A family of peptidoglycan recognition proteins in the fruit flyDrosophila melanogaster

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - Tập 97 Số 25 - Trang 13772-13777 - 2000
Thomas Werner1, Gang Liu1, Daiwu Kang1, Sophia Ekengren1, Håkan Steiner1, Dan Hultmark1
1Umeå Centre for Molecular Pathogenesis, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; and Department of Microbiology and the Wenner–Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden

Tóm tắt

Peptidoglycans from bacterial cell walls trigger immune responses in insects and mammals. A peptidoglycan recognition protein, PGRP, has been cloned from moths as well as vertebrates and has been shown to participate in peptidoglycan-mediated activation of prophenoloxidase in the silk moth. Here we report thatDrosophilaexpresses 12PGRPgenes, distributed in 8 chromosomal loci on the 3 major chromosomes. By analyzing cDNA clones and genomic databases, we grouped them into two classes:PGRP-SA, SB1, SB2, SC1A, SC1B, SC2,andSD, with short transcripts and short 5′-untranslated regions; andPGRP-LA, LB, LC, LD,andLE, with long transcripts and long 5′-untranslated regions. The predicted structures indicate that the first group encodes extracellular proteins and the second group, intracellular and membrane-spanning proteins. MostPGRPgenes are expressed in all postembryonic stages. Peptidoglycan injections strongly induce five of the genes. Transcripts from the differentPGRPgenes were found in immune competent organs such as fat body, gut, and hemocytes. We demonstrate that at leastPGRP-SAandSC1Bcan bind peptidoglycan, and a function in immunity is likely for this family.

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Thông tin xuất bản

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Tập 97 Số 25

13772-13777

Thông tin tác giả