A review of novel methods and current developments of phase change materials in the building walls for cooling applications

Satola, 2021, Life cycle GHG emissions of residential buildings in humid subtropical and tropical climates: systematic review and analysis, Buildings, 11, 6, 10.3390/buildings11010006 https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-product/net-zero-by-2050-scenario, (Accessed on 2021 June 16). Construction: Towards a zero-emission, efficient and resilient buildings and construction sector. Global status report - buildings and construction sector 2019; https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/publication/ (Accessed 2021 June 18). Sarbu, 2018, A comprehensive review of thermal energy storage, Sustainability, 10, 191, 10.3390/su10010191 Ben Romdhane, 2020, A review on thermal energy storage using phase change materials in passive building applications, J. Build. Eng., 32, 101563, 10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101563 Dincer I, Rosen MA. Thermal energy storage: systems and applications – 2nd edition 2011; John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Faraj, 2020, Phase change material thermal energy storage systems for cooling applications in buildings: a review, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 119, 109579, 10.1016/j.rser.2019.109579 Baetens, 2010, Phase change materials for building applications: a state-of-the-art review, Energy Build., 42, 1361, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.03.026 Morcos, 1990, Investigation of a latent heat thermal energy storage system, Solar Wind Technol., 7, 197, 10.1016/0741-983X(90)90087-I Sadasuke, 1991, Heat transfer enhancement by fins in latent heat thermal energy devices, Sol Energy, ASME, 223 Konuklu, 2015, Review on using microencapsulated phase change materials (PCM) in building applications, Energy Build, 106, 134, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.07.019 Shukla, 2012, Performance characterization of PCM impregnated gypsum board for building applications, Energy Procedia, 30, 370, 10.1016/j.egypro.2012.11.044 Li, 2020, Building heating applications with phase change material: a comprehensive review, J Storage Mater, 31, 101634 Bourdeau L, Jaffrin A. Latent Heat Diode Wall. Editor(s): T. Nejat Veziroglu. Solar Energy International Progress, Pergamon 1980; Pages 802-826. 10.1016/B978-1-4832-8437-8.50059-4. Swet, 1980, Phase change storage in passive solar architecture, 282 Chandra, 1985, Thermal performance of a non-air-conditioned building with PCM thermal storage wall, Energy Convers Manage, 25, 15, 10.1016/0196-8904(85)90064-0 Ghoneim, 1991, Analysis of collector-storage building walls using phase-change materials, Sol Energy, 47, 237, 10.1016/0038-092X(91)90084-A Hichem, 2013, Experimental and numerical study of a usual brick filled with PCM to improve the thermal inertia of buildings, Energy Procedia, 36, 766, 10.1016/j.egypro.2013.07.089 Lai, 2006, How phase change materials affect thermal performance: hollow bricks, Build Res Inf, 34, 118, 10.1080/09613210500493197 Alawadhi, 2008, Thermal analysis of a building brick containing phase change material, Energy Build, 40, 351, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.03.001 Knowles, 1983, Proportioning composites for efficient thermal storage walls, Sol Energy, 31, 319, 10.1016/0038-092X(83)90020-8 Abbasi Hattan, 2021, Thermal and mechanical properties of building external walls plastered with cement mortar incorporating shape-stabilized phase change materials (SSPCMs), Constr Build Mater, 270, 121385, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121385 Benson DK, Webb JD, Burrows RW, Mc Fadden JD O, Christensen C. Materials research for passive solar systems: solid-state phase-change materials. Solar Energy Research Institute, US Department of Energy 1985; Contract EG-77-C-01-4042. 10.2172/5923397. Kośny J, Starakiewicz A. Evaluation of the effects of use in building unventilated Trombe's defence. PZITB Lodz, Scientific, and Technical Conference, Building Physics with Theory and Practice 1987; Lodz. Khan, 2020, Investigation of heat transfer of a building wall in the presence of phase change material (PCM), Energy Build Environ, 1, 199, 10.1016/j.enbenv.2020.01.002 Stritih, 1996, Solar heat storage wall for building ventilation, Renewable Energy, 8, 268, 10.1016/0960-1481(96)88860-4 Buddhi, 1999, Measurements of transmittance of solar radiation through stearic acid: latent heat storage material, Energy Convers Manage, 40, 1979, 10.1016/S0196-8904(99)00077-1 Lee, 2000, Control aspects of latent heat storage and recovery in concrete, Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells, 62, 217, 10.1016/S0927-0248(99)00128-2 Al-Yasiri, 2021, Experimental evaluation of the optimal position of a macro encapsulated phase change material incorporated composite roof under hot climate conditions, Sustainable Energy Technol Assess, 45, 101 Wonorahardjo, 2021, PCM-based