A systematic review of cognitive-behavioral therapy for pharmacotherapy treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder

Ackerman, 1998, Clinical characteristics of response to fluoxetine treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 18, 185, 10.1097/00004714-199806000-00002 Alacron, 1993, A predictive study of obsessive compulsive response to clomipramine, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 13, 210 Albert, 2012, Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy addition to pharmacotherapy in resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: A multicenter study, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 81, 383, 10.1159/000336873 Albert, 2013, Treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): Current knowledge and open questions, Clinical Neuropsychiatry: Journal of Treatment Evaluation, 10, 19 Anand, 2011, Cognitive behavior therapy in medication non-responders with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A prospective 1-year follow-up study, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25, 939, 10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.05.007 Arumugham, 2013, Augmentation strategies in obsessive-compulsive disorder, Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 13, 187, 10.1586/ern.12.160 Boschen, 2008, Treatment of severe, treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: A study of inpatient and community treatment, CNS Spectrums, 13, 1056, 10.1017/S1092852900017119 Brakoulias, 2019, A systematic review of the use of risperidone, paliperidone and aripiprazole as augmenting agents for obsessive-compulsive disorder, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 20, 47, 10.1080/14656566.2018.1540590 Bystritsky, 1996, A preliminary study of partial hospital management of severe obsessive-compulsive disorder, Psychiatric Services, 47, 170, 10.1176/ps.47.2.170 Diniz, 2010, Quetiapine versus clomipramine in the augmentation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized, open-label trial, Journal of Psychopharmacology, 24, 297, 10.1177/0269881108099423 Dold, 2013, Antipsychotic augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 16, 557, 10.1017/S1461145712000740 Dold, 2015, Antipsychotic augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: An update meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 18, 1, 10.1093/ijnp/pyv047 Downs, 1998, The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 52, 377, 10.1136/jech.52.6.377 Eddy, 2004, A multidimensional meta-analysis of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder, Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 1011, 10.1016/j.cpr.2004.08.004 Eisen, 1998, The Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale: Reliability and validity, The American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 102, 10.1176/ajp.155.1.102 Erzegovesi, 2001, Clinical predictors of drug response in obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 21, 272, 10.1097/00004714-200110000-00006 Fallon, 1998, Intravenous clomipramine for obsessive-compulsive disorder refractory to oral clomipramine, Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 918, 10.1001/archpsyc.55.10.918 Fatori, 2018, Adaptive treatment strategies for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A sequential multiple assignment randomized trial, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 58, 42, 10.1016/j.janxdis.2018.07.002 Fava, 2009, Increasing psychological well-being and resilience by psychotherapeutic methods, Journal of Personality, 77, 1904, 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00604.x Fineberg, 2013, Pharmacotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Evidence-based treatment and beyond, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 47, 121, 10.1177/0004867412461958 Foa, 2002, The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: Development and validation of a short version, Psychological Assessment, 14, 485, 10.1037/1040-3590.14.4.485 Foa, 2013, Six-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial augmenting serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment with exposure and ritual prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 74, 464, 10.4088/JCP.12m08017 Foa, 2015, Six-month outcomes from a randomized trial augmenting serotonin reuptake inhibitors with exposure and response prevention or risperidone in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76, 440, 10.4088/JCP.14m09044 Franklin, 2011, Cognitive behavior therapy augmentation of pharmacotherapy in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: The Pediatric OCD Treatment Study II (POTS II) randomized controlled trial, Journal of the American Medical Association, 306, 1224, 10.1001/jama.2011.1344 Ghaemi, 2008, Long-term antidepressant treatment in bipolar disorder: Meta-analyses of benefits and risks, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 118, 347, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01257.x Goodman, 1989, The Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale. II. Validity, Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 1012, 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110054008 Goodman, 1989, The Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale. I. Development, use, and