010.02800.x Katritsis, 2013, Autonomic denervation added to pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial, J Am Coll Cardiol, 62, 2318, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.06.053 Lo, 2013, Paradoxical long-term proarrhythmic effects after ablating the “head station” ganglionated plexi of the vagal innervation to the heart, Heart Rhythm, 10, 751, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.01.030 Ausma, 2001, Time course of atrial fibrillation-induced cellular structural remodeling in atria of the goat, J Mol Cell Cardiol, 33, 2083, 10.1006/jmcc.2001.1472 Driessen, 2016, Ganglion plexus ablation in advanced atrial fibrillation: the AFACT study, J Am Coll Cardiol, 68, 1155, 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.036 Sakamoto, 2010, Vagal denervation and reinnervation after ablation of ganglionated plexi, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 139, 444, 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.04.056 Oh, 2006, Vagal denervation and atrial fibrillation inducibility: epicardial fat pad ablation does not have long-term effects, Heart Rhythm, 3, 701, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2006.02.020 Edgerton, 2009, A new epicardial lesion set for minimal access left atrial maze: the Dallas lesion set, Ann Thorac Surg, 88, 1655, 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2009.05.046 de Groot, 2013, Electrophysiological evaluation of thoracoscopic pulmonary vein isolation, J Atr Fibrillation, 6, 899 Pokushalov, 2013, Ganglionated plexus ablation vs linear ablation in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation for persistent/long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation: a randomized comparison, Heart Rhythm, 10, 1280, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.04.016 Michaud, 2016, Surgical ganglionic plexus ablation in atrial fibrillation: is all hope lost for the plexus?, J Am Coll Cardiol, 68, 1166, 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.07.731 de Groot, 2012, Epicardial confirmation of conduction block during thoracoscopic surgery for atrial fibrillation: a hybrid surgical-electrophysiological approach, Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol, 21, 293, 10.3109/13645706.2011.615329 Jiang, 2014, Marked suppression of pulmonary vein firing after circumferential pulmonary vein isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: is pulmonary vein firing an epiphenomenon?, J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, 25, 111, 10.1111/jce.12288 Driessen, 2018, Quality of life improves after thoracoscopic surgical ablation of advanced atrial fibrillation: results of the Atrial Fibrillation Ablation and Autonomic Modulation via Thoracoscopic Surgery (AFACT) study, J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 155, 972, 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.09.093 Mun, 2012, Does additional linear ablation after circumferential pulmonary vein isolation improve clinical outcome in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation? Prospective randomized study, Heart, 98, 480, 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-301107 Wang, 2015, Long-term effects of ganglionated plexi ablation on electrophysiological characteristics and neuron remodeling in target atrial tissues in a canine model, Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 8, 1276, 10.1161/CIRCEP.114.002554 Buckley, 2017, Ganglionated plexus ablation for atrial fibrillation: just because we can, does that mean we should?, Heart Rhythm, 14, 133, 10.1016/j.hrthm.2016.09.001