A Somatically Diversified Defense Factor, FREP3, Is a Determinant of Snail Resistance to Schistosome Infection

P Steinmann, 2006, Schistosomiasis and water resources development: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimates of people at risk., Lancet, 6, 411, 10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70521-7

RD Ward, 1988, <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic>: relationship between cercarial production levels and snail host susceptibility., Exp Parasitol, 66, 78, 10.1016/0014-4894(88)90052-5

A Fenwick, 2009, The Schistosomiasis Control Initiative (SCI): rationale, development and implementation from 2002–2008., Parasitol, 136, 1719, 10.1017/S0031182009990400

Y Mone, 2011, An example of molecular co-evolution: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS scavenger levels in <italic>Schistosoma mansoni/Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> interactions., Int J Parasitol, 41, 721, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.01.007

CP Goodall, 2006, <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene: association of SOD1 alleles with resistance/susceptibility to <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic>., Mol Biochem Parasitol, 147, 207, 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.02.009

CJ Bayne, 2009, Successful parasitism of vector snail <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> by the human blood fluke (trematode) <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic>: a 2009 assessment., Mol Biochem Parasitol, 165, 8, 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.01.005

PC Hanington, 2010, Time series analysis of the transcriptional responses of <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> throughout the course of intramolluscan development of <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> and <italic>Echinostoma paraensei</italic>., Int J Parasitol, 40, 819, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2009.12.005

PC Hanington, 2011, The primary role of fibrinogen-related proteins in invertebrates is defense, not coagulation., J Innate Immun, 3, 17, 10.1159/000321882

CM Adema, 1997, A family of fibrinogen-related proteins that precipitates parasite-derived molecules is produced by an invertebrate after infection., PNAS USA, 94, 8691, 10.1073/pnas.94.16.8691

Y Mone, 2010, A large repertoire of parasite epitopes matched by a large repertoire of host immune receptors in an invertebrate host/parasite model., PLoS NTD, 4 e813

PC Hanington, 2010, Role for a somatically diversified lectin in resistance of an invertebrate to parasite infection., PNAS USA, 107, 21087, 10.1073/pnas.1011242107

CM Adema, 1994, A time-lapse study of interactions between <italic>Echinostoma paraensei</italic> intramolluscan larval stages and adherent hemocytes from <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> and <italic>Helix aspersa</italic>., J Parasitol, 80, 719, 10.2307/3283251

KJ Lie, 1979, Capacity of irradiated echinostome sporocysts to protect <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> in resistant <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic>., Int J Parasitol, 9, 539, 10.1016/0020-7519(79)90010-9

KJ Lie, 1977, <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> - Temporary Reduction of Natural-Resistance in <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> Induced by Irradiated Miracidia of <italic>Echinostoma paraensei</italic>., Exp Parasitol, 43, 54, 10.1016/0014-4894(77)90007-8

CM Adema, 2010, Differential transcriptomic responses of <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> (Gastropoda, Mollusca) to bacteria and metazoan parasites, <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> and <italic>Echinostoma paraensei</italic> (Digenea, Platyhelminthes)., Mol Immunol, 47, 849, 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.10.019

CM Adema, 1992, A comparative study of hemocytes from six different snails: morphology and functional aspects., J Invert Pathol, 59, 24, 10.1016/0022-2011(92)90107-F

FA Lewis, 1986, Large-scale laboratory maintenance of <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic>, with observations on three schistosome/snail host combinations., J Parasitol, 72, 813, 10.2307/3281829

KD Lafferty, 2009, Parasitic castration: the evolution and ecology of body snatchers., Trends in Parasitol, 25, 564, 10.1016/j.pt.2009.09.003

SM Zhang, 2004, Diversification of Ig superfamily genes in an invertebrate., Science, 305, 251, 10.1126/science.1088069

AG Galvan, 2000, Rescue of sporocysts of <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> in nonsusceptible <italic>Biomphalaria</italic> by head-foot transplantation into susceptible snails., J Parasitol, 86, 308, 10.1645/0022-3395(2000)086[0308:ROSOSM]2.0.CO;2

KJ Lie, 1980, Tissue reactions induced by <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> in <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic>., Annal Trop Med Parasitol, 74, 157, 10.1080/00034983.1980.11687326

S Noda, 1989, Effects of infection with <italic>Echinostoma paraensei</italic> on the circulating haemocyte population of the host snail <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic>., Parasitol, 98, 35, 10.1017/S0031182000059667

S Noda, 1989, Phagocytic-Activity of Hemocytes of M-Line <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> Snails - Effect of Exposure to the Trematode <italic>Echinostoma paraensei</italic>., J Parasitol, 75, 261, 10.2307/3282775

G DeGaffe, 1998, Susceptibility of <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> to infection with <italic>Echinostoma paraensei</italic>: correlation with the effect of parasite secretory-excretory products on host hemocyte spreading., J Invert Pathol, 71, 64, 10.1006/jipa.1997.4710

E Humbert, 2001, Refractoriness of host haemocytes to parasite immunosuppressive factors as a putative resistance mechanism in the <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata-Echinostoma caproni</italic> system., Parasitol, 122, 651, 10.1017/S003118200100782X

CM Adema, 1994, Schistosomicidal activities of <italic>Lymnaea stagnalis</italic> haemocytes: the role of oxygen radicals., Parasitol, 109, 479, 10.1017/S0031182000080732

A Baeza Garcia, 2010, Involvement of the cytokine MIF in the snail host immune response to the parasite <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic>., PLoS Pathogen, 6, 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001115

A Bouchut, 2006, Compatibility in the <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata/Echinostoma caproni</italic> model: potential involvement of adhesion genes., Int J Parasitol, 36, 175, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.09.009

Y Yigzaw, 2001, Isolation and characterization of an alpha-macroglobulin from the gastropod mollusc <italic>Helix pomatia</italic> with tetrameric structure and preserved activity after methylamine treatment., Biochim Biophys Acta, 1545, 104, 10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00267-3

PK Amancha, 2009, Characterization of the mannose 6-phosphate receptor (Mr 300 kDa) protein dependent pathway of lysosomal enzyme targeting in <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> mollusc cells., Biochimie, 91, 982, 10.1016/j.biochi.2009.05.001

M Knight, 2009, <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic> peroxiredoxin: effect of <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> infection on differential gene regulation., Mol Biochem Parasitol, 167, 20, 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.04.002

TP Yoshino, 2008, Molecular and functional characterization of a tandem-repeat galectin from the freshwater snail <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata</italic>, intermediate host of the human blood fluke <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic>., Gene, 411, 46, 10.1016/j.gene.2008.01.003

SV Brant, 2005, Can specialized pathogens colonize distantly related hosts? Schistosome evolution as a case study., PLoS Pathogen, 1, 167, 10.1371/journal.ppat.0010038

VR Southgate, 1989, The influence of <italic>Calicophoron microbothrium</italic> on the susceptibility of <italic>Bulinus tropicus</italic> to <italic>Schistosoma bovis</italic>., Parasitol Research, 75, 381, 10.1007/BF00931134

JC Walker, 1979, <italic>Austrobilharzia terrigalensis</italic> - Schistosome Dominant in Interspecific Interactions in the Molluscan Host., Int J Parasitol, 9, 137, 10.1016/0020-7519(79)90104-8