Công nghệ giao hàng nano sinh học mới: Exosome miR-181b được thiết kế cải thiện sự kết hợp xương bằng cách điều chỉnh sự phân cực của đại thực bào
Tóm tắt
Nhiều bệnh nhân gặp phải tình trạng lỏng ghép sau khi cấy ghép hợp kim titan do phản ứng miễn dịch với các vật thể lạ, điều này có thể ức chế quá trình tạo xương tiếp theo, dẫn đến tình trạng lỏng ghép vô khuẩn và giảm sự tích hợp xương, trong khi hiện tại chưa có giải pháp phù hợp trong thực tiễn lâm sàng. Exosome (Exo) mang miRNA đã được chứng minh là một người mang nano thích hợp để giải quyết vấn đề này. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã khám phá xem liệu exosome overexpressing miR-181b (Exo-181b) có thể phát huy tác dụng tích cực trong việc thúc đẩy sự phân cực của đại thực bào M2, từ đó ức chế tình trạng viêm cũng như thúc đẩy quá trình tạo xương và làm rõ cơ chế tiềm ẩn trong vitro. Hơn nữa, chúng tôi đặt mục tiêu tìm hiểu xem liệu Exo-181b có thể tăng cường sự tích hợp xương hay không.
Trong môi trường in vitro, đầu tiên chúng tôi xác nhận rằng Exo-181b đã cải thiện đáng kể sự phân cực M2 và ức chế tình trạng viêm bằng cách ức chế PRKCD và kích hoạt p-AKT. Sau đó, trong môi trường in vivo, chúng tôi xác nhận rằng Exo-181b đã thúc đẩy sự phân cực M2, giảm phản ứng viêm và tăng cường sự tích hợp xương. Ngoài ra, chúng tôi cũng xác nhận rằng sự phân cực M2 được cải thiện có thể gián tiếp thúc đẩy sự di cư và phân hóa nguyên bào xương thông qua việc tiết ra VEGF và BMP-2 trong vitro
Exo-181b có thể ức chế phản ứng viêm bằng cách thúc đẩy sự phân cực M2 thông qua việc kích hoạt con đường truyền tín hiệu PRKCD/AKT, từ đó thúc đẩy quá trình tạo xương trong vitro và tăng cường sự tích hợp xương trong in vivo.
Từ khóa
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