passive air conditioner in urban houses for the tropical climates: an experimental analysis on the stratum air circulation, Build Environ, 192, 107632, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107632 Karaipekli, 2009, Capric–myristic acid/vermiculite composite as form-stable phase change material for thermal energy storage, Sol Energy, 83, 323, 10.1016/j.solener.2008.08.012 Berthou, 2015, Full-scale experimentation on a new translucent passive solar wall combining silica aerogels and phase change materials, Sol Energy, 115, 733, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.03.038 Lee, 2018, Thermal performance of phase change materials (PCM)-enhanced cellulose insulation in passive solar residential building walls, Sol Energy, 163, 113, 10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.086 Chelliah, 2021, Thermal behaviour analysis and cost-saving opportunities of PCM-integrated terracotta brick buildings, Adv Civil Eng, 2021, 1, 10.1155/2021/6670930 Saxena, 2018, Phase change material (PCM) incorporated bricks for energy conservation in composite climate: a sustainable building solution, Sol Energy, 183, 276, 10.1016/j.solener.2019.03.035 Saxena, 2020, Experimental assessment of Phase Change Material (PCM) embedded bricks for passive conditioning in buildings, Renewable Energy, 149, 587, 10.1016/j.renene.2019.12.081 Rathore, 2020, An experimental evaluation of thermal behaviour of the building envelope using macro encapsulated PCM for energy savings, Renewable Energy, 149, 1300, 10.1016/j.renene.2019.10.130 Silva, 2012, Experimental testing and numerical modelling of masonry wall solution with PCM incorporation: a passive construction solution, Energy Build, 49, 235, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.02.010 Lakhdari, 2020, Analysis of the thermal response of a dual-phase change material embedded in a multi-layered building envelope, Appl Therm Eng, 179, 1155022, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115502 Mukram, 2018, Thermal analysis of PCM integrated building blocks for a passive cooling application, IOP Conf. Series Mater Sci Eng, 376 Mukram, 2020, Heat transfer analysis of building brick filled with microencapsulated phase change material, AIP Conf Proc, 2236 Kumar, 2019, Effect of phase change material integration in clay hollow brick composite in building envelope for thermal management of energy-efficient buildings, J Build, 43, 351 Mukram, 2020, Building bricks with PCM inserts for Passive cooling applications, IOP Conf. Series: Earth Environ Sci, 573 Zhou H, Fransson A, Olofsson T. Influence of phase change materials (PCMs) on the thermal performance of building envelopes. E3S Web Conf 172, 21002 (2020) NSB 2020. DOI:10.1051/e3sconf/202017221002. Shahcheraghian, 2021, Utilising latent thermal energy storage in building envelopes to minimise thermal loads and enhance comfort, J Storage Mater, 33, 102119 Da Cunha, 2016, Thermal energy storage for low and medium temperature applications using phase change materials – a review, Appl Energy, 177, 227, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.097 Al-Yasiri, 2021, Incorporation of phase change materials into building envelope for thermal comfort and energy saving: a comprehensive analysis, J Build Eng, 36, 102 Farid, 2004, A review on phase change energy storage: materials and applications, Energy Convers Manage, 45, 1597, 10.1016/j.enconman.2003.09.015 Velraj, 1999, Heat transfer enhancement in a latent heat storage system, Sol Energy, 65, 171, 10.1016/S0038-092X(98)00128-5 Souayfane, 2016, Phase change materials (PCM) for cooling applications in buildings: A review, Energy Build, 129, 396, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.04.006 Soares, 2013, Review of passive PCM latent heat thermal energy storage systems towards buildings’ energy efficiency, Energy Build, 59, 82, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.12.042 Lu S, Li Y, Kong X, Pang B, Chen Y, Zheng S, Sun L. A Review of PCM Energy Storage Technology Used in Buildings for the Global Warming Solution. In: Zhang X., Dincer I. (eds) Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming. Lecture Notes in Energy 2017; 33. Springer, Cham. 10.1007/978-3-319-26950-4_31. Cellat, 2017, A comparative study on corrosion behaviour of rebar in concrete with fatty acid additive as phase change material, Constr Build Mater, 143, 490, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.165 Frigione, 2019, Phase change materials for energy efficiency in buildings and their use in mortars, Materials, 12, 1260, 10.3390/ma12081260 Marani, 2019, Integrating phase change materials in construction materials: critical review, Constr Build Mater, 217, 36, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.05.064 Chandel, 2017, Review of current state of research on energy storage, toxicity, health hazards and commercialization of phase changing materials, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 67, 581, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.070 Giro-Paloma, 2015, Comparison of phase change slurries: physicochemical and thermal properties, Energy, 87, 223, 10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.071 Milián, 2017, A review on encapsulation techniques for inorganic phase change materials and the influence on their thermophysical properties, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 73, 983, 10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.159 Cheng, 2015, Effect of thermal conductivities of shape stabilized PCM on under-floor heating system, Appl Energy, 144, 10, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.01.055 Gandhi, 2020, A review on shape-stabilized phase change materials for latent energy storage in buildings, Sustainability, 12, 9481, 10.3390/su12229481 Ikutegbe, 2020, Application of phase change material foam composites in the built environment: a critical review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 131, 110008, 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110008 Peippo, 1991, A multicomponent PCM wall optimized for passive solar heating, Energy Build, 17, 259, 10.1016/0378-7788(91)90009-R Cabeza, 2011, Materials used as PCM in thermal energy storage in buildings: a review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 15, 1675, 10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.018 Eanest Jebasingh, 2020, A detailed review on heat transfer rate, supercooling, thermal stability and reliability of nanoparticle dispersed organic phase change material for low-temperature applications, Mater Today Energy, 16, 100408, 10.1016/j.mtener.2020.100408 Rathod, 2013, Thermal stability of phase change materials used in latent heat energy storage systems: a review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 18, 246, 10.1016/j.rser.2012.10.022 Song, 2010, Preparation and characterization of flame retardant form-stable phase change materials composed by EPDM, paraffin and nano magnesium hydroxide, Energy, 35, 2179, 10.1016/j.energy.2010.02.002 Zalba, 2003, Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials: heat transfer analysis and applications, Appl Therm Eng, 23, 251, 10.1016/S1359-4311(02)00192-8 Telkes M. Thermal storage for solar heating and cooling. Proceedings of the workshop on solar energy storage subsystems for the heating and cooling of buildings 1975; Charlotteville (Virginia USA). Lane GA. Solar heat storage: Latent heat material, Vol 2 1986; CRC Press, Florida. Barkmann HG, Wessling FC. Use of building structural components for thermal storage. Proceedings of the workshop on solar energy storage subsystems for the heating and cooling of buildings 1975; Charlotteville (Virginia USA). Hawes, 1993, Latent heat storage in building materials, Energy Build, 20, 77, 10.1016/0378-7788(93)90040-2 Morikama Y, Suzuki H, Okagawa F, Kanki K. A development of building element using PCM. Proceedings of the International Symposium on the thermal application of solar energy 1985; Hakone, Japan. Lee, 1998, Crystalline morphology in high-density polyethylene/paraffin blend for thermal energy storage, Polym Compos, 19, 704, 10.1002/pc.10143 Akeiber, 2016, A review on phase change material (PCM) for sustainable passive cooling in building envelopes, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 60, 1470, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.03.036 Mazlan, 2017, An overview of phase change materials for construction architecture thermal management in hot and dry climate region, Appl Therm Eng, 112, 1240, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.07.032 Arivazhagan, 2020, Review on performance assessment of phase change materials in buildings for thermal management through passive approach, Mater Today: Proc, 22, 419 Bland, 2017, PCMs for residential building applications: a short review focused on disadvantages and proposals for future development, Buildings, 7, 78, 10.3390/buildings7030078 Artmann, 2010, Experimental investigation of heat transfer during night-time ventilation, Energy Build, 42, 366, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.10.003 Desideri, 2009, Solar-powered cooling systems: technical and economic analysis on industrial refrigeration and air-conditioning applications, Appl Energy, 86, 1376, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.01.011 Santamouris, 2007, Recent progress on passive cooling techniques, Energy Build, 39, 859, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.02.008 Konstantinidou, 2010 Osterman, 2012, Review of PCM based cooling technologies for buildings, Energy Build, 49, 37, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.03.022 Waqas, 2013, Phase change material (PCM) storage for free cooling of buildings – a review, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev, 18, 607, 10.1016/j.rser.2012.10.034 Stritih, 2003, Heat transfer enhancement in latent heat thermal storage system for buildings, Energy Build, 35, 