A multilayer scaffold design with spatial arrangement of cells to modulate esophageal tissue growth
Tóm tắt
Esophageal diseases may require resectioning of the damaged portion. The current standard of care requires the replacement of the esophagus with the stomach or the intestine. Such procedures have high rates of mortality and morbidity; therefore, the use of alternative conduits is needed. A tissue engineering approach that allows for the regeneration of esophageal tissues would have significant clinical application. A cell‐seeded synthetic scaffold could replace the resected part of the esophagus and elicit tissue regrowth. In order to ideally recreate a functioning esophagus, its two crucial tissue layers should be induced: an epithelium on the luminal surface and a muscle layer on the exterior surface. To create a bioengineered esophagus with both tissue layers, a multilayer (ML) tubular scaffold design was considered. Luminal and exterior layers were electrospun with broad pore size to promote penetration and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells on the lumen and smooth muscle cells on the external. These two layers would be separated by a thin layer with substantially narrower pore size intended to act as a barrier for the two cell types. This ML scaffold design was achieved via electrospinning by tuning the solution and the process parameters. Analysis of the scaffold demonstrated that this tuning enabled the production of three integrated layers with distinguishable microstructures and good mechanical integrity.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
American Cancer Society. Esophagus Cancer Detailed Guide;2016[Online]. Available at:http://www.cancer.org/cancer/esophaguscancer/detailedguide/index.
U.S. National Library of Medicine. Esophagus Disorders. MedlinePlus;2016[Online]. Available at:https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/esophagusdisorders.html.
KuoB UrmaD.Esophagus—Anatomy and Development. GI Motility Online;2006[Online]. Available at:http://www.nature.com/gimo/contents/pt1/full/gimo6.html
Tuzlakoglu K, 2005, Nano‐ and micro‐fiber combined scaffolds: A new architecture for bone tissue engineering, J Mater Sci, 16, 1099
Traversa E, Tuning hierarchical architecture of 3D polymeric scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering, J Exp Nanosci, 208, 97
Yamada H., 1970, Strength of Biological Materials