A seismological overview of the induced earthquakes in the Duvernay play near Fox Creek, Alberta

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth - Tập 122 Số 1 - Trang 492-505 - 2017
Ryan Schultz1, Ruijia Wang2, Yu Jeffrey Gu2, Kristine Haug1, Gail M. Atkinson3
1Alberta Geological Survey, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
2Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
3Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada

Tóm tắt

AbstractThis paper summarizes the current state of understanding regarding the induced seismicity in connection with hydraulic fracturing operations targeting the Duvernay Formation in central Alberta, near the town of Fox Creek. We demonstrate that earthquakes in this region cluster into distinct sequences in time, space, and focal mechanism using (i) cross‐correlation detection methods to delineate transient temporal relationships, (ii) double‐difference relocations to confirm spatial clustering, and (iii) moment tensor solutions to assess fault motion consistency. The spatiotemporal clustering of the earthquake sequences is strongly related to the nearby hydraulic fracturing operations. In addition, we identify a preference for strike‐slip motions on subvertical faults with an approximate 45° P axis orientation, consistent with expectation from the ambient stress field. The hypocentral geometries for two of the largest‐magnitude (M ~4) sequences that are robustly constrained by local array data provide compelling evidence for planar features starting at Duvernay Formation depths and extending into the shallow Precambrian basement. We interpret these lineaments as subvertical faults orientated approximately north‐south, consistent with the regional moment tensor solutions. Finally, we conclude that the sequences were triggered by pore pressure increases in response to hydraulic fracturing stimulations along previously existing faults.

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