1097, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2003.07.001 Zalba, 2004, Free-cooling of buildings with phase change materials, Int J Refrig, 27, 839, 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2004.03.015 Kamali, 2014, Review of free cooling system using phase change material for building, Energy Build, 80, 131, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.05.021 Mosaffa, 2013, Thermal performance of a multiple PCM thermal storage unit for free cooling, Energy Convers Manage, 67, 1, 10.1016/j.enconman.2012.10.018 Mosaffa, 2013, Thermal performance optimization of free cooling systems using enhanced latent heat thermal storage unit, Appl Therm Eng, 59, 473, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.06.011 Anisur, 2014, Cooling of air using heptadecane phase change material in shell and tube arrangement: analytical and experimental study, Energy Build, 85, 98, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.09.015 Darzi, 2013, Numerical investigation of free-cooling system using plate-type PCM storage, Int Commun Heat Mass Transfer, 48, 155, 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2013.08.025 Rouault, 2013, Numerical modelling of tube bundle thermal energy storage for free-cooling of buildings, Appl Energy, 111, 1099, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.05.055 Lazaro, 2009, PCM-air heat exchangers for free-cooling applications in buildings: experimental results of two real-scale prototypes, Energy Convers Manage, 50, 439, 10.1016/j.enconman.2008.11.002 Tan, 2015, Study of a thermoelectric space cooling system integrated with phase change material, Appl Therm Eng, 86, 187, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.04.054 Panchabikesan, 2018, Enhancement in free cooling potential through PCM based storage system integrated with direct evaporative cooling (DEC) unit, Energy, 144, 443, 10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.117 Maccarini, 2018, Free cooling potential of a PCM-based heat exchanger coupled with a novel HVAC system for simultaneous heating and cooling of buildings, Sustainable Cities Soc, 42, 384, 10.1016/j.scs.2018.06.016 Helm, 2009, Solar heating and cooling system with absorption chiller and low-temperature latent heat storage: energetic performance and operational experience, Int J Refrig, 32, 596, 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2009.02.010 Zheng, 2019, Experimental study on the thermal performance of solar air conditioning system with MEPCM cooling storage, Int J Low-Carbon Technol, 14, 83, 10.1093/ijlct/cty062 Kabeel, 2018, Solar energy-assisted desiccant air conditioning system with PCM as a thermal storage medium, Renewable Energy, 122, 632, 10.1016/j.renene.2018.02.020 Hu, 2020, Experimental and numerical study of a PCM solar air heat exchanger and its ventilation preheating effectiveness, Renewable Energy, 145, 106, 10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.115 Labat, 2014, Experimental assessment of a PCM to air heat exchanger storage system for building ventilation application, Appl Therm Eng, 66, 375, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.02.025 Gil, 2013, Experimental analysis of the effectiveness of a high-temperature thermal storage tank for solar cooling applications, Appl Therm Eng, 54, 521, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.02.016 Gil, 2014, Experimental analysis of hydroquinone used as phase change material (PCM) to be applied in solar cooling refrigeration, Int J Refrig, 39, 95, 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2013.05.013 Belmonte, 2014, PCM in the heat rejection loops of absorption chillers. A feasibility study for the residential sector in Spain, Energy Build, 80, 331, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.04.057 Stropnik, 2019, Improved thermal energy storage for nearly zero energy buildings with PCM integration, Sol Energy, 190, 420, 10.1016/j.solener.2019.08.041 Chinnasamy, 2019, A real-time experimental investigation of building-integrated thermal energy storage with air-conditioning system for indoor temperature regulation, Energy storage, 1, 10.1002/est2.43 Fang, 2010, Experimental study on cool storage air-conditioning system with spherical capsules packed bed, Energy Build, 42, 1056, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.01.018 Allouche, 2017, Dynamic simulation of an integrated solar-driven ejector-based air conditioning system with PCM cold storage, Appl Energy, 190, 600, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.01.001 Chaiyat, 2015, Energy and economic analysis of a building air-conditioner with a phase change material (PCM), Energy Convers Manage, 94, 150, 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.01.068 Zhao, 2015, Numerical analysis of a shell-and-tube latent heat storage unit with fins for air-conditioning application, Appl Energy, 138, 381, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.10.051 Shen, 2020, Investigation on