A systematic review of the epidemiology of human monkeypox outbreaks and implications for outbreak strategy

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases - Tập 13 Số 10 - Trang e0007791
Ellen M. Beer1, Bhargavi Rao2
1Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
2Manson Unit, Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) UK, London, United Kingdom

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

KN Durski, 2018, Emergence of Monkeypox - West and Central Africa, 1970-2017. Mmwr, Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 67, 306, 10.15585/mmwr.mm6710a5

AW Rimoin, 2010, Major increase in human monkeypox incidence 30 years after smallpox vaccination campaigns cease in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107, 16262, 10.1073/pnas.1005769107

SS Marennikova, 1972, Poxviruses isolated from clinically ill and asymptomalically infected monkeys and a chimpanzee, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 46, 613

Magnus Pv, 1959, A Pox-like Disease in Cynomolgus Monkeys., Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica, 46, 156, 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1959.tb00328.x

JB Doty, 2017, Assessing Monkeypox Virus Prevalence in Small Mammals at the Human-Animal Interface in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Viruses, 9, 03

YJ Hutin, 2001, Outbreak of human monkeypox, Democratic Republic of Congo, 1996 to 1997, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 7, 434, 10.3201/eid0703.017311

L Khodakevich, 1988, Monkeypox virus: ecology and public health significance, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 66, 747

Z Jezek, 1988, Clinico-epidemiological features of monkeypox patients with an animal or human source of infection, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 66, 459

MG Reynolds, 2010, A silent enzootic of an orthopoxvirus in Ghana, West Africa: Evidence for multi-species involvement in the absence of widespread human disease, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 82, 746, 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0716

Z Jezek, 1987, Human monkeypox: clinical features of 282 patients, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 156, 293, 10.1093/infdis/156.2.293

PK Mbala, 2017, Maternal and Fetal Outcomes among Pregnant Women with Human Monkeypox Infection in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 216, 824, 10.1093/infdis/jix260

MR Withers, 2011, Outcome of four pregnancies in congolese women with monkeypox infection, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 397

NK Kisalu, 2017, Toward Understanding the Outcomes of Monkeypox Infection in Human Pregnancy, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 216, 795, 10.1093/infdis/jix342

PE Fine, 1988, The transmission potential of monkeypox virus in human populations, International Journal of Epidemiology, 17, 643, 10.1093/ije/17.3.643

DL Heymann, 1998, Re-emergence of monkeypox in Africa: a review of the past six years, British Medical Bulletin, 54, 693, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011720

H Meyer, 2002, Outbreaks of disease suspected of being due to human monkeypox virus infection in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2001, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 40, 2919, 10.1128/JCM.40.8.2919-2921.2002

M Mutombo, 1983, Human monkeypox transmitted by a chimpanzee in a tropical rain-forest area of Zaire, Lancet, 1, 735, 10.1016/S0140-6736(83)92027-5

MG Reynolds, 2006, Clinical manifestations of human monkeypox influenced by route of infection, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 194, 773, 10.1086/505880

Z Jezek, 1988, Human monkeypox: Disease pattern, incidence and attack rates in a rural area of northern Zaire, Tropical and Geographical Medicine, 40, 73

Z Jezek, 1988, Human monkeypox: secondary attack rates, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 66, 465

S Parker, 2007, Human monkeypox: an emerging zoonotic disease, Future Microbiology, 2, 17, 10.2217/17460913.2.1.17

AM Likos, 2005, A tale of two clades: Monkeypox viruses, Journal of General Virology, 86, 2661, 10.1099/vir.0.81215-0

M Panning, 2004, Rapid detection and differentiation of human pathogenic orthopox viruses by a fluorescence resonance energy transfer real-time PCR assay, Clinical Chemistry, 50, 702, 10.1373/clinchem.2003.026781

H Neubauer, 1998, Specific detection of monkeypox virus by polymerase chain reaction, Journal of Virological Methods, 74, 201, 10.1016/S0166-0934(98)00099-8

Y Li, 2006, Detection of monkeypox virus with real-time PCR assays, Journal of Clinical Virology, 36, 194, 10.1016/j.jcv.2006.03.012

