A mathematical and empirical model of the performance of a membrane-coupled anaerobic fermentor
Tóm tắt
A mathematical model was developed to describe the performance of a membrane-coupled anaerobic fermentor (MCAF)-based process. In our experimental results, higher volatile fatty acid (VFA) recovery ratios were obtained at greater filtration ratios. The VFA recovery ratio peaked at an HRT of 12 h and a membrane filtration ratio of 0.95 at a constant SRT. Based on our simulation, the HRT and filtration ratio should be maintained at less than 1 day and above 0.9, respectively, to exceed an organic materials recovery ratio of 35% at a constant SRT of 10 days. Our empirical model, which predicts the effluent VFA concentration (C
o
), described the performance of the MCAF adequately. The model demonstrated that the outlet VFA concentration was a function of three independent parameters—HLR, input organic concentration (C
i
), and membrane filtration ratio (ϕ). Multiple regression analyses were conducted using 50 measurements of the MCAF, yielding the following relationship: C
o
= 0.278ϕ1.13
C
1.93
HLR0.11. The correlation coefficient (R
2) was 0.90. The simulation results were consistent with the observed data; therefore, due to its simplicity, this model predicts the effluent VFA concentration of an MCAF adequately.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ağdağ ON, Sponza DT (2005) Effect of aeration on the performance of a simulated landfilling reactor stabilizing municipal solid wastes. J Environ Sci Health A 39(11–12):2955–2972
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and Water Environment Federation (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th edn. APHA, Washington DC
Andrews JF, Pearson EA (1965) Kinetics and characteristics of volatile acid production in anaerobic fermentation process. Air Water Pollut 9(7):439–461
Annachhatre AP, Khanna P (1990) Fixed film biomethanation modeling. J Environ Eng 116(1):49–69
Bhadra A, Mukhopadhyay SN, Ghose TK (1984) A kinetics model for methanogenesis of acetic acid in a multireactor system. Biotechnol Bioeng 26(3):257–264
Bill YL, Pfeffer JT, Suidan MT (1995) Equilibrium model of anaerobic reactors. J Environ Eng 121(1):58–65
Bryers JD (1985) Structured modeling if the anaerobic digestion of biomass particulates. Biotechnol Bioeng 27(5):638–649
Chiang CF (1988) Effects of reactor configuration on the performance of static-bed submerged media anaerobic reactors. PhD dissertation, Iowa State University, Ames
Dahab MF (1982) Effects of media design on anaerobic filter performance. PhD dissertation, Iowa State University, Ames
Dinopoulou G, Sterritt RM, Lester JN (1988) Anaerobic acidogenesis of a complex wastewater: II. Kinetics of growth, inhibition and product formation. Biotechnol Bioeng 31(9):969–978
Eastman JA, Ferguson JF (1981) Solubilization of particulate organic carbon during the acid phase of anaerobic digestion. J Water Pollut Control Fed 53(3):352–366
EL-Fadel M, Findikakis AN, Keckie IO (1996) Temperature effects in modeling solid waste biodegradation. Environ Technol 17(9):915–935
Francis W, Hanqing Y, Tay JH, Guowei G (1998) An empirical model for predicting the organic concentration of anaerobic filter effluents. Water Environ Res 70(3):299–305
Ghosh S, Conrad JR, Klass DL (1975) Anaerobic acidogenesis of wastewater sludge. J Water Pollut Control Fed 47(1):31–45
Gonzalez R (1987) Kinetic studies and performance evaluation of an anaerobic fixed-film reactor treating fuel alcohol wastewater. PhD dissertation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater
Hanaki K, Matsuo T (1985) Mathematical modeling of the anaerobic digestion process. In: Jorgensen SE, Gromiec MJ (eds) Mathematical models in biological wastewater treatment. Elsevier Science Publisher, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Harper SR, Suidan MT (1991) Anaerobic treatment kinetics: discussers’ report. Water Sci Technol 24(8):61–78
Hayes TD, Isaacson HR, Pfeffer JT, Liu YM (1990) In situ methane enrichment in anaerobic digestion. Biotechnol Bioeng 35(1):73–86
Jhung JK, Choi ES (1995) A comparative study of UASB and anaerobic fixed film reactors with development of sludge granulation. Water Res 29(1):271–277
Kim SK (1997) Biodegradation of lignocellulosic material under sulfidogenic and methanogenic environments in landfills. PhD dissertation, Kyoto University
Kim DH, Somiya I (1995) Study on the organic acid fermentation with membrane filtration. JSWA Res J 32(393):52–63 (in Japanese)
Lindgren M (1983) Mathematical modeling of the anaerobic filter process. Water Sci Technol 15(8–9):197–208
McCarty PL, Mosey FE (1991) Modeling of anaerobic digestion process. Water Sci Technol 24(8):17–33
Mosey FE (1983) Mathematical modeling of the anaerobic digestion process: regulatory mechanisms for the formation of short-chain volatile acids from glucose. Water Sci Technol 15(20):209–217
O’Keefe DM, Brigmon RL, Chynoweth DP (2000) Influence of methane enrichment by aeration of recirculated supernatant on microbial activities during anaerobic digestion. Bioresour Technol 71(3):217–224
Oh YM, Yang BC (1986) Anaerobic wastewater treatment using floating media. Water Sci Technol 18(7–8):225
Parkin GF, Owen WF (1986) Fundamentals of anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge. J Environ Eng 112(5):861–920
Pavlostathis SG, Girlado-Gomez E (1991) Kinetics of anaerobic treatment. Water Sci Technol 24(8):35–59
Pavlostathis SG, Gossett JM (1986) A kinetic model for anaerobic digestion of biological sludge. Biotechnol Bioeng 28(10):1519–1530
Somiya I, Tsuno H, Yamashita H (1996) Nitrogen removal in membrane separation activated sludge process with intermittent aeration. J Jpn Sewage Work Assoc 33(407):104–118 (in Japanese)
Suidan MT, Wang YT (1985) Unified analysis of biofilm kinetics. J Environ Eng 111(5):634–646
Williamson K, McCarty PL (1976) A model of substrate utilization by bacterial film. J Water Pollut Control Fed 48(1):9–24
Wilson F (1993) Prediction of rotating biological contactor efficiency using TOC. J Environ Eng 119(3):478–492
Yang BC, Jahan K, Young JC (1987) Modeling of anaerobic filter performance. In: Proceedings of 8th international conference on alternative energy sources, Miami, FL
Young JC, McCarty PL (1969) The anaerobic filter for waste treatment. J Water Pollut Control Fed 41(2):160–173
Yoshikawa S (1994) Study on the VFAs recovery using membrane filtration. Maser thesis, Kyoto University
Young JC, Dahab MF (1983) Effect of media design on the performance of fixed-bed anaerobic filters. Water Sci Technol 15(8–9):369–383