the thermal performance of the novel phase change materials wall with radiative cooling, Appl Therm Eng, 176, 115479, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115479 El Loubani, 2021, Hybrid cooling system integrating PCM-desiccant dehumidification and personal evaporative cooling for hot and humid climates, J Build Eng, 33, 101580, 10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101580 Yu, 2020, Parametric analysis of the phase change material wall combining with micro-channel heat pipe and sky radiative cooling technology, Renewable Energy, 178, 1057, 10.1016/j.renene.2021.07.001 He, 2019, Experimental study on the performance of a novel RC-PCM-wall, Energy Build, 199, 297, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.07.001 Wang, 2008, Raising evaporative cooling potentials using combined cooled ceiling and MPCM slurry storage, Energy Build, 40, 1691, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.02.028 Kalnæs, 2015, Phase change materials and products for building applications: a state-of-the-art review and future research opportunities, Energy Build, 94, 150, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.02.023 Stritih, 2018, Integration of passive PCM technologies for net-zero energy buildings, Sustainable Cities Soc, 41, 286, 10.1016/j.scs.2018.04.036 Entrop, 2011, Experimental research on the use of microencapsulated phase change materials to store solar energy in concrete floors and to save energy in Dutch houses, Sol Energy, 85, 1007, 10.1016/j.solener.2011.02.017 Nagano, 2006, Study of a floor supply air conditioning system using granular phase change material to augment building thermal mass storage – heat response in small scale experiments, Energy Build, 38, 436, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2005.07.010 Sun, 2020, Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of double-layer PCM radiant floor system containing two types of inorganic composite PCMs, Energy Build, 211, 109806, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.109806 Valizadeh, 2019, Development and thermal performance of wood-HDPE- PCM nanocapsule floor for passive cooling in building, Energy Sources Part A, 41, 2114, 10.1080/15567036.2018.1550125 Lu, 2020, Experimental study on double pipe PCM floor heating system under different operation strategies, Renewable Energy, 145, 1280, 10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.086 Bellos, 2016, Energetic and financial evaluation of solar-assisted heat pump space heating systems, Energy Convers Manage, 120, 306, 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.05.004 Lu, 2017, Establishment and experimental verification of TRNSYS model for PCM floor coupled with solar water heating system, Energy Build, 140, 245, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.02.018 Baek, 2019, Analysis of thermal performance and energy saving potential by PCM radiant floor heating system based on wet construction method and hot water, Energies, 12, 828, 10.3390/en12050828 Park, 2019, Analysis of the thermal storage performance of a radiant floor heating system with a PCM, Molecules, 24, 1352, 10.3390/molecules24071352 Larwa, 2021, Study on thermal performance of a PCM enhanced hydronic radiant floor heating system, Energy, 225, 120245, 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120245 Abden, 2020, Inclusion of methyl stearate/diatomite composite in gypsum board ceiling for building energy conservation, Appl Energy, 259, 114113, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114113 Lu, 2020, Performance analysis of PCM ceiling coupling with earth-air heat exchanger for building cooling, Materials, 13, 2890, 10.3390/ma13132890 Barzin, 2015, Application of PCM energy storage in combination with night ventilation for space cooling, Appl Energy, 158, 412, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.08.088 Jaworski, 2014, Numerical modelling and experimental studies of thermal behaviour of building-integrated thermal energy storage unit in a form of a ceiling panel, Appl Energy, 113, 548, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.07.068 Velasco-Carrasco, 2020, Experimental evaluation of thermal energy storage (TES) with phase change materials (PCM) for ceiling tile applications, Future Cities Environ, 6, 11, 10.5334/fce.101 Yan, 2020, Numerical study on convective heat transfer of nanofluid in a mini channel heat sink with micro-encapsulated PCM-cooled ceiling, Int J Heat Mass Transf, 153, 119589, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119589 Lin W, Ma Z, Sohel M, Cooper P. Development and evaluation of a ceiling ventilation system enhanced by solar photovoltaic thermal collectors and phase change materials. Energy Convers Manage 2014; 88, pp 218–230, 10 1016/j.enconman.2014.08.019. Liu, 2018, Experimental investigation of optical and thermal performance of a PCM-glazed unit for building applications, Energy Build, 158, 794, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.069 