Z Jezek, 1988, Human monkeypox: Confusion with chickenpox, Acta Tropica, 45, 297

NA Hoff, 2017, Varicella Coinfection in Patients with Active Monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, EcoHealth, 14, 564, 10.1007/s10393-017-1266-5

A MacNeil, 2009, Monkeypox or varicella? lessons from a rash outbreak investigation in the republic of the congo, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 80, 503, 10.4269/ajtmh.2009.80.503

MG Reynolds, 2017, Improving the care and treatment of monkeypox patients in low-resource settings: Applying evidence from contemporary biomedical and smallpox biodefense research, Viruses, 9, 10.3390/v9120380

D Moher, 2009, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement, PLOS Medicine, 6, e1000097, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097

AM McCollum, 2010, Towards enhanced surveillance for monkeypox: Application of a robust clinical case definition, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 122

SA Guagliardo, 2017, A comparison of three statistical thresholds to trigger a public health response to monkeypox-Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2011-13, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 97, 281

A Laudisoit, 2017, A One Health team to improve Monkeypox virus outbreak response: An example from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tropical Medicine and International Health, 22, 53

A Laudisoit, 2015, Biodiversity, Bushmeat and Monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Another viral threat upon larger cities?, Tropical Medicine and International Health, 30

Population by age and sex (thousands) (DRC). [Internet]. Population Division. 2017.

Z Jezek, 1986, Human monkeypox: a study of 2,510 contacts of 214 patients, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 154, 551, 10.1093/infdis/154.4.551

JG Breman, 1977, Human poxvirus disease after smallpox eradication. American Journal of Tropical Medicine &, Hygiene, 26, 273

ID Ladnyj, 1972, A human infection caused by monkeypox virus in Basankusu Territory, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 46, 593

CL McMullen, 2015, Human monkeypox transmission dynamics thirty years after smallpox eradication in the Sankuru district, democratic republic of Congo, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 93, 341

LD Nolen, 2015, Introduction of Monkeypox into a Community and Household: Risk Factors and Zoonotic Reservoirs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. American Journal of Tropical Medicine &, Hygiene, 93, 410

A Laudisoit, 2016, Bushmeat and Monkeypox: Yahuma Health Zone – Aketi Health Zone - Bombongolo Health Area

WHO. WHO AFRO Outbreaks and Other Emergencies, Week 30: 21 -27 July 2018 (Data as reported by 17:00; 27 July 2018). Reliefweb: 2018.

1997, Prevention. CfDCa. Human monkeypox -- Kasai Oriental, Democratic Republic of Congo, February 1996-October 1997., MMWR - Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 46, 1168

WE Record., 1992, Monkeypox, 1991. Gabon, Weekly Epidemiological Record, 67, 101

PF Tchokoteu, 1991, Variola or a severe case of varicella? A case of human variola due to monkeypox virus in a child from the Cameroon, Ann Soc Belg Med Trop, 71, 123

WHO. Monkeypox in Central African Republic. Reliefweb: 2016.

Central African Republic: Monkey Pox Outbreak - Dec 2015 [Internet]. Reliefweb: IFRC; 2016

WHO. WHO AFRO Outbreaks and Other Emergencies, Week 16: 15 – 21 April 2017 Data as reported by 17:00 21 April 2017. Reliefweb: 2017.

N Berthet, 2011, Maculopapular lesions in the Central African Republic, The Lancet, 378, 1354, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61142-2

E Nakoune, 2017, A Nosocomial Outbreak of Human Monkeypox in the Central African Republic, Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 4, 10.1093/ofid/ofx168

IFRC. Central African Republic: Monkey Pox Outbreak - Dec 2015. Reliefweb: 2016.

MG Reynolds, 2013, Short report: Detection of human monkeypox in the Republic of the Congo following intensive community education, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 88, 982, 10.4269/ajtmh.12-0758

AM McCollum, 2013, Human monkeypox in a conflict region of the democratic republic of the Congo, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 17

E Kalthan, 2018, Investigation of an outbreak of monkeypox in an area occupied by armed groups, Central African Republic., Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 48, 263, 10.1016/j.medmal.2018.02.010

IK Damon, 2006, Discovery of monkeypox in Sudan., New England Journal of Medicine, 355, 962, 10.1056/NEJMc060792

P Formenty, 2010, Human monkeypox outbreak caused by novel virus belonging to Congo Basin clade, Sudan, 2005, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 16, 1539, 10.3201/eid1610.100713

NCDC. Situation Report: Monkeypox Outbreak in Nigeria. Abuja: 2018.

