Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Nghiên cứu so sánh về quần xã cá gần các môi trường nuôi trồng thủy sản, nhân tạo và tự nhiên
Tóm tắt
Môi trường sống đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc điều tiết cấu trúc quần thể cá. Sử dụng dữ liệu thu được từ khảo sát lưới trammel hàng tháng tại quần đảo Ma’an ở bờ biển phía đông Trung Quốc, chúng tôi đã đánh giá tác động của năm môi trường sống khác nhau (rạn san hô nhân tạo, trang trại ngao, nuôi nhốt cá, rạn đá và đáy mềm) lên các quần xã cá. Nghiên cứu này cho thấy rằng các rạn san hô nhân tạo (AR) có độ phong phú về loài, sự phong phú và đa dạng sinh học cao hơn đáng kể so với các trang trại ngao (MF) hay đáy mềm (SB) trong hầu hết các mùa, và các nhóm cá trong môi trường AR tương tự như trong các môi trường rạn đá (RR). Hai kiểu quần xã cá khác nhau đã được phát hiện trong khu vực nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp phân tích lập độ không theo chỉ số: một quần xã chiếm ưu thế bởi các loài cá rạn (đặc biệt là các loài thuộc họ Scorpaenidae) ở môi trường AR, RR và các mô hình nuôi nhốt (CA), và một quần xã chiếm ưu thế bởi các loài thuộc họ Sciaenidae ở môi trường MF và SB. Chúng tôi đề xuất rằng các loài cá rạn đóng vai trò chủ chốt trong việc phân biệt cấu trúc quần thể cá trong khu vực nghiên cứu. Mặc dù có rất ít sự khác biệt về sự phong phú và đa dạng của cá giữa môi trường CA và SB, cấu trúc tuổi của cá trong môi trường CA cho thấy độ đa dạng cao hơn. Một quần xã cá phức tạp hơn và sự gia tăng dân số của các loài bản địa đã được thiết lập do sự xuất hiện của cả cấu trúc nhân tạo nổi và cố định, có thể thông qua cải thiện tỷ lệ sống sót.
Từ khóa
#quần xã cá #môi trường sống #rạn san hô nhân tạo #nuôi trồng thủy sản #đa dạng sinh họcTài liệu tham khảo
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