A meta-analytic review of the approach-avoidance achievement goals and performance relationships in the sport psychology literature

Kyllo, 1995, Goal setting in sport and exercise: a research synthesis to resolve the controversy, J Sport Exerc Psychol, 17, 117, 10.1123/jsep.17.2.117 Beedie, 2000, The profile of mood states and athletic performance: two meta-analyses, J Appl Sport Psychol, 12, 49, 10.1080/10413200008404213 Elliot, 2006, Achievement goals, self-handicapping, and performance attainment: a meditational analysis, J Sport Exerc Psychol, 28, 344, 10.1123/jsep.28.3.344 Dweck, 1988, A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality, Psychol Rev, 95, 256, 10.1037/0033-295X.95.2.256 Roberts, 2007, The dynamics of motivation in sport: the influence of achievement goals on motivation processes, Handbook Sport Psychol, 3, 3 Elliot, 1997, Integrating the “classic” and “contemporary” approaches to achievement motivation: a hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation, 143 Elliot, 1999, Approach and avoidance motivation and achievement goals, Educ Psychol, 34, 169, 10.1207/s15326985ep3403_3 Elliot, 1997, A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation, J Pers Soc Psychol, 72, 218, 10.1037/0022-3514.72.1.218 Elliot, 1996, Approach and avoidance achievement goals and intrinsic motivation: a mediational analysis, J Pers Soc Psychol, 70, 461, 10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.461 Stevenson, 2011 Huang, 2012, Discriminant and criterion-related validity of achievement goals in predicting academic achievement: a meta-analysis, J Educ Psychol, 104, 48, 10.1037/a0026223 Payne, 2007, A meta-analytic examination of the goal orientation nomological net, J Appl Psychol, 92, 128, 10.1037/0021-9010.92.1.128 Ciani, 2011, Antecedents and trajectories of achievement goals: a self-determination theory perspective, Br J Educ Psychol, 81, 223, 10.1348/000709910X517399 Hagger, 2011, Achievement goals, physical self-concept, and social physique anxiety in a physical activity context, J Appl Soc Psychol, 41, 1299, 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00761.x Lochbaum, 2013, Stage of physical activity and approach-avoidance achievement goals in university students, Psycol Sport Exerc, 14, 161, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.09.004 Spray, 2013, Change in physical self-perceptions across the transition to secondary school: relationships with perceived teacher-emphasised achievement goals in physical education, Psychol Sport Exerc, 14, 662, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.05.001 Bois, 2009, Psychological characteristics and their relations to performance in professional golfers, Sport Psychol, 23, 252, 10.1123/tsp.23.2.252 Chalabaev, 2008, Do achievement goal mediate stereotype threat? An investigation on females' soccer performance, J Sport Exerc Psychol, 30, 143, 10.1123/jsep.30.2.143 Gao, 2013, The impact of achievement goals on cardiovascular fitness: does self-efficacy make a difference?, Res Q Exerc Sport, 84, 313, 10.1080/02701367.2013.814908 Halvari, 1999, A structural model of achievement motives, performance approach and avoidance goals, and performance among Norwegian Olympic athletes, Percept Mot Skills, 89, 997, 10.2466/pms.1999.89.3.997 Hulleman, 2008, Task values, achievement goals, and interest: an integrative analysis, J Educ Psychol, 100, 398, 10.1037/0022-0663.100.2.398 Kavussanu, 2009, The effects of achievement goals on performance, enjoyment, and practice of a novel task, J Sports Sci, 27, 1281, 10.1080/02640410903229287 Li, 2010, Predicting subjective vitality and performance in sports: the role of passion and achievement goals, Percept Mot Skills, 110, 1029, 10.2466/05.06.07.14.PMS.110.C.1029-1047 Li, 2011, Prediction of intrinsic motivation and sports performance using 2 × 2 achievement goal framework, Psychol Rep, 108, 625, 10.2466/05.11.14.PR0.108.2.625-637 Lochbaum, 2009, Achievement goals, thoughts about intense physical activity, and exerted effort: a mediational analysis, J Sport Behav, 32, 53 