Nghiên cứu theo nhóm về việc thất bại trong điều trị Chlamydia trachomatis ở phụ nữ: một nguyên tắc nghiên cứu

BMC Infectious Diseases - Tập 13 - Trang 1-9 - 2013
Jane S Hocking1,2, Lenka A Vodstrcil1,3, Wilhelmina M Huston4, Peter Timms4, Marcus Y Chen1,5, Karen Worthington5, Ruthy McIver6, Sepehr N Tabrizi3,7,8
1Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
2the Australian Chlamydia Treatment Study (ACTS) investigators, Australia
3Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
4Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
5Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Carlton, Australia
6Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney, Australia
7Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Australia
8Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia

Tóm tắt

Chlamydia trachomatis là loại nhiễm khuẩn lây truyền qua đường tình dục được chẩn đoán phổ biến nhất ở các nước phát triển và tỷ lệ chẩn đoán đã tăng mạnh trong thập kỷ qua. Nhiễm trùng chlamydia tái phát rất phổ biến và có thể phản ánh việc tái nhiễm từ một bạn tình không được điều trị hoặc do thất bại điều trị. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu theo nhóm này là ước tính tỷ lệ phụ nữ nhiễm chlamydia gặp thất bại trong điều trị sau khi điều trị bằng 1 gram azithromycin. Nghiên cứu theo nhóm này sẽ theo dõi các phụ nữ được chẩn đoán nhiễm chlamydia trong vòng 56 ngày sau điều trị. Phụ nữ sẽ cung cấp mẫu sinh dục hàng tuần để kiểm tra thêm. Kết quả chính là tỷ lệ phụ nữ được phân loại là gặp thất bại trong điều trị sau 28, 42 hoặc 56 ngày từ khi tham gia. Dữ liệu về hành vi tình dục được thu thập một cách toàn diện và việc phát hiện DNA nhiễm sắc thể Y cùng với phân loại gen chlamydia có độ phân giải cao sẽ được sử dụng để phân biệt giữa tái nhiễm chlamydia và thất bại điều trị. Mức độ azithromycin trong các mẫu âm đạo cao sẽ được đo lường bằng phương pháp sắc ký lỏng – khối phổ ghép nối đã được xác thực để đánh giá xem sự hấp thu kém azithromycin có thể là nguyên nhân của thất bại điều trị hay không. Cấy khuẩn chlamydia và nồng độ ức chế tối thiểu sẽ được thực hiện để phân tích thêm về các nhiễm trùng chlamydia. Phân biệt giữa thất bại điều trị và tái nhiễm là rất quan trọng để cải thiện các khuyến nghị điều trị và tập trung vào các cơ chế kiểm soát nhiễm trùng. Nếu một tỷ lệ lớn các nhiễm trùng chlamydia tái phát là do thất bại điều trị kháng sinh, thì các khuyến nghị quốc tế về điều trị chlamydia có thể cần phải được xem xét lại. Nếu phần lớn là tái nhiễm, thì các chiến lược để thúc đẩy điều trị cho bạn tình là cần thiết.

Từ khóa

#Chlamydia trachomatis #điều trị #tái nhiễm #thất bại điều trị #azithromycin #nghiên cứu theo nhóm

Tài liệu tham khảo

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