Li, 2020, Optical and thermal performance of glazing units containing PCM in buildings: a review, Constr Build Mater, 233, 117327, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117327 Tumirah, 2016, Advanced energy storage materials for building applications and their thermal performance characterization: a review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 57, 916, 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.081 Li, 2016, Experimental research on the dynamic thermal performance of a novel triple-pane building window filled with PCM, Sustainable Cities Soc, 27, 15, 10.1016/j.scs.2016.08.014 Mao, 2020, Study on heat transfer performance of a solar double-slope PCM glazed roof with different physical parameters, Energy Build, 223, 110141, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110141 Liu, 2019, Thermal performance of non-ventilated multilayer glazing facades filled with phase change material, Sol Energy, 177, 464, 10.1016/j.solener.2018.11.044 Li, 2018, Energy investigation of glazed windows containing Nano-PCM in different seasons, Energy Convers Manage, 172, 119, 10.1016/j.enconman.2018.07.015 Wang, 2019, Experimental investigation of thermal radiative properties of Al2O3-paraffin nanofluid, Sol Energy, 177, 420, 10.1016/j.solener.2018.11.034 Zhang, 2020, Seasonal thermal performance analysis of glazed window filled with paraffin including various nanoparticles, Int J Energy Res, 44, 3008, 10.1002/er.5129 Silva, 2015, Development of a window shutter with phase change materials: full scale outdoor experimental approach, Energy Build, 88, 110, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.11.053 Silva, 2015, Performance of a window shutter with phase change material under summer Mediterranean climate conditions, Appl Therm Eng, 84, 246, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.03.059 Johra, 2017, Influence of internal thermal mass on the indoor thermal dynamics and integration of phase change materials in furniture for building energy storage: a review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 69, 19, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.145 Shukla, Vinayak. Influence of PCM integrated furniture on internal heat gain produced due to occupancy: simulation study. Thesis 2018; CEPT University. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12725/9798. Yun, 2020, Integrated analysis of the energy and economic efficiency of PCM as an indoor decoration element: application to an apartment building, Sol Energy, 196, 437, 10.1016/j.solener.2019.12.006 Liu, 2016, Heat transfer and energy performance of a PVA wall tile containing macro-encapsulated PCM, Energies, 9, 652, 10.3390/en9080652 Shapiro MM, Feldman D. Hawes DW, Banu D. PCM thermal storage in wallboard. Proceedings of the 12th Passive Solar Conference, Portland (Oregon, USA) 1987; 48–58. Salyer IO, Sirkar AK. Phase Change Materials for Heating and cooling of residential buildings and other applications. Proceedings of the 25th inter society energy conversion engineering 1990; 236-243. doi: 10.1109/IECEC.1990.716495. Chahroudi D. Thermocrete heat storage materials: applications and performance specifications. In: Proceedings of Sharing the Sun Solar Technology in the Seventies Conference 1976; Winnipeg, USA. Chahroudi D. Development of thermocrete heat storage materials. Proceedings of the International Solar Energy Congress 1978; Vol. 1, New Delhi, India. 10.1016/B978-1-4832-8407-1.50102-1. Arce, 2012, Use of microencapsulated PCM in buildings and the effect of adding awnings, Energy Build, 44, 88, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.10.028 Yun, 2019, Thermal and mechanical behaviors of concrete with incorporation of strontium-based phase change material (PCM), Int J Concr Struct Mater, 13, 10.1186/s40069-018-0326-8 Mohseni, 2020, Thermal performance and corrosion resistance of structural-functional concrete made with inorganic PCM, Constr Build Mater, 249, 118768, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118768 Bao, 2019, Development of high-performance PCM cement composites for passive solar buildings, Energy Build, 194, 33, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.04.011 Frazzica, 2019, Thermal performance of hybrid cement mortar-PCMs for warm climates application, Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells, 193, 270, 10.1016/j.solmat.2019.01.022 Kusama, 2017, Thermal effects of a novel phase change material (PCM) plaster under different insulation and heating scenarios, Energy Build, 141, 226, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.02.033 Li, 2020, Experimental thermal performance of wallboard with hybrid microencapsulated phase change materials for building application, J Build Eng, 28, 101051, 10.1016/j.jobe.2019.101051 Guardia, 2019, Thermal enhanced cement-lime mortars with phase change materials (PCM), lightweight aggregate and cellulose fibers, Constr Build Mater, 221, 586, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.098 Mohseni, 2019, Development of thermal energy storage lightweight structural cementitious composites by means of macro-encapsulated PCM, Constr Build Mater, 225, 182, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.136 Tuncel, 2018, A sustainable cold bonded lightweight PCM aggregate production: Its effects on concrete properties, Constr Build Mater, 181, 199, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.269 Memon, 2015, Utilization of macro encapsulated phase change materials for the development of thermal energy storage and structural lightweight aggregate concrete, Appl Energy, 139, 43, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.11.022 Sukontasukkul, 2019, Thermal properties of lightweight concrete incorporating high contents of phase change materials, Constr Build Mater, 207, 431, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.152 Shi, 2020, Thermal and mechanical properties of thermal energy storage lightweight aggregate mortar incorporated with phase change material, J Storage Mater, 32, 101719 Liao, 2019, Multifunctional lightweight aggregate containing phase change material and water for damage mitigation of concrete, ES Mater Manuf, 6, 49 Kulkarni, 2020, Improving thermal and mechanical property of lightweight concrete using N-butyl stearate/expanded clay aggregate with alccofine1203, Int J Eng, 33, 1842 Dehmous, 2021, Mechanical and thermal characterizations of various thermal energy storage concretes including low-cost bio-sourced PCM, Energy Build, 241, 110878, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.110878 Wang, 2018, Preparation and properties of fatty acids based thermal energy storage aggregate concrete, Constr Build Mater, 165, 1, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.034 Shi, 2014, Experimental assessment of position of macro encapsulated phase change material in concrete walls on indoor temperatures and humidity levels, Energy Build, 71, 80, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.12.001 Murathan, 2020, Evaluation of phase change materials used in building components for conservation of energy in buildings in hot dry climatic regions, Renewable Energy, 162, 1919, 10.1016/j.renene.2020.09.086 Arıcı, 2020, PCM integrated to external building walls: an optimization study on maximum activation of latent heat, Appl Therm Eng, 165, 114560, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114560 Tunçbilek, 2020, Thermal performance-based optimization of an office wall containing PCM under intermittent cooling operation, Appl Therm Eng, 179, 115750, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115750 Ghetany HE, Aly WI, Shalata HA, Eid AI, Wahed KA. Experimental investigation of an energy-saving system using Phase Change Materials in buildings. Egypt J Chem 2020; (63)11: 4533–4545. DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2020.27252.2565. Li, 2021, Thermo-economic analysis of a wall incorporating phase change material in a rural residence located in northeast China, Sustainable Energy Technol Assess, 44, 101091, 10.1016/j.seta.2021.101091 Li, 2021, Effect of melting point on thermodynamics of thin PCM reinforced residential frame walls in different climate zones, Appl Therm Eng, 188, 116615, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116615 Wu, 2021, Experimental investigation on the hygrothermal behavior of a new multilayer building envelope integrating PCM with bio-based material, Build Environ, 201, 107995, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107995 Gentilini, 2014, Mechanical properties of fired-clay brick masonry models in moist and dry conditions, KEM, 624, 307, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.624.307 Arunkumar, 2020, Investigation of heat transfer of wall with and without using phase change material, Mater Today: Proc, 33, 2646 Zhang, 2011, Thermal response of brick wall filled with phase change materials (PCM) under fluctuating outdoor temperatures, Energy Build, 43, 3514, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.09.028 Principi, 2012, Thermal analysis of the application of PCM and low emissivity coating in hollow bricks, Energy Build, 51, 131, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.04.022 Kant, 2017, Heat transfer studies of building brick containing phase change materials, Sol Energy, 155, 1233, 10.1016/j.solener.2017.07.072 Tunçbilek, 2020, Seasonal and annual performance analysis of PCM–integrated building brick under the climatic conditions of the Marmara region, J Therm Anal Calorim, 141, 613, 10.1007/s10973-020-09320-8 Mahdaoui, 2021, Building bricks with phase change material (PCM): thermal performances, Constr Build Mater, 269, 121315, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121315 Hamidi, 2021, Integrating PCM into hollow brick walls: toward energy conservation in Mediterranean regions, Energy Build, 248, 111214, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111214