A strong regioregularity effect in self-organizing conjugated polymer films and high-efficiency polythiophene:fullerene solar cells

Nature Materials - Tập 5 Số 3 - Trang 197-203 - 2006
Youngkyoo Kim1, Steffan Cook2, Sachetan M. Tuladhar1, Stelios A. Choulis1, Jenny Nelson1, James R. Durrant2, Donal D. C. Bradley1, Mark Giles3, Iain McCulloch3, Chang‐Sik Ha4, Moonhor Ree5
1Department of Physics, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, UK
2Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UK
3Merck Chemicals, Chilworth Science Park,Southampton,UK
4Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea
5Department of Chemistry & Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Tang, C. W. A two-layer organic solar cell. Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 183–185 (1986).

Sariciftci, N. S., Smilowitz, L., Heeger, A. J. & Wudl, F. Photoinduced electron transfer from a conducting polymer to buckminsterfullerene. Science 258, 1474–1476 (1992).

Halls, J. J. M. et al. Efficient photodiodes from interpenetrating networks. Nature 376, 498–500 (1995).

Yu, G., Gao, J., Hummelen, J. C., Wudl, F. & Heeger, A. J. Polymer photovoltaic cells: enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions. Science 270, 1789–1791 (1995).

Nelson, J. Organic photovoltaic films. Mater. Today 5, 20–27 (2002).

Brabec, C. J., Sariciftci, N. S. & Hummelen, J. C. Plastic solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 11, 15–26 (2001).

Brabec, C. J., Shaheen, S. E., Winder, C., Sariciftci, N. S. & Denk, P. Effect of LiF/metal electrodes on the performance of plastic solar cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1288–1290 (2002).

Schilinsky, P., Waldauf, C. & Brabec, C. J. Recombination and loss analysis in polythiophene based bulk heterojunction photodetectors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3885–3887 (2002).

Padinger, F., Ritterberger, R. S. & Sariciftci, N. S. Effects of postproduction treatment on plastic solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 13, 85–88 (2003).

Kim, Y. et al. Device annealing effect in organic solar cells with blends of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) and soluble fullerene. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 063502 (2005).

Reyes-Reyes, M., Kim, K. & Carroll, D. L. High-efficieny photovoltaic devices based on annealed poly(3-hexylthiophene) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-pheny-(6,6)C61 blends. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 083506 (2005).

Li, G. et al. High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends. Nature Mater. 4, 864–868 (2005).

Brown, P. J. et al. Effect of interchain interactions on the absorption and emission of poly(3-hexylthiophene). Phys. Rev. B 67, 064203 (2003).

Zhokhavets, U., Gobsch, G., Hoppe, H. & Sariciftci, N. S. Anisotropic optical properties of thin poly(3-octylthiophene)-films as a function of preparation conditions. Synth. Met. 143, 113–117 (2004).

Sirringhaus, H. et al. Two-dimensional charge transport in self-organized, high mobility conjugated polymers. Nature 401, 685–688 (1999).

Kline, R. J. et al. Dependence of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) film morphology and field-effect mobility on molecular weight. Macromolecules 38, 3312–3319 (2005).

Österbacka, R., An, C. P., Jiang, X. M. & Vardeny, Z. V. Two-dimensional electronic excitations in self-assembled conjugated polymer nanocrystals. Science 287, 839–842 (2000).

Choulis, S. A. et al. High ambipolar and balanced carrier mobility in regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene). Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3890–3892 (2004).

Montanari, I. et al. Transient optical studies of charge recombination dynamics in a polymer/fullerene composite at room temperature. Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 3001–3003 (2002).

Nelson, J. Diffusion-limited recombination in polymer-fullerene blends and its influence on photocurrent collection. Phys. Rev. B 67, 155209 (2003).

Guldi, D. M., Hungerbühler, H. & Asmus, K.-D. Redox and excitation studies with C60-substituted malonic acid diethyl esters. J. Phys. Chem. 99, 9380–9385 (1995).

Kim, Y. et al. Composition and annealing effects in polythiophene/fullerene solar cells. J. Mater. Sci. 40, 1371–1376 (2005).

Chirvase, D., Parisi, J., Hummelen, J. C. & Dyakonov, V. Influence of nanomorphology on the photovoltaic action of polymer-fullerene composites. Nanotechnology 15, 1317–1323 (2004).

Kim, Y. et al. Organic photovoltaic devices based on blends of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole). Chem. Mater. 16, 4812–4818 (2004).

Koller, G., Falk, B., Weller, C., Giles, M. & McCulloch, I. Process of preparing regioregular poly-(3-substituted) thiophenes. World patent WO2005/014691 (2005).

Hummelen, J. C. et al. Preparation and characterization of fulleroid and methanofullerene derivatives. J. Org. Chem. 60, 532–538 (1995).