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Xử lý thủy nhiệt bằng axit của bùn thải: tác động của nhiệt độ phản ứng và nồng độ axit đến sản xuất các sản phẩm phụ của phản ứng phân hủy
Tóm tắt
Bùn thải (SS) là một loại sinh khối hữu cơ thu được từ các nhà máy xử lý nước thải, nhưng việc sử dụng bùn thải để sản xuất các hóa chất sinh học dưới các quá trình thủy phân xúc tác axit (ACH) chưa được nghiên cứu đầy đủ. Trong nghiên cứu này, các quá trình ACH được tiến hành ở nhiệt độ 120, 150 và 180 °C sử dụng axit sulfuric (H2SO4) với nồng độ từ 0–0.5 M trong khoảng thời gian phản ứng 90–180 phút để sản xuất các hóa chất sinh học từ bùn thải. Kết quả cho thấy nhiệt độ phản ứng, thời gian phản ứng và nồng độ H2SO4 ảnh hưởng đến năng suất của đường, axit levulinic (LA), và 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Năng suất xylose và glucose cao nhất đạt 7.69 mol% và 5.22 mol% ở 120 °C với 0.5 M H2SO4 trong suốt 180 phút phản ứng. Ngoài ra, dưới quá trình ACH ở 180 °C và 180 phút, năng suất của LA đạt giá trị cực đại 0.48 mol% tại 0.5 M H2SO4, và năng suất cao nhất của HMF là 1.66 mol% tại 0.1 M H2SO4. Dữ liệu thu được cũng cho thấy quá trình ACH làm tăng nhu cầu oxy hóa học hòa tan, carbon hữu cơ hòa tan, và tổng nitrogen hòa tan. Ma trận phát xạ-nhận diện huỳnh quang của chất hữu cơ hòa tan và phân tích nhiệt trọng lượng của bùn thải được xử lý càng củng cố thêm việc tăng cường khả năng hòa tan của bùn thải sau quá trình ACH, đặc biệt dưới nhiệt độ phản ứng cao hơn và nồng độ H2SO4 cao. Mặc dù năng suất hóa chất sinh học thấp hơn có thể hạn chế sự thu hồi các sản phẩm mục tiêu ở giai đoạn sau, nhưng việc cải thiện đáng kể khả năng hòa tan bùn thải bởi ACH cho thấy rằng quá trình thủy phân xúc tác axit có tiềm năng như một phương pháp tiền xử lý thay thế cho bùn thải.
Từ khóa
#bùn thải #phương pháp thủy phân xúc tác axit #hóa chất sinh học #axit sulfuric #năng suất đường #axit levulinic #5-hydroxymethylfurfuralTài liệu tham khảo
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