reliability, Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 1006, 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007 Guy, 1976 Hollander, 2004, Beyond refractory obsessions and anxiety states: Toward remission, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65, 3 Hooper, 2008, Age-related macular degeneration and low-vision rehabilitation: A systematic review, Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology, 43, 180, 10.3129/i08-001 Insel, 1983, Obsessive-compulsive disorder. A double-blind trial of clomipramine and clorgyline, Archives of General Psychiatry, 40, 605, 10.1001/archpsyc.1983.04390010015002 Kampman, 2002, Addition of cognitive-behaviour therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder patients non-responding to fluoxetine, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 106, 314, 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2002.01261.x Katzman, 2014, Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders, BMC Psychiatry, 14, S1, 10.1186/1471-244X-14-S1-S1 Koran, 2007 Krebs, 2010, Treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder in young people: Assessment and treatment strategies, Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 15, 2, 10.1111/j.1475-3588.2009.00548.x Leon, 1995, The social costs of anxiety disorders, The British Journal of Psychiatry, 27, 19, 10.1192/S0007125000293355 Maina, 2003, Antipsychotic augmentation for treatment resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: What if antipsychotic is discontinued?, International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 18, 23 Mancebo, 2011, Patient utilization of cognitive-behavioral therapy for OCD, Behavior Therapy, 42, 399, 10.1016/j.beth.2010.10.002 Marazziti, 2008, Effectiveness of long-term augmentation with citalopram to clomipramine in treatment-resistant OCD patients, CNS Spectrums, 13, 971, 10.1017/S1092852900014024 March, 1997, The expert consensus guideline series: Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 58, 3 Marques, 2010, Barriers to treatment and service utilization in an internet sample of individuals with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, Depression and Anxiety, 27, 470, 10.1002/da.20694 McCabe, 2019, Improving treatment outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Does a motivational intervention boost efficacy?, Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 22, 100446, 10.1016/j.jocrd.2019.100446 McDougle, 1994, Haloperidol addition in fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with and without tics, Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 302, 10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950040046006 McLean, 2015, Exposure and response prevention helps adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder who do not respond to pharmacological augmentation strategies, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76, 1653, 10.4088/JCP.14m09513 Moher, 2009, Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement, PLoS Medicine, 6, 1, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 Nakatani, 2008, Outcome of additional behaviour therapy including treatment discontinuation for fluvoxamine non-responders with obsessive-compulsive disorder, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 77, 393, 10.1159/000151521 National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence [NICE], 2005 O'Connor, 2006, Cognitive behaviour therapy and medication in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 113, 408, 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2006.00767.x Osland, 2018, The prevalence of diagnosed obsessive compulsive disorder and associated comorbidities: A population-based Canadian study, Psychiatry Research, 268, 137, 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.018 Pallanti, 2006, Treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: Methodological issues, operational definitions and therapeutic lines, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 30, 400, 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.11.028 Pallanti, 2002, Citalopram intravenous infusion in resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: An open trial, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 63, 796, 10.4088/JCP.v63n0908 Patel, S. R., Wheaton, M. G., Andersson, E., Rück, C., Schmidt, A. B., La Lima, C.N., … Simpson, H. B. (2018). Acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of internet‐based cognitive‐behavioral therapy for obsessive‐compulsive disorder in New York. Behavior Therapy, 49, 631‐641. Patterson, 2016, Augmentation strategies for treatment‐resistant anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis, Depression and Anxiety, 33, 728, 10.1002/da.22525 Prasko, 2009, Predicting the therapeutic response to cognitive behavioural therapy in patients with pharmacoresistant obsessive-compulsive disorder, Neuroendocrinology Letters, 30, 615 Ravizza, 1995, Predictors of drug treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 56, 368 Riggs, 1992, Marital distress and the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder, Behavior Therapy, 23, 585, 10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80223-0 Rodrigues, 2011, CBT for pharmacotherapy non-remitters - a systematic