O Faye, 2018, Genomic characterisation of human monkeypox virus in Nigeria, The Lancet Infectious Diseases

JR Kugelman, 2014, Genomic variability of monkeypox virus among humans, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 20, 232, 10.3201/eid2002.130118

Y Nakazawa, 2015, A phylogeographic investigation of African monkeypox, Viruses, 7, 2168, 10.3390/v7042168

Y Nakazawa, 2013, Phylogenetic and ecologic perspectives of a monkeypox outbreak, southern Sudan, 2005, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 19, 237, 10.3201/eid1902.121220

KD Reed, 2004, The Detection of Monkeypox in Humans in the Western Hemisphere., New England Journal of Medicine, 350, 342, 10.1056/NEJMoa032299

VB Mukinda, 1997, Re-emergence of human monkeypox in Zaire in 1996., Monkeypox Epidemiologic Working Group. Lancet, 349, 1449

N Hoff, 2014, Human monkeypox disease surveillance and time trends in The Democratic Republic of Congo, 2001-2013, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 339

NA Hoff, 2015, A descriptive and quantitative analysis of potential underestimation of human monkeypox cases in the passive surveillance system in the democratic republic of congo, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 93, 242

LD Nolen, 2016, Extended human-to-human transmission during a monkeypox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22, 1014, 10.3201/eid2206.150579

F. Jezek ZaF, 1988, Human monkeypox.

MG Reynolds, 2007, Spectrum of infection and risk factors for human monkeypox, United States, 2003, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13, 1332, 10.3201/eid1309.070175

N Hoff, 2014, Risk factors associated with human monkeypox in the democratic republic of Congo, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 199

JC Kile, 2005, Transmission of monkeypox among persons exposed to infected prairie dogs in Indiana in 2003., Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 159, 1022

DR Croft, 2007, Occupational risks during a monkeypox outbreak, Wisconsin, 2003, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 13, 1150, 10.3201/eid1308.061365

Z Jezek, 1986, Four generations of probable person-to-person transmission of human monkeypox, American Journal of Epidemiology, 123, 1004, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114328

LA Learned, 2005, Extended interhuman transmission of monkeypox in a hospital community in the Republic of the Congo, 2003., American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene, 73, 428, 10.4269/ajtmh.2005.73.428

G Muller, 1988, Monkeypox virus in liver and spleen of child in Gabon, Lancet, 1, 769, 10.1016/S0140-6736(88)91580-2

DR Congo: MSF launches mass measles vaccination campaign in a country ravaged by catastrophic health situation. [Internet]. Reliefweb; 2002

WHO AFRO Outbreaks and Other Emergencies, Week 13: 25 – 31 March 2017 Data as reported by 17:00 31 March [Internet]. Reliefweb: WHO; 2017

WHO. WHO AFRO Outbreaks and Other Emergencies, Week 13: 25 – 31 March 2017 Data as reported by 17:00 31 March. Reliefweb: 2017.

WHO. Monkeypox – Cameroon. 2018.

JG Breman, 1980, Human monkeypox, 1970-79, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 58, 165

JJ Sejvar, 2004, Human monkeypox infection: A family cluster in the Midwestern United States, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 190, 1833, 10.1086/425039

L Osadebe, 2017, Enhancing case definitions for surveillance of human monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of Congo, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 11, 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005857

CM Hughes, 2015, Co-infections with monkeypox and varicella zoster viruses, the democratic republic of the Congo, 2010-2013, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 93, 444

ER Zell, 1994, Outbreaks in Highly Vaccinated Populations: Implications for Studies of Vaccine Performance, American Journal of Epidemiology, 139, 77, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116937

MG Reynolds, 2012, Outbreaks of human monkeypox after cessation of smallpox vaccination, Trends in Microbiology, 20, 80, 10.1016/j.tim.2011.12.001