Abdominal symptoms and cancer in the abdomen: prospective cohort study in European primary care

British Journal of General Practice - Tập 68 Số 670 - Trang e301-e310 - 2018
Knut Holtedahl1, Peter Hjertholm2, Lars Borgqúist3, Gé Donker4, Frank Buntinx5, David Weller6, Tonje Braaten1, Jörgen Månsson7, Eva Lena Strandberg8, Christine Campbell6, Joke C. Korevaar4, Ranjan Parajuli1
1Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
2Research Centre for Cancer Diagnosis in Primary Care, Aarhus University, Denmark.
3Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
4Sentinel Practices, NIVEL Primary Care Database, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
5Department of General Practice, KU Leuven, Belgium and Maastricht University, The Netherlands
6Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Medical Informatics, University of Edinburgh, UK.
7Department of Public Health and Community Medicine/Primary Health Care, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
8Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden

Tóm tắt

Background

Different abdominal symptoms may signal cancer, but their role is unclear.

Aim

To examine associations between abdominal symptoms and subsequent cancer diagnosed in the abdominal region.

Design and setting

Prospective cohort study comprising 493 GPs from surgeries in Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Scotland, Belgium, and the Netherlands.

Method

Over a 10-day period, the GPs recorded consecutive consultations and noted: patients who presented with abdominal symptoms pre-specified on the registration form; additional data on non-specific symptoms; and features of the consultation. Eight months later, data on all cancer diagnoses among all study patients in the participating general practices were requested from the GPs.

Results

Consultations with 61 802 patients were recorded and abdominal symptoms were documented in 6264 (10.1%) patients. Malignancy, both abdominal and non-abdominal, was subsequently diagnosed in 511 patients (0.8%). Among patients with a new cancer in the abdomen (n = 251), 175 (69.7%) were diagnosed within 180 days after consultation. In a multivariate model, the highest sex- and age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was for the single symptom of rectal bleeding (HR 19.1, 95% confidence interval = 8.7 to 41.7). Positive predictive values of >3% were found for macroscopic haematuria, rectal bleeding, and involuntary weight loss, with variations according to age and sex. The three symptoms relating to irregular bleeding had particularly high specificity in terms of colorectal, uterine, and bladder cancer.

Conclusions

A patient with undiagnosed cancer may present with symptoms or no symptoms. Irregular bleeding must always be explained. Abdominal pain occurs with all types of abdominal cancer and several symptoms may signal colorectal cancer. The findings are important as they influence how GPs think and act, and how they can contribute to an earlier diagnosis of cancer.

Từ khóa


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