Ntoumanis, 2009, Achievement goals, self-handicapping, and performance: a 2 × 2 achievement goal perspective, J Sports Sci, 27, 1471, 10.1080/02640410903150459 Schantz, 2009, Achievement motivation and intra individual affective variability during competence pursuits: a round of golf as a multilevel data structure, J Res Pers, 43, 472, 10.1016/j.jrp.2009.02.002 Stoeber, 2010, Achievement goals and championship performance: predicting absolute performance and qualification success, Psychol Sport Exerc, 11, 513, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.07.007 Stoeber, 2009, Predicting race performance in triathlon: the role of perfectionism, achievement goals, and personal goal setting, J Sport Exerc Psychol, 31, 211, 10.1123/jsep.31.2.211 Turner, 2012, Cardiovascular indices of challenge and threat states predict competitive performance, Int J Psychophysiol, 86, 48, 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.08.004 Turner, 2013, Who thrives under pressure? Predicting the performance of elite academy cricketers using the cardiovascular indicators of challenge and threat states, J Sport Exerc Psychol, 35, 387, 10.1123/jsep.35.4.387 Vallerand, 2008, Passion and performance attainment in sport, Psychol Sport Exerc, 9, 373, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2007.05.003 Roberts, 1992, 3 Conroy, 2004, Fear of failure and achievement goals in sport: addressing the issue of the chicken and the egg, Anxiety Stress Copin, 17, 271, 10.1080/1061580042000191642 Elliot, 2001, Achievement goals and the hierarchical model of achievement motivation, Educ Psychol Rev, 13, 139, 10.1023/A:1009057102306 Elliot, 2002, Approach-avoidance motivation in personality: approach and avoidance temperaments and goals, J Pers Soc Psychol, 82, 804, 10.1037/0022-3514.82.5.804 Lochbaum, 2013, Stage of physical activity and approach-avoidance achievement goals in university students, Psych Sport Exerc, 14, 161, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.09.004 Conroy, 2003, A 2 × 2 achievement goal questionnaire for sport; evidence for factorial invariance, temporal stability, and external validity, J Sport Exerc Psychol, 25, 456, 10.1123/jsep.25.4.456 Borenstein, 2005 Borenstein, 2009 Hedges, 1985 Cohen, 1998, Things I have learned (so far), Am Psychol, 45, 1304, 10.1037/0003-066X.45.12.1304 Hedges, 1998, Fixed-and random-effects models in meta-analysis, Psychol Methods, 3, 486, 10.1037/1082-989X.3.4.486 Higgins, 2003, Measuring inconsistency in meta-analysis, BMJ, 327, 557, 10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 Higgins, 2002, Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis, Stat Med, 21, 1539, 10.1002/sim.1186 Lochbaum, 1993, Goal orientations and perceptions of the sport exercise, J Sport Exerc Psychol, 15, 160, 10.1123/jsep.15.2.160 Ntoumanis, 1999, Affect and achievement goals in physical activity: a meta-analysis, Scand J Med Sci Sports, 9, 315, 10.1111/j.1600-0838.1999.tb00253.x Biddle, 2003, Correlates of achievement goal orientation in physical activity: a systematic review of research, Eur J Sports Sci, 3, 1, 10.1080/17461390300073504 Nien, 2008, Antecedents and consequences of approach and avoidance achievement goals: a test of gender invariance, Psychol Sport Exerc, 9, 352, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2007.05.002 Wang, 2007, The 2 × 2 achievement goal framework in a physical education context, Psychol Sport Exerc, 8, 147, 10.1016/j.psychsport.2005.08.012 Roskes, 2013, Avoidance motivation and conservation of energy, Emotion Rev, 5, 264, 10.1177/1754073913477512 Harackiewicz, 2002, Revision of achievement goal theory: necessary and illuminating, J Educ Psychol, 94, 638, 10.1037/0022-0663.94.3.638 Li, 2005, Construct validity of the 2 × 2 achievement goal questionnaire for sports, J Phys Educ Higher Educ, 7, 61 Elliot, 2001, A 2 × 2 achievement goal framework, J Pers Soc Psychol, 80, 501, 10.1037/0022-3514.80.3.501 Elliot, 2001, A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation, J Pers Soc Psychol, 72, 218, 10.1037/0022-3514.72.1.218