review of a next-step strategy, Journal of Affective Disorders, 129, 219, 10.1016/j.jad.2010.08.025 Rowa, 2007, Office-based vs. home-based behavioral treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 1883, 10.1016/j.brat.2007.02.009 Ruscio, 2010, The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the national comorbidity survey replication, Molecular Psychiatry, 15, 53, 10.1038/mp.2008.94 Salvi, 2008, The use of antidepressants in bipolar disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 69, 1307, 10.4088/JCP.v69n0816 Sanavio, 1988, Obsessions and compulsions: The Padua Inventory, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 26, 169, 10.1016/0005-7967(88)90116-7 Sayyah, 2018, Pharmacotherapy for treatment-respondent vs. refractory obsessive–compulsive disorder in children and adults: Strategies, meta-analyses and clinical guidelines, Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 20, 42, 10.12740/APP/92745 Scahill, 1997, Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: Reliability and validity, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 844, 10.1097/00004583-199706000-00023 Simpson, 2013, Cognitive-behavioral therapy vs risperidone for augmenting serotonin reuptake inhibitors in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized clinical trial, JAMA Psychiatry, 70, 1190, 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1932 Simpson, 2008, A randomized, controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy for augmenting pharmacotherapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder, American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 621, 10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07091440 Simpson, 1999, Cognitive-behavioral therapy as an adjunct to serotonin reuptake inhibitors in obsessive-compulsive disorder: An open trial, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 60 9, 584, 10.4088/JCP.v60n0904 Skapinakis, 2016, Pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions for management of obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis, Lancet Psychiatry, 3, 730, 10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30069-4 Sookman, 2010, Specialized cognitive behavior therapy for treatment resistant obsessive compulsive disorder, 31 Stein, 2012, A 2012 evidence-based algorithm for the pharmacotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder, Current Psychiatry Reports, 14, 211, 10.1007/s11920-012-0268-9 Storch, 2010, An open trial of intensive family based cognitive-behavioral therapy in youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder who are medication partial responders or nonresponders, Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39, 260, 10.1080/15374410903532676 Tenneij, 2005, Behavior therapy augments response of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder responding to drug treatment, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 66, 1169, 10.4088/JCP.v66n0913 Thiel, 2016, Schema therapy augmented exposure and response prevention in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Feasibility and efficacy of a pilot study, Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 52, 59, 10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.03.006 Tolin, 2007, A randomized controlled trial of self-directed versus therapist-directed cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder patients with prior medication trials, Behavior Therapy, 38, 179, 10.1016/j.beth.2006.07.001 Tolin, 2004, Cognitive-behavioral therapy for medication nonresponders with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A wait-list-controlled open trial, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65, 922, 10.4088/JCP.v65n0708 Trac, 2016, Macrolide antibiotics and the risk of ventricular arrhythmia in older adults, Canadian Medical Association Journal, 188, E12, 10.1503/cmaj.150901 Tundo, 2007, Addition of cognitive-behavioral therapy for nonresponders to medication for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A naturalistic study, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 68, 1552, 10.4088/JCP.v68n1013 Tundo, 2009, Efficacia della terapia cognitivo comportamentale nel disturbo ossessivo compulsivo farmacoresistente. studio naturalistico a 12 mesi, Giornale Italiano Di Psicopatologia/Italian Journal of Psychopathology, 15, 243 VanDyke, 2005, Treatment of refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: The St. Louis model, Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 12, 30, 10.1016/S1077-7229(05)80037-9 Veale, 2014, Atypical antipsychotic augmentation in SSRI treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis, BMC Psychiatry, 14, 317, 10.1186/s12888-014-0317-5 Veale, 2016, Outcome of intensive cognitive behaviour therapy in a residential setting for people with severe obsessive compulsive disorder: A large open case series, Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 44, 331, 10.1017/S1352465815000259 Vyskocilova, 2016, Cognitive behavioral therapy in pharmacoresistant obsessive–compulsive disorder, Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 12, 625 Weissman, 1994, The cross national epidemiology of obsessive compulsive disorder. The Cross National Collaborative Group, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55, 5